Android之控件使用

　　Android系统为我们提供了大量的控件，例如：开关控件、单选按钮、多选按钮、单选菜单等等，那么这些控件如何使用呢？本篇我将带领大家一道学习一下如何使用这些控件。所谓无图无真相，先让大家看一下效果图：

　　下面我们就一起学习一下这些控件的使用吧，首先是我们这边效果的布局文件：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >
    <LinearLayout
          android:id="@+id/lative"
          android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:background="#FF000000"
        >
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/Textview"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/hello_world"
        />
    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/Barfirst"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:max="100"
        android:visibility="gone"
        android:layout_width="200dip"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />

    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/Bartwo"
        android:visibility="gone"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/open"
        />
    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/reading"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:checked="true"
        android:text="@string/reading"
        />
    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/music"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/music"
        />
    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/youyong"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/youyong"
        />
    <RadioGroup
        android:id="@+id/radio"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        >
        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/nan"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:checked="true"
            android:text="@string/nan"
            />
        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/nv"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/nv"
            />
    </RadioGroup>
        <ToggleButton
            android:id="@+id/togbutton"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textOn="@string/biejingquit"
            android:textOff="@string/biejingopen"
            />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/first"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/xiayiye"
        />
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

　　下面是我们的主Activity，为了方便大家拷贝学习，我将各个控件的事件都添加了注释，大家一看应该就能明白，这里就不在赘述。

public class Activityone extends Activity {

    private Button mybutton;//打开进度条按钮
    private Button mybuttonfirst;//普通跳转按钮
    private ProgressBar mybarfirst;//进度条1
    private ProgressBar mybartwo;//进度条2
    private TextView mytext;//文本控件
    private CheckBox reading;//多选按钮
    private CheckBox music;//多选按钮
    private CheckBox youyong;//多选按钮
    private RadioButton nan;//单选按钮
    private RadioButton nv;//单选按钮
    private ToggleButton togbutton;//开关控件
    private LinearLayout lative;//主布局控件
    private int cont = 0;//记录进度条大小

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.All();//设置activity全屏显示
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_one);
        mybutton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
        mybuttonfirst=(Button)findViewById(R.id.first);
        mytext=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.Textview);
        mybarfirst=(ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.Barfirst);
        mybartwo=(ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.Bartwo);
        reading=(CheckBox)findViewById(R.id.reading);
        music=(CheckBox)findViewById(R.id.music);
        youyong=(CheckBox)findViewById(R.id.youyong);
        nan=(RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.nan);
        nv=(RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.nv);
        togbutton=(ToggleButton)findViewById(R.id.togbutton);
        lative=(LinearLayout)findViewById(R.id.lative);

        //开关点击事件管理
        togbutton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (togbutton.isChecked()) {
                    lative.setBackgroundColor(0xFFF3F3F3);
                }else{
                    lative.setBackgroundColor(0xFF000000);
                }
            }
        });

        //单选按钮
        nan.setOnClickListener(new myradiobuttonlistener());
        nv.setOnClickListener(new myradiobuttonlistener());

        //进度条开关管理
        mybutton.setOnClickListener(new mybuttonlistener());

        //多选按钮点击事件
        reading.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (((CheckBox) v).isChecked()) {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.reading, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });

        //多选按钮点击事件
        music.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (((CheckBox) v).isChecked()) {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.music, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });

        //多选按钮点击事件
        youyong.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (((CheckBox) v).isChecked()) {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.youyong, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });

        //普通跳转按钮点击事件管理
        mybuttonfirst.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(Activityone.this, Activitytwo.class);
                Activityone.this.startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }

    //进度条控制
    class mybuttonlistener implements OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            if(cont==0){
                mybarfirst.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                mybartwo.setVisibility(0);
                mytext.setText(R.string.addone);
                mybutton.setText(R.string.add);
            }else if(cont<=100){
                mybarfirst.setProgress(cont);
                mybarfirst.setSecondaryProgress(cont+10);
            }else{
                mybarfirst.setProgress(0);
                mybarfirst.setSecondaryProgress(0);
                mybarfirst.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                mybartwo.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                mytext.setText(R.string.hello_world);
                mybutton.setText(R.string.open);
                cont=-10;
            }
            cont+=10;
        }
    }

    //单选点击事件
    class myradiobuttonlistener implements OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            RadioButton rb = (RadioButton) v;//获得被点击的控件
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), rb.getText(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();//rb.getText()：得到被点击的选项
        }

    }

    //设置应用全屏显示
    private void All(){
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
    }

