1. Jdbc的六个编程步骤
1. 注册一个驱动
注册驱动程序有三种方式:
方式一:Class.forName(“oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver”);
JAVA 规范中明确规定:所有的驱动程序必须在静态初始化代码块中将驱动
注册到驱动程序管理器中。
方式二:Driver drv = new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver();
DriverManager.registerDriver(drv);
方式三:编译时在虚拟机中加载驱动
javac –Djdbc.drivers = oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver xxx.java
java –D jdbc.drivers=驱动全名 类名
使用系统属性名,加载驱动 -D 表示为系统属性赋值
附 : mysql 的 Driver 的全名 com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
SQLServer 的 Driver 的全名 com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver
2. 取得一个连接
Conn = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURL,userName,password);
3. 获得一个Statement声明对象
Statement st = conn.createStatement();
PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
CallableStatemetn cs = conn.prepareCall(sql);
4. 通过Statement对象执行Sql语句
sta.execute(String sql); 如果返回一个结果集则返回true,否则返回false。
sta.executeQuery(String sql);返回一个查询结果集。
sta.executeUpdate(String sql);返回值为 int 型,表示影响记录的条数。
将 sql 语句通过连接发送到数据库中执行,以实现对数据库的操作。
5. 若有结果集ResultSet则处理结果集
ResultSetMetaDate rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
While(rs.next()){
for(int i = 1; i <= columnCount; i++)
{
if(i != 1) System.out.print(",");
String name = rsmd.getColumnName(i); //取得第i列的列名称
String value = rs.getString(i); //取得第i列的值
System.out.print(name + "=" + value);
}
}
6. 关闭资源
2. 第一个Jdbc程序
[java] view plaincopyprint?
- public class AccountDaoBad
- {
- public void select()
- {
- Connection con = null;
- Statement st = null;
- ResultSet rs = null;
- try
- {
- Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
- /** static init block in OracleDriver*/
- String jdbcURL = “jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.5:1521:tarena”;
- con = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURL, "sd0703", "sd0703");
- st = con.createStatement();
- System.out.println(st.getFetchSize());
- String sql = "select id,no,owner,pwd,cdate,balance from sd0703_account";
- rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
- while(rs.next())
- {
- System.out.print("id=" + rs.getInt(1));
- System.out.print(",no=" + rs.getString(2));
- System.out.print(",owner=" + rs.getString(3));
- System.out.print(",pwd=" + rs.getString(4));
- System.out.print(",cdate=" + rs.getDate(5));
- System.out.println(",balance=" + rs.getDouble(6));
- }
- }catch(SQLException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
- }catch(ClassNotFoundException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessege());
- }finally
- {
- try{ con.close();}catch(Exception e) {e.printStatckTrace();}
- }
- }
public class AccountDaoBad { public void select() { Connection con = null; Statement st = null; ResultSet rs = null; try { Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"); /** static init block in OracleDriver*/ String jdbcURL = “jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.5:1521:tarena”; con = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURL, "sd0703", "sd0703"); st = con.createStatement(); System.out.println(st.getFetchSize()); String sql = "select id,no,owner,pwd,cdate,balance from sd0703_account"; rs = st.executeQuery(sql); while(rs.next()) { System.out.print("id=" + rs.getInt(1)); System.out.print(",no=" + rs.getString(2)); System.out.print(",owner=" + rs.getString(3)); System.out.print(",pwd=" + rs.getString(4)); System.out.print(",cdate=" + rs.getDate(5)); System.out.println(",balance=" + rs.getDouble(6)); } }catch(SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage()); }catch(ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessege()); }finally { try{ con.close();}catch(Exception e) {e.printStatckTrace();} } }
3. 常用类
1. Connection, Statement, ResultSet,
4. 2.0新特性
(1)事务管理与图片的存储
[java] view plaincopyprint?
