串口操作需要注意的几点如下:
1、如果是USB转串口;则需要安装USB转串口驱动,附件有此驱动。
2、串口打开状态最好不要直接插拔串口,可能会导致中控板或者串口线烧坏。
3、使用串口调试工具CEIWEI,下一章节会贴上使用教程
简单的串口收发通信,有以下步骤:
1、打开制定的串口、绑定串口接收事件
2、初始化串口指令
3、发送串口指令
-------打开串口代码--------
/// <summary> /// 打开串口 /// </summary> /// <param name="strPortName">串口号</param> /// <param name="nRate">波特率</param> /// <param name="nDataBit">数据位</param> /// <param name="stopBits">停止位</param> /// /// <param name="nParity">校验位</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool OpenSerial(string strPortName, int nRate, int nDataBit, float nStopBits, int nParity) { //这里就是绑定串口接收回调事件,即发送一条串口命令,发送成功,则会触发此事件进入ReciceSerialData方法,我们就进行判断发送成功还是失败。 serial.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(ReciveSerialData); serial.PortName = strPortName;//串口号 serial.BaudRate = nRate;//波特率 float f = nStopBits;//停止位 if (f == 0) { serial.StopBits = StopBits.None; } else if (f == 1.5) { serial.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive; } else if (f == 1) { serial.StopBits = StopBits.One; } else { serial.StopBits = StopBits.Two; } serial.DataBits = nDataBit;//数据位 if (nParity == 0) //校验位 { serial.Parity = Parity.None; } else if (nParity == 1) { serial.Parity = Parity.Odd; } else if (nParity == 2) { serial.Parity = Parity.Even; } else { serial.Parity = Parity.None; } serial.ReadTimeout = 3000;//设置超时读取时间 serial.WriteTimeout = 500;//超时写入时间 try { if (!serial.IsOpen) { serial.Open(); } } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); return false; } return true; }
-------使用实例--------
//定义串口对象 private SerialPort serial = new SerialPort(); //在按钮Click事件里调用打开串口的方法,串口COM号参数以本机具体串口号为准,COM1除外,如果只有COM1则需要安装串口驱动,见附件 private void btnOpenSerial_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!OpenSerial("COM3", 115200, 8, 1, 0)) { //串口打开失败 MessageBox.Show("串口打开失败!"); } }
-------初始化串口命令、发送指令-------
注:我这个命令并不是通用的,是根据我这边的中控板协议;发对应的命令,但是其他中控板的命令格式也是差不多的
/// <summary> /// 初始化串口命令 /// </summary> /// <param name="nStaus">操作类型</param> public void InitialSerialCommand(int nStaus) { byte[] btyData = new byte[100]; btyData[0] = 0x5A; btyData[1] = 0x55; btyData[2] = 0x00; btyData[3] = 0x00; btyData[4] = 0x02; btyData[5] = 0xD1; btyData[6] = 0x00; btyData[7] = 0x18; btyData[8] = 0x6A; btyData[9] = 0x69; //开灯 if (nStaus == 0) { btyData[6] = 0x01; } //全关 else { btyData[6] = 0x00; } //发送指令 if (serial != null) { try { SerialWrite(0, btyData); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } } }
---------串口回调方法-----------
/// <summary> /// 接收数据事件 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void ReciveSerialData(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e) { try { if (serial.BytesToRead == 0) { return; } byte[] btyReciveData = new byte[serial.BytesToRead]; byte[] btyResoureData = new byte[btyReciveData.Length]; string strData = string.Empty; int intSp = serial.Read(btyReciveData, 0, btyReciveData.Length);//在此就可以读取到当前缓冲区内的数据 int i = 0; string[] hex = new string[] { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" }; for (i = 0; i < btyReciveData.Length; i++) { btyResoureData[i] = Convert.ToByte(("0x" + (hex[btyReciveData[i] / 16]).ToString() + (hex[btyReciveData[i] % 16]).ToString()), 16); } for (int a = 0; a < btyReciveData.Length; a++) { strData += btyResoureData[a].ToString("X2"); } //若串口命令发送成功,则会返回和发送指令一样的指令,我发送的指令是(5A55000002D101186A69 );返回的也是(5A55000002D101186A69 );则可以判定串口数据交互成功。 if (strData.IndexOf("5A55000002D101186A69") >= 0) { //发送成功 } } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } }
DEMO实例:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1DEMO.zip
串口驱动:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8.zip
串口调试工具:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7.zip
时间: 2024-10-10 18:21:08