实例:
为运行于虚拟机上的CentOS 6添加一块新硬件，提供两个主分区；
(1) 为硬盘新建两个主分区；并为其安装grub；
(2) 为硬盘的第一个主分区提供内核和ramdisk文件； 为第二个分区提供rootfs；
(3) 为rootfs提供bash、ls、cat程序及所依赖的库文件；
(4) 为grub提供配置文件；
(5) 将新的硬盘设置为第一启动项并能够正常启动目标主机；
新增硬盘并分区
[[email protected]~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes
Disk identifier: 0x6a3c778b
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux
创建文件系统
[[email protected]~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
[[email protected]~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdb2
挂载
[[email protected]~]# mkdir /mnt/boot
[[email protected]~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/boot
安装grub至分区1上
[[email protected]~]# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. Thismay take a long time.
Installation finished. No error reported.
This is the contents of the device map/mnt/boot/grub/device.map.
Check if this is correct or not. If any ofthe lines is incorrect,
fix it and re-run the script`grub-install‘.
复制内核文件和initrdfs文件
[[email protected]]# cp /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 /mnt/boot/vmlinuz
[[email protected]]# cp /boot/initramfs-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64.img /mnt/boot/initramfs
创建grub配置文件
[[email protected]]# vim /mnt/boot/grub//grub.conf
default=0
timeout=5
title CentOS6(test)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz ro root=/dev/sdb2 selinux=0init=/bin/bash
initrd /initramfs
卸载sdb1,挂载sdb2,并创建rootfs相关目录
[[email protected] /]# umount /dev/sdb1
[[email protected] /]# mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt
[[email protected] /]# mkdir -p/mnt/{bin,sbin,lib,lib64,etc,home,root,media,dev,mnt,tmp}
[[email protected] /]# mkdir -p/mnt/{usr/{bin,sbin,lib,lib64},var/{lib,lib64,log,local,cache
},proc,sys,selinux}
为rootfs提供bash、ls、cat程序及所依赖的库文件；
cp /bin/{bash,ls,cat} /mnt/bin
ldd命令： #需要ldd命令
- print shared library dependencies
ldd [OPTION]... FILE...
[[email protected]/]# cp `ldd /bin/{bash,ls,cat}|grep -Eo "/lib.*[[:space:]]"| sort -u`/mnt
/lib64
[[email protected] /]# sync #同步到磁盘
重启后调整硬盘启动顺序测试
调整虚拟机bios硬盘开机启动项
启动后读取自定义的grub.conf
正常启动
