字符串以及文件的hashlib的md5和sha1等的运用

hashlib的md5和sha1等的运用

import hashlib
print(hashlib.algorithms_available)
print(hashlib.algorithms_guaranteed)

#MD5
import hashlib
hash_object = hashlib.md5(b‘Hello World‘)
print(hash_object.hexdigest())

#
import hashlib
mystring = input(‘Enter String to hash: ‘)
# Assumes the default UTF-8
hash_object = hashlib.md5(mystring.encode())
print(hash_object.hexdigest())

#sha1
import hashlib
hash_object = hashlib.sha1(b‘Hello World‘)
hex_dig = hash_object.hexdigest()
print(hex_dig)

#sha224
import hashlib
hash_object = hashlib.sha224(b‘Hello World‘)
hex_dig = hash_object.hexdigest()
print(hex_dig)

#sha256
import hashlib
hash_object = hashlib.sha256(b‘Hello World‘)
hex_dig = hash_object.hexdigest()
print(hex_dig)

#sha384
import hashlib
hash_object = hashlib.sha384(b‘Hello World‘)
hex_dig = hash_object.hexdigest()
print(hex_dig)

#sha512
import hashlib
hash_object = hashlib.sha512(b‘Hello World‘)
hex_dig = hash_object.hexdigest()
print(hex_dig)

#new&update
import hashlib
hash_object = hashlib.new(‘DSA‘)
hash_object.update(b‘Hello World‘)
print(hash_object.hexdigest())

例：

import uuid
import hashlib

def hash_password(password):
    # uuid is used to generate a random number
    salt = uuid.uuid4().hex
    return hashlib.sha256(salt.encode() + password.encode()).hexdigest() + ‘:‘ + salt

def check_password(hashed_password, user_password):
    password, salt = hashed_password.split(‘:‘)
    return password == hashlib.sha256(salt.encode() + user_password.encode()).hexdigest()

new_pass = input(‘Please enter a password: ‘)
hashed_password = hash_password(new_pass)
print(‘The string to store in the db is: ‘ + hashed_password)
old_pass = input(‘Now please enter the password again to check: ‘)
if check_password(hashed_password, old_pass):
    print(‘You entered the right password‘)
else:
    print(‘I am sorry but the password does not match‘)

文件的hash

#MD5 File Hash in Python
import hashlib
hasher = hashlib.md5()
with open(‘myfile.jpg‘, ‘rb‘) as afile:
    buf = afile.read()
    hasher.update(buf)
print(hasher.hexdigest())

#MD5 Hash for Large Files in Python
import hashlib
BLOCKSIZE = 65536
hasher = hashlib.md5()
with open(‘anotherfile.txt‘, ‘rb‘) as afile:
    buf = afile.read(BLOCKSIZE)
    while len(buf) > 0:
        hasher.update(buf)
        buf = afile.read(BLOCKSIZE)
print(hasher.hexdigest())

#SHA1 File Hash in Python
import hashlib
BLOCKSIZE = 65536
hasher = hashlib.sha1()
with open(‘anotherfile.txt‘, ‘rb‘) as afile:
    buf = afile.read(BLOCKSIZE)
    while len(buf) > 0:
        hasher.update(buf)
        buf = afile.read(BLOCKSIZE)
print(hasher.hexdigest())