rest是一个架构风格,用url来访问网络上的任何资源。rest的一种思想就是用http中的动作get，post，put，delete，来进行增删改查。
这里介绍的是springMVC的rest请求。 不包含webservice的JAX-RS的例子。rest风格的webservice可以用cxf框架进行实现。也很简单。
1 首先准备web项目需要的jar包，也就是springMVC所依赖的jar：
2 创建一个动态的web工程：这里首先需要配置web.xml文件注册springMVC的前端控制器，dispatcherServlet，所有的客户端请求会被他进行转发。然后在配置hiddenHttpMethodFilter用来把post请求转成put 和 delete
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<!-- hiddenHttpMethodFilter 可以把把post请求转船成put delete -->
<filter>
<filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置springmvc的dispatcherServlet分发请求，实际上他是一个前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3 编写rest风格的接口
package cn.bean.demo.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/restservice")
public class RestService {
public final static String SUCCEEDD="show";
/**
* get请求
* url: http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestGet/12
* @param id
* 查询的参数
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/testRestGet/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String testRestGet(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("rest 风格的GET请求..........id=" +id);
return SUCCEEDD;
}
/**
* post新增
* url: http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPost
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/testRestPost",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String testRestPost(){
System.out.println("rest 风格的POST请求.......... ");
return SUCCEEDD;
}
/**
* PUT 修改操作
* url: http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPut/put123
* @param name
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/testRestPut/{name}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
public String testRestPut(@PathVariable("name") String name){
System.out.println("rest 风格的PUT请求..........name="+name);
return SUCCEEDD;
}
/**
* DELETE删除操作
* url: http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestDelete/11
* @param id
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/testRestDelete/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println("rest 风格的DELETE请求..........id="+id);
return SUCCEEDD;
}
}
4 编写接口的响应页面 -对应着接口的return
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>show this is succeedd ？ yes </h2>
</body>
</html>
5 发布和配置rest接口 dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.bean.demo"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
6 测试rest接口: 将项目发布到tomcat7中。 测试工具RESTClient
时间： 2024-10-22 12:52:05