用shceme实现自举

IDE使用DrRacket：

#lang racket
(require sicp)
(define (eval exp env) ((analyze exp) env))
(define (analyze exp)
  (cond ((self-evaluating? exp) (analyze-self-evaluating exp))
        ((quoted? exp) (analyze-quoted exp))
        ((variable? exp) (analyze-variable exp))
        ((assignment? exp) (analyze-assignment exp))
        ((definition? exp) (analyze-definition exp))
        ((if? exp) (analyze-if exp))
        ((lambda? exp) (analyze-lambda exp))
        ((begin? exp) (analyze-sequence (begin-actions exp)))
        ((cond? exp) (analyze (cond->if exp)))
        ((application? exp) (analyze-application exp))
        (else (error "Unknown expression type: ANALYZE" exp))))
(define (analyze-self-evaluating exp)
  (lambda (env) exp))
(define (analyze-quoted exp)
  (let ((qval (text-of-quotation exp)))
    (lambda (env) qval)))
(define (analyze-variable exp)
  (lambda (env) (lookup-variable-value exp env)))
(define (analyze-assignment exp)
  (let ((var (assignment-variable exp))
        (vproc (analyze (assignment-value exp))))
    (lambda (env)
      (set-variable-value! var (vproc env) env)
      ‘ok)))
(define (analyze-definition exp)
  (let ((var (definition-variable exp))
        (vproc (analyze (definition-value exp))))
    (lambda (env)
      (define-variable! var (vproc env) env)
      ‘ok)))
(define (analyze-if exp)
  (let ((pproc (analyze (if-predicate exp)))
        (cproc (analyze (if-consequent exp)))
        (aproc (analyze (if-alternative exp))))
    (lambda (env) (if (true? (pproc env))
                      (cproc env)
                      (aproc env)))))
(define (analyze-lambda exp)
  (let ((vars (lambda-parameters exp))
        (bproc (analyze-sequence (lambda-body exp))))
    (lambda (env) (make-procedure vars bproc env))))
(define (analyze-sequence exps)
  (define (sequentially proc1 proc2)
    (lambda (env) (proc1 env) (proc2 env)))
  (define (loop first-proc rest-procs)
    (if (null? rest-procs)
        first-proc
        (loop (sequentially first-proc (car rest-procs))
              (cdr rest-procs))))
  (let ((procs (map analyze exps)))
    (if (null? procs) (error "Empty sequence: ANALYZE"))
    (loop (car procs) (cdr procs))))
(define (analyze-application exp)
  (let ((fproc (analyze (operator exp)))
        (aprocs (map analyze (operands exp))))
    (lambda (env)
      (execute-application
       (fproc env)
       (map (lambda (aproc) (aproc env))
            aprocs)))))
(define (execute-application proc args)
  (cond ((primitive-procedure? proc)
         (apply-primitive-procedure proc args))
        ((compound-procedure? proc)
         ((procedure-body proc)
          (extend-environment
           (procedure-parameters proc)
           args
           (procedure-environment proc))))
        (else
         (error "Unknown procedure type: EXECUTE-APPLICATION"
                proc))))
(define (apply procedure arguments)
  (cond ((primitive-procedure? procedure)
         (apply-primitive-procedure procedure arguments))
        ((compound-procedure? procedure)
         (eval-sequence
          (procedure-body procedure)
          (extend-environment
           (procedure-parameters procedure)
           arguments
           (procedure-environment procedure))))
        (else
         (error
          "Unknown procedure type: APPLY" procedure))))
(define (list-of-values exps env)
  (if (no-operands? exps)
      ‘()
      (cons (eval (first-operand exps) env)
            (list-of-values (rest-operands exps) env))))
(define (eval-if exp env)
  (if (true? (eval (if-predicate exp) env))
      (eval (if-consequent exp) env)
      (eval (if-alternative exp) env)))
(define (eval-sequence exps env)
  (cond ((last-exp? exps)
         (eval (first-exp exps) env))
        (else
         (eval (first-exp exps) env)
         (eval-sequence (rest-exps exps) env))))
(define (eval-assignment exp env)
  (set-variable-value! (assignment-variable exp)
                       (eval (assignment-value exp) env)
                       env)
  ‘ok)
(define (eval-definition exp env)
  (define-variable! (definition-variable exp)
    (eval (definition-value exp) env)
    env)
  ‘ok)
(define (self-evaluating? exp)
  (cond ((number? exp) true)
        ((string? exp) true)
        (else false)))
(define (variable? exp) (symbol? exp))
(define (quoted? exp) (tagged-list? exp ‘quote))
(define (text-of-quotation exp) (cadr exp))
(define (tagged-list? exp tag)
  (if (pair? exp)
      (eq? (car exp) tag)
      false))
(define (assignment? exp) (tagged-list? exp ‘set!))
(define (assignment-variable exp) (cadr exp))
(define (assignment-value exp) (caddr exp))
(define (definition? exp) (tagged-list? exp ‘define))
(define (definition-variable exp)
  (if (symbol? (cadr exp))
      (cadr exp)
      (caadr exp)))
(define (definition-value exp)
  (if (symbol? (cadr exp))
      (caddr exp)
      (make-lambda (cdadr exp)
                   (cddr exp))))
(define (lambda? exp) (tagged-list? exp ‘lambda))
(define (lambda-parameters exp) (cadr exp))
(define (lambda-body exp) (cddr exp))
(define (make-lambda parameters body)
  (cons ‘lambda (cons parameters body)))
(define (if? exp) (tagged-list? exp ‘if))
(define (if-predicate exp) (cadr exp))
(define (if-consequent exp) (caddr exp))
(define (if-alternative exp)
  (if (not (null? (cdddr exp)))
      (cadddr exp)
      ‘false))
(define (make-if predicate consequent alternative)
  (list ‘if predicate consequent alternative))
(define (begin? exp) (tagged-list? exp ‘begin))