    //系统菜单（menu菜单）
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        menu.add(0, 1, 1, R.string.quit);
        menu.add(0, 2, 2, R.string.about);
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        if(item.getItemId()==1){
            //创建一个提示对话框
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(Activityone.this);//获得一个警戒对话框
            builder.setTitle(R.string.menu_quit);
            builder.setMessage(R.string.menu_mager);
            builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.menu_yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    finish();
                }
            });
            builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.menu_no, null);
            builder.show();
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

}

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}"
    >
    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:id="@+id/lineartwo"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        >
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/texttwo"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="@string/duihua"
        android:textSize="20dip"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/buttontwo1"
        android:text="@string/danxuan"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/buttontwo2"
        android:text="@string/duoxuan"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/buttontwo3"
        android:text="@string/liebiao"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/buttontwo4"
        android:text="自定义弹出窗口"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/buttontwo5"
        android:text="@string/xiayiye"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

　　下面是主Activity代码：

public class Activitytwo extends Activity{

    private Button mybutton1;//单选对话框
    private Button mybutton2;//多选对话框
    private Button mybutton3;//列表对话框
    private Button mybutton4;//自定义弹出对话框
    private Button mybutton5;//普通跳转按钮
    private String arr[]={"男","女","少年","青年","中年","老年","已婚","未婚","本科","硕士","博士"};

    private String brr[]={"游泳","听音乐","看书","打电脑游戏","书法","看电视","玩手机","唱歌","旅游","学习"};
    private boolean[] brrs={true,true,false,false,true,false,false,false,false,false};//与brr[]一一对应，true:默认被选择；false:默认不被选择

    private String crr[]={"北京","上海","天津","河南","湖南","湘潭","长沙","武汉","福建","澳门","香港","深圳","广州"};

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_two2);

        mybutton1=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttontwo1);
        mybutton2=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttontwo2);
        mybutton3=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttontwo3);
        mybutton5=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttontwo5);
        mybutton4=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttontwo4);

        //单选提示对话框
        mybutton1.setOnClickListener(new mybutton1listener());

        //多选提示对话框
        mybutton2.setOnClickListener(new mybutton2listener());

        //下拉提示对话框
        mybutton3.setOnClickListener(new mybutton3listener());

        //自定义弹出对话框
        mybutton4.setOnClickListener(new mybutton4listener());

        //普通跳转按钮
        mybutton5.setOnClickListener(new mybutton5listener());
    }

    //单选事件监听
    class mybutton1listener implements OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {

            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(Activitytwo.this);
            builder.setTitle(R.string.duoxuan);//设置标题
            builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);//设置图标
            builder.setSingleChoiceItems(arr , 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    Toast.makeText(Activitytwo.this, " "+"你选择的是："+arr[which], Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    //dialog.dismiss();
                }
            });//设置选择的内容
            builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.menu_yes, null);
            builder.show();
        }
    }

    //多选事件监听
    class mybutton2listener implements OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(Activitytwo.this);
            builder.setTitle(R.string.duoxuan);
            builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
            builder.setMultiChoiceItems(brr, brrs, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {

                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
                    for(int i=0;i<brr.length;i++){
                        if(i==which&&isChecked){
                            Toast.makeText(Activitytwo.this, " "+brr[i], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    }
                }
            });
            builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.menu_yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    dialog.dismiss();
                }
            });
            builder.show();
        }
    }

    //下拉列表事件监听
    class mybutton3listener implements OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(Activitytwo.this);
            builder.setTitle(R.string.liebiao);
            builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
            builder.setItems(crr, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    Toast.makeText(Activitytwo.this, " "+crr[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.menu_yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    dialog.dismiss();
                }
            });
            builder.show();
        }
    }

    class mybutton4listener implements OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(Activitytwo.this);

            builder.setTitle("登录窗口");
            builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);

            View login = Activitytwo.this.getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.info, null);//设置弹出窗口的视图
            builder.setView(login);
            final AlertDialog alerrt = builder.create();
            alerrt.show();
            Button button1 = (Button) login.findViewById(R.id.button1);
            button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    alerrt.dismiss();
                }
            });
        }
    }

    //普通跳转
    class mybutton5listener implements OnClickListener{

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Activitytwo.this,Activitythree.class);
            Activitytwo.this.startActivity(intent);
        }
    }
}

　　好了，关于Android控件使用的知识就为大家分享完毕，内容很简单，如有疑问可以留言讨论。新手学习，高手交流。