这篇文章是在SpringMVC的基础上对数据持久层JPA的整合,实现了应用层和数据库的数据交互。在整合JPA前,请先参照下面第一篇博文搭建好SpringMVC框架。
一. 和本篇博文相关的一些基础知识请参考下面几篇博文:
- SpringMVC框架的搭建和配置详解请参考:http://blog.csdn.net/jianyuerensheng/article/details/51258942。
- JPA的ORM框架原理介绍请参考:http://blog.csdn.net/jianyuerensheng/article/details/50804360。
- JPA生命周期、映射关系详解请参考:http://blog.csdn.net/jianyuerensheng/article/details/50819155。
二.JAP的配置过程:
项目整体结构如下:
1.在web.xml文件中进行配置
<!-- 引入 applicationContext.xml配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:META-INF/spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 解决JPA因EntityManager关闭导致的延迟加载例外(异常) -->
<filter>
<filter-name>Spring OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Spring OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
2. 添加Spring上下文配置文件applicationContext.xml.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd ">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zjn.service" />
<bean id="configProperties"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath*:META-INF/spring/*.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="properties" ref="configProperties"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 当 Spring 容器启动时,AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor 将扫描 Spring 容器中所有
Bean,当发现 Bean 中拥有@Autowired 注释时就找到和其匹配(默认按类型匹配)的 Bean,并注入到对应的地方中去。 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />
<!-- Jpa 事务配置 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"
id="transactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<!--jpaVendorAdapter:指定实现JPA的适配器 -->
<bean id="jpaVendorAdapter"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="showSql" value="true" />
<property name="database" value="${database}" />
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLMyISAMDialect" />
</bean>
<!-- JPA实体管理工厂的配置 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
id="entityManagerFactory">
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="persistenceUnit" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="jpaVendorAdapter" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${database.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${database.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${database.password}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="true" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="true" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="1800000" />
<property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="3" />
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="1800000" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" />
</bean>
<!-- Spring Data Jpa配置 -->
<jpa:repositories base-package="com.zjn.repository"
entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"></jpa:repositories>
</beans>
3. 添加JPA配置文件 persistence.xml。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="persistenceUnit"
transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="30" />
<property name="hibernate.use_sql_comments" value="true" />
<!--自动输出schema创建DDL语句 -->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
<property name="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy" value="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy" />
<property name="hibernate.connection.charSet" value="UTF-8" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
4. 数据库配置文件 database.properties
database=MYSQL
database.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring?zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8
database.username=root
database.password=smit0296139
database.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
5.UserRepository.java
package com.zjn.repository;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
import com.zjn.entity.User;
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
@Query("select u from User u where id = :id")
public User findById(@Param("id") Long id);
@Query("select u from User u ")
public List<User> findAlls();
@Query("select count(id) from User u ")
public Long countId();
}
6.UserController.java
package com.zjn.controller;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.zjn.entity.User;
import com.zjn.repository.UserRepository;
/**
* 用户管理
*
* @author zjn
*/
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
UserRepository userRepository;
@RequestMapping("")
public String Create(Model model) {
return "create";
}
@RequestMapping("/save")
public String Save(@ModelAttribute("form") User user, Model model) { // user:视图层传给控制层的表单对象;model:控制层返回给视图层的对象
User user2 = userRepository.saveAndFlush(user);
model.addAttribute("user", user2);
return "detail";
}
}
7.运行结果
初始化界面:
输入内容:
点击创建运行结果:
时间: 2024-10-10 11:07:56