http://blog.csdn.net/abc8730866/article/details/69219992
轮廓特征属性及应用(七)—位置关系及轮廓匹配
1.计算点与轮廓的距离及位置关系——pointPolygonTest()
2.矩的计算——moments()
3.形状匹配(比较两个形状或轮廓间的相似度)——matchShapes()
先上ppt:
代码:1.计算点到轮廓的距离与位置关系
[cpp] view plain copy
- ///计算点到轮廓的距离与位置关系
- #include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
- using namespace cv;
- #include <iostream>
- using namespace std;
- int main()
- {
- //1.查找轮廓前的预处理
- Mat srcImg = imread("00.png",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
- Mat copyImg = srcImg.clone();
- cvtColor(srcImg,srcImg,CV_BGR2GRAY);
- threshold(srcImg,srcImg,100,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);//确保黑中找白
- imshow("thresh",srcImg);
- //2.查找轮廓
- vector<vector<Point>> contours;
- findContours(srcImg,contours,CV_RETR_EXTERNAL,CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);//最外层轮廓
- drawContours(copyImg, contours, -1, Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8);
- //3.计算点到轮廓的距离与位置关系
- Point2f p1(20, 20);
- circle(copyImg,p1,3,Scalar(0,0,255),-1,8);
- double a0 = pointPolygonTest(contours[0], p1, true);//true表示点到轮廓的距离
- double b0 = pointPolygonTest(contours[0], p1, false);//false表示计算点与轮廓的位置关系
- cout << "a0=" << a0 << endl;
- cout << "b0=" << b0 << endl;
- imshow("contours",copyImg);
- waitKey(0);
- return 0;
- }
运行结果:
代码:2.轮廓矩的计算
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- ///轮廓矩的计算
- #include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
- using namespace cv;
- #include <iostream>
- using namespace std;
- int main()
- {
- //1.查找轮廓前的预处理
- Mat srcImg = imread("00.png", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
- Mat copyImg = srcImg.clone();
- cvtColor(srcImg, srcImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);
- threshold(srcImg, srcImg, 100, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);//确保黑中找白
- imshow("thresh", srcImg);
- //2.查找轮廓
- vector<vector<Point>> contours;
- findContours(srcImg, contours, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);//最外层轮廓
- drawContours(copyImg, contours, -1, Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8);
- //3.轮廓矩的计算
- Moments moments0 = moments(contours[0],false);//计算轮廓矩
- cout << moments0.m00<< endl;//输出空间矩之一的m00
- imshow("contours", copyImg);
- waitKey(0);
- return 0;
- }
运行结果:
代码:3.形状匹配---比较两个形状或轮廓间的相似度
[cpp] view plain copy
- ///形状匹配---比较两个形状或轮廓间的相似度
- #include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
- using namespace cv;
- #include <iostream>
- using namespace std;
- int main()
- {
- //1.查找模版图像的轮廓
- Mat templateImg = imread("1.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
- Mat copyImg1 = templateImg.clone();
- cvtColor(templateImg, templateImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);
- threshold(templateImg, templateImg, 100, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);//确保黑中找白
- imshow("thresh1", templateImg);
- vector<vector<Point>> contours1;
- findContours(templateImg, contours1, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);//最外层轮廓
- drawContours(copyImg1, contours1, -1, Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8);
- //2.查找待测试图像的轮廓
- Mat testImg = imread("2.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
- Mat copyImg2 = testImg.clone();
- cvtColor(testImg, testImg, CV_BGR2GRAY);
- threshold(testImg, testImg, 100, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY);//确保黑中找白
- imshow("thresh2", testImg);
- vector<vector<Point>> contours2;
- findContours(testImg, contours2, CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_NONE);//最外层轮廓
- //3.形状匹配---比较两个形状或轮廓间的相似度
- for (int i = 0; i < contours2.size();i++)//遍历待测试图像的轮廓
- {
- //返回此轮廓与模版轮廓之间的相似度,a0越小越相似
- double a0 = matchShapes(contours1[0],contours2[i],CV_CONTOURS_MATCH_I1,0);
- cout << "模版轮廓与待测试图像轮廓" << i << "的相似度:" << a0 << endl;//输出两个轮廓间的相似度
- if (a0<0.1)//如果此轮廓与模版轮廓的相似度小于0.1
- {
- drawContours(copyImg2, contours2, i, Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, 8);//则在待测试图像上画出此轮廓
- }
- imshow("copyImg2", copyImg2);
- if (waitKey(0) == 27)//等待按键进行下一个轮廓,ESC则退出
- {
- cout << "ESC退出" << endl;
