因为Uri代表了要操作的数据,所以我们很经常需要解析Uri,并从Uri中获取数据。Android系统提供了两个用于操作Uri的工具类,分别为UriMatcher 和ContentUris 。掌握它们的使用,会便于我们的开发工作。
UriMatcher:用于匹配Uri,它的用法如下:
1.首先把你需要匹配Uri路径全部给注册上,如下:
Java代码:
- //常量UriMatcher.NO_MATCH表示不匹配任何路径的返回码(-1)。
- UriMatcher uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
- //如果match()方法匹配content:.sqlite.provider.contactprovider/contact路径,返回匹配码为1
- uriMatcher.addURI(“com.changcheng.sqlite.provider.contactprovider”, “contact”, 1);
- //添加需要匹配uri,如果匹配就会返回匹配码
- //如果match()方法匹配 content.sqlite.provider.contactprovider/contact/230路径,返回匹配码为2
- uriMatcher.addURI(“com.changcheng.sqlite.provider.contactprovider”, “contact/#”, 2);
- //#号为通配符
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2.注册完需要匹配的Uri后,就可以使用uriMatcher.match(uri)方法对输入的Uri进行匹配,如果匹配就返回匹配码,匹配码是调用addURI()方法传入的第三个参数,假设匹配
content:.sqlite.provider.contactprovider/contact路径,返回的匹配码为1。
ContentUris:用于获取Uri路径后面的ID部分,它有两个比较实用的方法:
withAppendedId(uri, id)用于为路径加上ID部分parseId(uri)方法用于从路径中获取ID部分
ContentResolver:当
外部应用需要对ContentProvider中的数据进行添加、删除、修改和查询操作时,可以使用ContentResolver
类来完成,要获取ContentResolver 对象,可以使用Activity提供的getContentResolver()方法。
ContentResolver使用insert、delete、update、query方法,来操作数据。
ContentProvider示例程序
我们为昨天的SQLite示例程序添加一个ContentProvider,供其他应用来访问我们的数据。
1.为SQLite示例程序添加ContentProvider类
Java代码:
- package eoe.sqlite.provider;
- import com.changcheng.sqlite.MyOpenHelper;
- import android.content.ContentProvider;
- import android.content.ContentUris;
- import android.content.ContentValues;
- import android.content.UriMatcher;
- import android.database.Cursor;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
- import android.net.Uri;
- public class ContactContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
- // 通过UriMatcher匹配外部请求
- private static UriMatcher uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
- // 通过openHelper进行数据库读写
- private MyOpenHelper openHelper;
- // 匹配状态常量
- private static final int CONTACT_LIST = 1;
- private static final int CONTACT = 2;
- // 表名
- private static final String tableName = "contacts";
- // 添加Uri
- static {
- uriMatcher.addURI("com.changcheng.sqlite.provider", "contact",CONTACT_LIST);
- uriMatcher.addURI("com.changcheng.sqlite.provider", "contact/#",CONTACT);
- }
- @Override
- public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
- SQLiteDatabase db = this.openHelper.getWritableDatabase();
- int result;
- switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case CONTACT_LIST:
- result = db.delete(tableName, selection, selectionArgs);
- break;
- case CONTACT:
- long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);
- String where = "_id=" + id;
- if (selection != null && !"".equals(selection)) {
- where = where + " and " + selection;
- }
- result = db.delete(tableName, where, selectionArgs);
- break;
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri IllegalArgument:" + uri);
- }
- return result;
- }
- @Override
- public String getType(Uri uri) {
- switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case CONTACT_LIST:// 集合类型必须在前面加上vnd.android.cursor.dir/
- return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/contactlist";
- case CONTACT:// 非集合类型必须在前面加上vnd.android.cursor.item/
- return "vnd.android.cursor.item/contact";
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri IllegalArgument:" + uri);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
- SQLiteDatabase db = this.openHelper.getWritableDatabase();
- long id;
- switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case CONTACT_LIST:
- // 因为后台需要生成SQL语句,当values为null时,必须提第二个参数。生成的SQL语句才不会出错!
- id = db.insert(tableName, "_id", values);
- return ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, id);
- case CONTACT:
- id = db.insert(tableName, "_id", values);
- String uriPath = uri.toString();
- String path = uriPath.substring(0, uriPath.lastIndexOf("/")) + id;
- return Uri.parse(path);
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri IllegalArgument:" + uri);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public boolean onCreate() {
- this.openHelper = new MyOpenHelper(this.getContext());
- return true;
- }
- @Override
- public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
- String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
- SQLiteDatabase db = this.openHelper.getWritableDatabase();
- switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case CONTACT_LIST:
- return db.query(tableName, projection, selection, selectionArgs,null, null, sortOrder);
- case CONTACT:
- long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);
- String where = "_id=" + id;
- if (selection != null && !"".equals(selection)) {
- where = where + " and " + selection;
- }
- return db.query(tableName, projection, where, selectionArgs, null,null, sortOrder);
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri IllegalArgument:" + uri);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,String[] selectionArgs) {
- SQLiteDatabase db = this.openHelper.getWritableDatabase();
- int result;
- switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case CONTACT_LIST:
- result = db.update(selection, values, selection, selectionArgs);
- break;
- case CONTACT:
- long id = ContentUris.parseId(uri);
- String where = "_id=" + id;
- if (selection != null && !"".equals(selection)) {
- where = where + " and " + selection;
- }
- result = db.update(tableName, values, where, selectionArgs);
- break;
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Uri IllegalArgument:" + uri);
- }
- return result;
- }
- }
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Android中的UriMatcher、ContentUrist和ContentResolver