CentOS 6.5 安装部署iSCSi共享存储
一、前言
1、什么是iSCSI?
iSCSI技术是一种由IBM公司研究开发的,是一个供硬件设备使用的可以在IP协议的上层运行的SCSI指令集,这种指令集合可以实现在IP网络上运行SCSI协议,使其能够在诸如高速千兆以太网上进行路由选择。iSCSI技术是一种新储存技术,该技术是将现有SCSI接口与以太网络(Ethernet)技术结合,使服务器可与使用IP网络的储存装置互相交换资料。
iSCSI:Internet 小型计算机系统接口 (iSCSI:Internet Small Computer System Interface)。
Internet 小型计算机系统接口(iSCSI)是一种基于 TCP/IP的协议,用来建立和管理 IP 存储设备、主机和客户机等之间的相互连接,并创建存储区域网络(SAN)。SAN 使得 SCSI 协议应用于高速数据传输网络成为可能,这种传输以数据块级别(block-level)在多个数据存储网络间进行。
SCSI 结构基于客户/服务器模式,其通常应用环境是:设备互相靠近,并且这些设备由 SCSI 总线连接。iSCSI 的主要功能是在 TCP/IP 网络上的主机系统(启动器 initiator)和存储设备(目标器 target)之间进行大量数据的封装和可靠传输过程。此外,iSCSI 提供了在 IP 网络封装 SCSI 命令,且运行在 TCP 上。
2、环境介绍:
本次部署由3台物理机实现,具体信息分别为以下:
a、iSCSI_Server:192.168.30.133
b、iSCSI_Client1:192.168.30.131
c、iSCSI_Client2:192.168.30.132
需要用到的软件为:
a、scsi-target-utils # 提供Server端服务
b、iscsi-initiator-utils #提供Client服务
二、安装部署服务端,即iSCSI_Server
1、在服务端创建可共享的磁盘或卷;这里就新添加一块新磁盘做为共享;
查看新添加的硬盘:
[[email protected]_Server ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000da3dcDevice Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVMPartition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000
2、对硬盘进行分区并创建LVM卷:
[[email protected]_Server ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x47756356. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won‘t be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It‘s strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command ‘c‘) and change display units to sectors (command ‘u‘). Command (m for help): p # 查看分区信息 Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x47756356 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help): n #新建一个分区 Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e # 新建一个逻辑分区 Partition number (1-4): 4 # 卷标为 4 First cylinder (1-20480, default 1): Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480): Using default value 20480Command (m for help): p # 查看信息 Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x47756356 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended Command (m for help): n # 新建逻辑卷 Command action l logical (5 or over) p primary partition (1-4) l # 选择l,逻辑卷 First cylinder (1-20480, default 1): Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480): Using default value 20480Command (m for help): p # 查看信息 Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x47756356 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended/dev/sdb5 1 20480 20971488 83 Linux Command (m for help): w # 保存 The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks [[email protected]_Server ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb # 使刚才的配置立即生效
[[email protected]_Server ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000da3dc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVMPartition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x47756356 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended/dev/sdb5 1 20480 20971488 83 Linux [[email protected]_Server ~]# cat /proc/partitionsmajor minor #blocks name8 0 31457280 sda8 1 512000 sda18 2 30944256 sda28 16 20971520 sdb8 20 1 sdb48 21 20971488 sdb5253 0 27795456 dm-0253 1 3145728 dm-1 #注:看到以上标黄的信息证明已经创建逻辑卷成功! 接下来创建LVM卷 [[email protected]_Server ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb5 # 创建PVPhysical volume "/dev/sdb5" successfully created[[email protected]_Server ~]# vgcreate kvmvg /dev/sdb5 # 创建VGVolume group "kvmvg" successfully created[[email protected]_Server ~]# lvcreate -L 19G -n kvmlv kvmvg # 创建LVLogical volume "kvmlv" created.[[email protected]_Server ~]# lvs # 查看LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convertlv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 26.51g lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 3.00g kvmlv kvmvg -wi-a----- 19.00g [[email protected]_Server ~]#
#注:看到以上标黄的信息证明已经创建成功!
3、安装服务端软件:scsi-target-utils
[[email protected]_Server ~]# yum -y install epel-release[[email protected]_Server ~]# yum -y install scsi-target-utils.x86_64
4、配置iSCSI服务:
[[email protected]_Server ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf#### 在 40行后添加以下信息#######<target iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi> backing-store /dev/kvmvg/kvmlv initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24</target>
注:
iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi : 为共享名
iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi :共享卷名及路径
initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24 :允许哪些地址访问
5、启动服务
[[email protected]_Server ~]# service tgtd start[[email protected]_Server ~]# chkconfig tgtd on[[email protected]_Server ~]# netstat -tnlt|grep 3260
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3260 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::3260 :::* LISTEN
6、添加防火墙规则
[[email protected]_Server ~]# iptables -I INPUT 4 -p tcp --dport 3260 -j ACCEPT [[email protected]_Server ~]# iptables-save[[email protected]_Server ~]# service iptables save[[email protected]_Server ~]# service iptables restart
三、安装Client
因为两台Client配置几乎一样,在此以Client1为例给大家演示具体部署过程
1、首先查看本地磁盘
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000da3dc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVMPartition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 28.5 GB, 28462546944 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3460 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000
# 可以看出只有一块磁盘
2、安装Client软件
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install epel-release[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64
3、启动服务
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# service iscsid start[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# chkconfig iscsid on
4、发现下iSCSI服务端
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.30.133192.168.30.133:3260,1 iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi
5、挂载该磁盘
a、加载磁盘
# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -lLogging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] (multiple)Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] successful.# echo "iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local"
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 20.4 GB, 20401094656 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 19456 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000
注:看到此信息表示已经加载成功
b、分区格式化
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdcmke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)/dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!Proceed anyway? (y,n) yFilesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size=4096 (log=2)Fragment size=4096 (log=2)Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks1245184 inodes, 4980736 blocks249036 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super userFirst data block=0Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296152 block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group8192 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]#
c、挂载到本地
[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# mount /dev/sdc /mnt[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# echo "mount /dev/sdc /mnt" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local [[email protected]_Client_1 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 26G 2.6G 23G 11% /tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm/dev/sda1 477M 52M 400M 12% /boot/dev/sdc 19G 44M 18G 1% /mnt[[email protected]_Client_1 ~]#
Client_1的所有配置已经配置完成,Client_2配置与Client_1基本相同,只是Client_2不需要再分区格式化了,直接加载及挂载就可以!
好了,部署已经全部完成,如果什么问题可以回复或发邮件到:[email protected]