环境说明 ：
centos7.4 64位虚拟机
mysql5.7.21.tar.gz 编译安装需要虚拟机2G内存
[[email protected] ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
安装步骤如下：
1、安装依赖包：
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison libgcrypt perl make cmake
2、建立用户，授权安装目录和数据目录权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql/
mkdir /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
3、下载boost
5.7版本需要下载一个Boost C++ 1.59.0（这是一组扩充C++功能的经过同行评审（Peer-reviewed）且开放源代码程序库。大多数的函数为了能够以开放源代码、封闭项目的方式运作，而授权于Boost软件许可协议（Boost Software License）之下。）
# mkdir /usr/local/boost
# cd /usr/local/src/
# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
# tar -xvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
# mv boost_1_59_0/* /usr/local/boost/
4、编译安装mysql
# cd /usr/local/src
# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.21.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.7.21
# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost
# make
# make install
5、mysql执行命令加入系统环境变量
# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >>/etc/profile
# source /etc/profile
6、授权安装目录，初始化；
初始化完毕请注意打印信息会提示root用户的临时密码（最后一行）；
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.21]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] mysql-5.7.21]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[[email protected] bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/
2018-04-19T16:03:21.925384Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-04-19T16:03:22.973102Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-04-19T16:03:23.079720Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-04-19T16:03:23.138367Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 2fb233d4-43eb-11e8-ba3b-000c29783bcc.
2018-04-19T16:03:23.139384Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-04-19T16:03:23.140005Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: ioiqC=s(d8zq
7、修改my.cnf 配置文件
# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir = /data/mysql
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log
8、启动mysql
方法1：
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
# ps -ef |grep mysql
root 20321 1 0 17:26 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid
mysql 20461 20321 11 17:26 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql-error.log --pid-file=/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
方法2：
# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
9、输入执行初始化命令打印的最后一行临时密码，登陆数据库，第一次登陆提示要更改密码才可以进行操作；
# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> use mysql;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> set password for [email protected] = password('123456');
如果错过打印的临时密码，可以使用--skip-grant-tables 进行重新设置密码；
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/mofansheng/2110911