HDU 4734 —— F(x)

F(x)

Time Limit:500MS     Memory Limit:32768KB     64bit IO Format:%I64d & %I64u

Description

For a decimal number x with n digits (A _nA _n-1A _n-2 ... A ₂A ₁), we define its weight as

F(x) = A _n * 2 ^n-1 + A _n-1 * 2 ^n-2 + ... + A ₂ * 2 + A ₁ * 1. Now you are given two numbers A and B, please calculate how many numbers are there between 0 and B, inclusive, whose weight is no more than F(A).

Input

The first line has a number T (T <= 10000) , indicating the number of test cases. 
For each test case, there are two numbers A and B (0 <= A,B < 10 ⁹)

Output

For every case,you should output "Case #t: " at first, without quotes. The t is the case number starting from 1. Then output the answer.

Sample Input

3

0 100

1 10

5 100

Sample Output

Case #1: 1

Case #2: 2

Case #3: 13

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int b[10], num[10];
int dp[10][4605];

int dfs(int u, int f, bool limit)
{
    if(u < 1)    return 1;
    if(!limit && dp[u][f] != -1)    return dp[u][f];

    int maxn = limit ? b[u] : 9;
    int ret = 0, cur;

    for(int i=0; i<=maxn; i++) {
        cur = f - i*(1<<u-1);
        if(cur > 0) {
            ret += dfs(u-1, cur, limit && i==maxn);
        } else if(cur == 0) {
            ret += 1;
        }
    }

    if(!limit)    dp[u][f] = ret;
    return ret;
}

int f(int n, int a)
{
    int lenb=0;
    memset(b, 0, sizeof(b));
    while(n) {
        b[++lenb] = n%10;
        n /= 10;
    }
    return dfs(lenb, a, 1);
}

int main ()
{
    num[0] = 1;
    for(int i=1; i<10; i++) {
        num[i] = num[i-1] * 10;
    }

    int T, A, B;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    memset(dp, -1, sizeof(dp));
    for(int kase=1; kase<=T; kase++) {
        scanf("%d%d", &A, &B);
        int base = 1, F=0;
        while(A) {
            F += base * (A % 10);

            base <<= 1;
            A /= 10;
        }
        printf("Case #%d: %d\n", kase, f(B, F));
    }
    return 0;
}