- break;
- }
- }
- waitKey(0);
- return 0;
- }
运行结果:
图像与轮廓的相似度匹配
http://blog.csdn.net/zt271675484/article/details/21305893
1 普通局
2 中心距:平移不变性
3 归一化中心距:缩放不变性
4 hu矩:旋转不变性
iplImage* img=cvload("xxxxx");
//计算普通局和中心距
CvMoments moment;
cvMoments(img,&moment,2);//第三个参数:>0 0/1组成图像
//计算hu矩
CVHuMoments humoment;
cvGetHuMoments(&moment,&humoment);
图像1---》hu矩
图像2---》hu矩
通过比较 图像1和2 的hu矩 --- 值越小 相似度就越大。
[cpp] view plain copy
- // contourMatch.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
- //
- #include "stdafx.h"
- #include "cv.h"
- #include "highgui.h"
- #include "cxcore.h"
- #include "cvaux.h"
- //www.opencvchina.com
- int main(int argc, char* argv[])
- {
- //产生一幅图像
- IplImage* src;
- src = cvCreateImage(cvSize(10,10),8,1);
- //图像初始值清零
- cvZero(src);
- //图像的前面5行5列赋值为255
- for(int yy=0;yy<5;yy++)
- {
- for(int xx=0;xx<5;xx++)
- {
- cvSetReal2D(src,yy,xx,255);
- }
- }
- double m00,m10,m01;
- //定义矩变量
- CvMoments moment;
- //计算原始矩和中心矩
- cvMoments(src,&moment,2);
- m00 = cvGetSpatialMoment(&moment,0,0);
- m10 = cvGetSpatialMoment(&moment,1,0);
- m01 = cvGetSpatialMoment(&moment,0,1);
- //计算质心坐标
- float x = (float)(m10/m00);
- float y = (float)(m01/m00);
- //定义hu矩变量
- CvHuMoments humoment;
- //计算hu矩
- cvGetHuMoments(&moment,&humoment);
- return 0;
- }
OPencv 比较hu矩的函数(已经封装的上述的运算)
CvSeq* contours1=通过函数获取img的轮廓 指针。
CvSeq* contours1=通过函数获取img的轮廓 指针。
double result=cvMatchShapes(contours1,contours2,1);//第三个参数 为比较的方式。 输出比较的相似度浮点值。
[cpp] view plain copy
- #pragma comment(lib,"cxcore.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib,"cv.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib,"highgui.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib,"ml.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib,"cvcam.lib")
- #pragma comment(lib,"cvaux.lib")
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <iostream>
- #include <cv.h>
- #include <cxcore.h>
- #include <highgui.h>
- using namespace std;
- CvSeq* getImageContous(IplImage* srcin)
- {
- IplImage*src;
- src=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(srcin),8,1);
- cvCopy(srcin,src);
- CvMemStorage* mem=cvCreateMemStorage(0);
- CvSeq* seq;
- if (!mem)
- {
- printf("mem is null");
- }
- cvThreshold(src,src,200,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);// 二值化
- cvFindContours(src,mem,&seq,sizeof(CvContour),CV_RETR_CCOMP);
- cvReleaseImage(&src);
- return seq;
- }
- int main()
- {
- IplImage* src1=cvLoadImage("img//contour.jpg",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);
- CvSeq* contours1=getImageContous(src1);
- IplImage* src2=cvLoadImage("img//carno//2.bmp",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE);
- CvSeq* contours2=getImageContous(src2);
- double result=cvMatchShapes(contours1,contours2,1);
- printf("%f \n",result);
- cvWaitKey(0);
- //release
- cvReleaseImage(&src1);
- cvReleaseImage(&src2);
- return 0;
- }
-
#include "cv.h"
#include "cxcore.h"
#include "highgui.h"
#include <iostream>
#include "function.h"
int
MatchContour(
int
argc,
char
** argv)
{
IplImage *Src1=cvLoadImage(
"e:\\picture\\jiantou.jpg"
,0);
IplImage *Src2=cvLoadImage(
"e:\\picture\\jiantou2.jpg"
,0);
IplImage *BinaryImage1=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(Src1),Src1->depth,1);
IplImage *BinaryImage2=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(Src2),Src2->depth,1);
IplImage *SrcColor1=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(Src1),Src1->depth,3);
IplImage *SrcColor2=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(Src2),Src2->depth,3);
cvThreshold(Src1,BinaryImage1,100,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);
cvThreshold(Src2,BinaryImage2,100,255,CV_THRESH_BINARY);
CvMemStorage* storage1=cvCreateMemStorage(0);
CvMemStorage* storage2=cvCreateMemStorage(0);
CvSeq* ContourSeq1=NULL;
CvSeq* ContourSeq2=NULL;
cvFindContours(BinaryImage1,storage1,&ContourSeq1,
sizeof
(CvContour));
cvFindContours(BinaryImage2,storage2,&ContourSeq2,
sizeof
(CvContour));
cvCvtColor(Src1,SrcColor1,CV_GRAY2BGR);
cvCvtColor(Src2,SrcColor2,CV_GRAY2BGR);
cvDrawContours(
return
0;
}