lspci通过系统总线查看硬件设备信息

lspci - 列出所有PCI设备

PCI 的科普：

PCI（Peripheral Component Interconnect），是一种连接电子计算机主板和外部设备的总线标准。

常见的PCI卡包括网卡、声卡、调制解调器、电视卡和磁盘控制器，还有USB和串口等端口。原本显卡通常也是PCI设备，但很快其带宽已不足以支持显卡的性能。PCI显卡现在仅用在需要额外的外接显示器或主板上没有AGP和PCI Express槽的情况。

先看下lspci执行的效果，可以查看到硬件信息：

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 04)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection I217-LM (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 04)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d4)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 (rev d4)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d4)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 04)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation QM87 Express LPC Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 04)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04)
03:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5227 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)
04:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8192EE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter

来几个简单的例子吧：

lspci -mm 　　machine-readable（怎么翻译？？）输出

$ lspci -mm
00:00.0 "Host bridge" "Intel Corporation" "Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller" -r06 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:02.0 "VGA compatible controller" "Intel Corporation" "4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller" -r06 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:03.0 "Audio device" "Intel Corporation" "Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller" -r06 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:14.0 "USB controller" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI" -r04 -p30 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:16.0 "Communication controller" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1" -r04 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:19.0 "Ethernet controller" "Intel Corporation" "Ethernet Connection I217-LM" -r04 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:1a.0 "USB controller" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2" -r04 -p20 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:1b.0 "Audio device" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller" -r04 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:1c.0 "PCI bridge" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1" -rd4 "" ""
00:1c.1 "PCI bridge" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2" -rd4 "" ""
00:1c.2 "PCI bridge" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3" -rd4 "" ""
00:1d.0 "USB controller" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1" -r04 -p20 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:1f.0 "ISA bridge" "Intel Corporation" "QM87 Express LPC Controller" -r04 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:1f.2 "SATA controller" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode]" -r04 -p01 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
00:1f.3 "SMBus" "Intel Corporation" "8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller" -r04 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
03:00.0 "Unassigned class [ff00]" "Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd." "RTS5227 PCI Express Card Reader" -r01 "Lenovo" "Device 2210"
04:00.0 "Network controller" "Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd." "RTL8192EE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter" "Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd." "Device 001b"

lspci -v | grep 8192　　查看详细信息（全部的话，信息太多，就用grep过滤下吧）：

$ lspci -v | grep 8192
04:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8192EE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
    Kernel driver in use: r8192ee

lspci -vv | grep 8192　　查看更详细信息（糗，这边2个没有区别）：

$ lspci -vv | grep 8192
04:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8192EE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
    Kernel driver in use: r8192ee

lpci -k　　查看每个硬件对应的驱动

$ lspci -k | grep 8192
04:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8192EE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
    Kernel driver in use: r8192ee

其他的比较深奥，暂时就不看了，今天还有很多命令需要科普呢。

参考：

PCI（维基）

Linux lspci查看硬件设备

lspci(8) - Linux man page