本节作为主要讲解Spring Data的环境搭建
- JPA Spring Data :致力于减少数据访问层(DAO)的开发量。开发者唯一要做的就是声音持久层的接口,其他都交给Spring Data JPA来帮你完成!
- 使用Spring Data JPA进行持久层开发需要的四个步骤:
- 配置Spring 整合 JPA
- 在Spring配置文件中配置Spring Data,让Spring 为声明的接口创建代理对象。配置了<jpa:repositories>后,Spring 初始化容器时将会扫描base-package 指定的包目录及其子目录,为继承Repository或其子接口的接口创建代理对象,并将代理对象注册为SpringBean,业务层便可以通过Spring的自动封装的特性来直接使用该对象。
- 声明持久层的接口,该接口继承Repository。Repository是一个标记型接口,它不包含任何方法,如必要,Spring Data 可实现Repository其他子接口,其中定义了一些常用的增删改查,以及分页相关的方法。
- 在接口中声明需要的方法。Spring Data将根据给定的策略,来为其生成实现代码。
- 环境搭建
1.所需要的包
① 加入spring包
spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
② 加入hibernate包
antlr-2.7.7.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar
hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar
hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar
jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar
jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
③ 加jpa的包
hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.11.Final.jar
④ 加c3p0的包
c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar
hibernate-c3p0-4.3.11.Final.jar
mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar
⑤ 加mysql的驱动
mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar
⑥加入springData
spring-data-commons-1.6.2.RELEASE.jar
spring-data-jpa-1.4.2.RELEASE.jar
⑦加入 slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
2.Spring Bean配置文件
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 4 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" 5 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 6 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd 7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd 8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd"> 9 <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /> 10 <!--配置数据源 --> 11 <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> 12 <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property> 13 <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> 14 <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property> 15 <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property> 16 </bean> 17 <!--配置JPA的entityManagerFactory --> 18 <bean id="entityManagerFactory" 19 class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> 20 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> 21 <!-- 配置JPA的实现 --> 22 <property name="jpaVendorAdapter"> 23 <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"></bean> 24 </property> 25 <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ntjr.springdata"></property> 26 <property name="jpaProperties"> 27 <props> 28 <!-- 二级缓存相关 --> 29 <!-- <prop key="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</prop> 30 <prop key="net.sf.ehcache.configurationResourceName">ehcache-hibernate.xml</prop> --> 31 <!-- 生成的数据表的列的映射策略 --> 32 <prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop> 33 <!-- hibernate 基本属性 --> 34 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop> 35 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> 36 <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> 37 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> 38 </props> 39 </property> 40 </bean> 41 <!--配置事物管理器 --> 42 <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> 43 <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property> 44 </bean> 45 <!-- 配置支持注解的事物 --> 46 <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> 47 <!--配置springData --> 48 <!--base-package:扫描Repository Bean所在的package --> 49 <jpa:repositories base-package="com.ntjr.springdata" 50 entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory" 51 transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"> 52 </jpa:repositories> 53 </beans>
applicationContext.xml
3.数据库持久类
1 package com.ntjr.springdata; 2 3 import java.util.Date; 4 5 import javax.persistence.Column; 6 import javax.persistence.Entity; 7 import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; 8 import javax.persistence.Id; 9 import javax.persistence.Table; 10 11 @Table(name = "JPA_PERSONS") 12 @Entity 13 public class Person { 14 15 private Integer id; 16 private String lastName; 17 18 private String email; 19 private Date birth; 20 21 @GeneratedValue 22 @Id 23 public Integer getId() { 24 return id; 25 } 26 27 public void setId(Integer id) { 28 this.id = id; 29 } 30 31 public String getLastName() { 32 return lastName; 33 } 34 35 @Column(name = "LAST_NAME") 36 public void setLastName(String lastName) { 37 this.lastName = lastName; 38 } 39 40 public String getEmail() { 41 return email; 42 } 43 44 public void setEmail(String email) { 45 this.email = email; 46 } 47 48 public Date getBirth() { 49 return birth; 50 } 51 52 public void setBirth(Date birth) { 53 this.birth = birth; 54 } 55 56 @Override 57 public String toString() { 58 return "Person [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email=" + email + ", birth=" + birth + "]"; 59 } 60 61 62 }
Person.java
4.DAO
1 package com.ntjr.springdata; 2 3 import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository; 4 5 /** 6 * 7 * 1、实现Repository接口 8 * 2、通过注解的方式@RepositoryDefinition将一个bean定义为Repository接口 9 */ 10 public interface PersonRepsitory extends Repository<Person, Integer> { 11 // 根据lastName获取对应的person 12 Person getByLastName(String lastName); 13 }
PersonRepository.java
5.测试
1 package com.ntjr.springdata.test; 2 3 import org.junit.Test; 4 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; 5 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 6 7 import com.ntjr.springdata.Person; 8 import com.ntjr.springdata.PersonRepsitory; 9 10 public class SpringDataTest { 11 12 private ApplicationContext ctx = null; 13 { 14 ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); 15 } 16 17 @Test 18 public void getPersonForLastName() { 19 PersonRepsitory personRepsitory = ctx.getBean(PersonRepsitory.class); 20 Person person = personRepsitory.getByLastName("AA"); 21 System.out.println(person); 22 } 23 24 25 26 }
SpringDataTest.java