(define (begin-actions exp) (cdr exp))
(define (last-exp? seq) (null? (cdr seq)))
(define (first-exp seq) (car seq))
(define (rest-exps seq) (cdr seq))
(define (sequence->exp seq)
  (cond ((null? seq) seq)
        ((last-exp? seq) (first-exp seq))
        (else (make-begin seq))))
(define (make-begin seq) (cons ‘begin seq))
(define (application? exp) (pair? exp))
(define (operator exp) (car exp))
(define (operands exp) (cdr exp))
(define (no-operands? ops) (null? ops))
(define (first-operand ops) (car ops))
(define (rest-operands ops) (cdr ops))
(define (cond? exp) (tagged-list? exp ‘cond))
(define (cond-clauses exp) (cdr exp))
(define (cond-else-clause? clause)
(eq? (cond-predicate clause) ‘else))
(define (cond-predicate clause) (car clause))
(define (cond-actions clause) (cdr clause))
(define (cond->if exp) (expand-clauses (cond-clauses exp)))
(define (expand-clauses clauses)
  (if (null? clauses)
      ‘false
      (let ((first (car clauses))
            (rest (cdr clauses)))
        (if (cond-else-clause? first)
            (if (null? rest)
                (sequence->exp (cond-actions first))
                (error "ELSE clause isn‘t last: COND->IF"
                       clauses))
            (make-if (cond-predicate first)
                     (sequence->exp (cond-actions first))
                     (expand-clauses rest))))))
(define (true? x) (not (eq? x false)))
(define (false? x) (eq? x false))
(define (make-procedure parameters body env)
  (list ‘procedure parameters body env))
(define (compound-procedure? p)
  (tagged-list? p ‘procedure))
(define (procedure-parameters p) (cadr p))
(define (procedure-body p) (caddr p))
(define (procedure-environment p) (cadddr p))
(define (enclosing-environment env) (cdr env))
(define (first-frame env) (car env))
(define the-empty-environment ‘())
(define (make-frame variables values)
  (cons variables values))
(define (frame-variables frame) (car frame))
(define (frame-values frame) (cdr frame))
(define (add-binding-to-frame! var val frame)
  (set-car! frame (cons var (car frame)))
  (set-cdr! frame (cons val (cdr frame))))
(define (extend-environment vars vals base-env)
  (if (= (length vars) (length vals))
      (cons (make-frame vars vals) base-env)
      (if (< (length vars) (length vals))
          (error "Too many arguments supplied" vars vals)
          (error "Too few arguments supplied" vars vals))))
(define (lookup-variable-value var env)
  (define (env-loop env)
    (define (scan vars vals)
      (cond ((null? vars)
             (env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
            ((eq? var (car vars)) (car vals))
            (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
    (if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
        (error "Unbound variable" var)
        (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
          (scan (frame-variables frame)
                (frame-values frame)))))
  (env-loop env))
(define (set-variable-value! var val env)
(define (env-loop env)
  (define (scan vars vals)
    (cond ((null? vars)
           (env-loop (enclosing-environment env)))
          ((eq? var (car vars)) (set-car! vals val))
          (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
  (if (eq? env the-empty-environment)
      (error "Unbound variable: SET!" var)
      (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
        (scan (frame-variables frame)
              (frame-values frame)))))
  (env-loop env))
(define (define-variable! var val env)
  (let ((frame (first-frame env)))
    (define (scan vars vals)
      (cond ((null? vars)
             (add-binding-to-frame! var val frame))
            ((eq? var (car vars)) (set-car! vals val))
            (else (scan (cdr vars) (cdr vals)))))
    (scan (frame-variables frame) (frame-values frame))))
(define (primitive-procedure-names)
  (map car primitive-procedures))
(define (primitive-implementation proc) (cadr proc))
(define primitive-procedures
  (list (list ‘car car)
        (list ‘cdr cdr)
        (list ‘cons cons)
        (list ‘null? null?)))
(define (primitive-procedure-objects)
  (map (lambda (proc) (list ‘primitive (cadr proc)))
       primitive-procedures))
(define (setup-environment)
  (let ((initial-env
         (extend-environment (primitive-procedure-names)
                             (primitive-procedure-objects)
                             the-empty-environment)))
    (define-variable! ‘true true initial-env)
    (define-variable! ‘false false initial-env)
    initial-env))
(define the-global-environment (setup-environment))
(define (primitive-procedure? proc)
  (tagged-list? proc ‘primitive))

(define (apply-primitive-procedure proc args)
  (apply-in-underlying-scheme
   (primitive-implementation proc) args))
(define apply-in-underlying-scheme apply)
(define input-prompt ";;; M-Eval input:")
(define output-prompt ";;; M-Eval value:")
(define (driver-loop)
  (prompt-for-input input-prompt)
  (let ((input (read)))
    (let ((output (eval input the-global-environment)))
      (announce-output output-prompt)
      (user-print output)))
  (driver-loop))
(define (prompt-for-input string)
  (newline) (newline) (display string) (newline))
(define (announce-output string)
  (newline) (display string) (newline))
(define (user-print object)
  (if (compound-procedure? object)
      (display (list ‘compound-procedure
                     (procedure-parameters object)
                     (procedure-body object)
                     ‘<procedure-env>))
      (display object)))