- public class ImageLibraryService
- {
- public void addImage(long id, String imageName, String path) throws SQLException
- {
- Connection con = null;
- PreparedStatement ps = null;
- ResultSet rs = null;
- try
- {
- con = ConnectionFactory.getConnection();
- con.setAutoCommit(false);
- String sql = "insert into ImageLibrary(id, name, image)";
- sql += " VALUES(?, ?, empty_blob())";
- ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);
- ps.setLong(1, id);
- ps.setString(2, imageName);
- ps.executeUpdate();
- ps.close();
- ps = con.prepareStatement("select image from ImageLibrary WHERE id = ? for update ");
- ps.setLong(1, id);
- rs = ps.executeQuery();
- if (rs.next())
- {
- Blob image = rs.getBlob(1);
- OutputStream out = image.setBinaryStream(0);
- BufferedOutputStream bufferedOut = new BufferedOutputStream(out);
- BufferedInputStream bufferedIn = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(path));
- int c;
- while ((c = bufferedIn.read()) != -1)
- {
- bufferedOut.write(c);
- }
- bufferedIn.close();
- bufferedOut.close();
- }
- con.commit();
- } catch (Exception e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- try
- {
- con.rollback();
- } catch (SQLException se) { }
- throw new SQLException(e.getMessage());
- } finally
- {
- JdbcUtil.close(rs, ps, con);
- }
- }
- //以下代码没有进行细致的异常捕获
- public void restoreImage(long id, String filename) throws Exception
- {
- Connection con = ConnectionFactory.getConnection();
- Statement st = con.createStatement();
- String sql = "SELECT image From ImageLibrary Where id = " + id;
- ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
- while (rs.next())
- {
- Blob image = rs.getBlob("image");
- BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filename));
- BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(image.getBinaryStream());
- int c;
- while ((c = in.read()) != -1) out.write(c);
- in.close();
- out.close();
- }
- }
- }
public class ImageLibraryService { public void addImage(long id, String imageName, String path) throws SQLException { Connection con = null; PreparedStatement ps = null; ResultSet rs = null; try { con = ConnectionFactory.getConnection(); con.setAutoCommit(false); String sql = "insert into ImageLibrary(id, name, image)"; sql += " VALUES(?, ?, empty_blob())"; ps = con.prepareStatement(sql); ps.setLong(1, id); ps.setString(2, imageName); ps.executeUpdate(); ps.close(); ps = con.prepareStatement("select image from ImageLibrary WHERE id = ? for update "); ps.setLong(1, id); rs = ps.executeQuery(); if (rs.next()) { Blob image = rs.getBlob(1); OutputStream out = image.setBinaryStream(0); BufferedOutputStream bufferedOut = new BufferedOutputStream(out); BufferedInputStream bufferedIn = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(path)); int c; while ((c = bufferedIn.read()) != -1) { bufferedOut.write(c); } bufferedIn.close(); bufferedOut.close(); } con.commit(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); try { con.rollback(); } catch (SQLException se) { } throw new SQLException(e.getMessage()); } finally { JdbcUtil.close(rs, ps, con); } } //以下代码没有进行细致的异常捕获 public void restoreImage(long id, String filename) throws Exception { Connection con = ConnectionFactory.getConnection(); Statement st = con.createStatement(); String sql = "SELECT image From ImageLibrary Where id = " + id; ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql); while (rs.next()) { Blob image = rs.getBlob("image"); BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filename)); BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(image.getBinaryStream()); int c; while ((c = in.read()) != -1) out.write(c); in.close(); out.close(); } } }
(2)结果集游标的上下游动
[java] view plaincopyprint?
- con = ConnectionFactory.getConnection();
- st = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
- String sql = "select id,no,owner,pwd,cdate,balance from sd0703_account";
- rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
- rs.afterLast(); //将光标移动到此 ResultSet 对象的末尾,正好位于最后一行之后。
- while(rs.previous())
- {
- System.out.print("id=" + rs.getInt(1));
- System.out.print(",no=" + rs.getString(2));
- System.out.print(",owner=" + rs.getString(3));
- System.out.print(",pwd=" + rs.getString(4));
- System.out.print(",cdate=" + rs.getDate(5));
- System.out.println(",balance=" + rs.getDouble(6));
- }
con = ConnectionFactory.getConnection(); st = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY); String sql = "select id,no,owner,pwd,cdate,balance from sd0703_account"; rs = st.executeQuery(sql); rs.afterLast(); //将光标移动到此 ResultSet 对象的末尾,正好位于最后一行之后。 while(rs.previous()) { System.out.print("id=" + rs.getInt(1)); System.out.print(",no=" + rs.getString(2)); System.out.print(",owner=" + rs.getString(3)); System.out.print(",pwd=" + rs.getString(4)); System.out.print(",cdate=" + rs.getDate(5)); System.out.println(",balance=" + rs.getDouble(6)); }
注:ResultSet静态常量字段(参见javax.sql.ResultSet)
ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE
该常量指示可滚动但通常不受 ResultSet 底层数据更改影响的 ResultSet 对象的类型。
ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY
该常量指示不可以更新的 ResultSet 对象的并发模式。
http://www.cnblogs.com/smileallen/archive/2013/02/16/3391573.html