有一批windows系统需要监控,无论是zabbix、nagios都需要安装相关插件,操作起来比较麻烦。
python的psutil模块可以跨平台监控linux、windows、mac等,于是使用python写监控脚本,然后利用py2exe工具将其打包成exe后,直接将其放到windows下直接运行即可。
1.安装python2.7(32位)
在https://www.python.org/downloads/ 下载适合系统的python
安装后修改环境变量,“系统变量”----PATH最后添加“C:\Python27”
2.安装psutil模块(32位)
在https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil 下载适合系统的psutil
在安装前需要先注册python2.7,否则会报错。
编辑注册脚本register.py
# # script to register Python 2.0 or later for use with win32all # and other extensions that require Python registry settings # # written by Joakim Loew for Secret Labs AB / PythonWare # # source: # http://www.pythonware.com/products/works/articles/regpy20.htm # # modified by Valentine Gogichashvili as described in http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg10512.html import sys from _winreg import * # tweak as necessary version = sys.version[:3] installpath = sys.prefix regpath = "SOFTWARE\\Python\\Pythoncore\\%s\\" % (version) installkey = "InstallPath" pythonkey = "PythonPath" pythonpath = "%s;%s\\Lib\\;%s\\DLLs\\" % ( installpath, installpath, installpath ) def RegisterPy(): try: reg = OpenKey(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, regpath) except EnvironmentError as e: try: reg = CreateKey(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, regpath) SetValue(reg, installkey, REG_SZ, installpath) SetValue(reg, pythonkey, REG_SZ, pythonpath) CloseKey(reg) except: print "*** Unable to register!" return print "--- Python", version, "is now registered!" return if (QueryValue(reg, installkey) == installpath and QueryValue(reg, pythonkey) == pythonpath): CloseKey(reg) print "=== Python", version, "is already registered!" return CloseKey(reg) print "*** Unable to register!" print "*** You probably have another Python installation!" if __name__ == "__main__": RegisterPy()
启动dos,在register.py所在目录下运行python register.py。
执行完成后,系统会提示“ Python 2.7 is already registered!”
3.编写监控脚本(在此只监控CPU,内存,硬盘的使用率或空闲率,若有其他需要请自己完善)
psutil相关使用文档请参考http://pythonhosted.org/psutil/
#coding=utf8 import psutil cpu = {'user' : 0, 'system' : 0, 'idle' : 0, 'percent' : 0} mem = {'total' : 0, 'avaiable' : 0, 'percent' : 0, 'used' : 0, 'free' : 0} #磁盘名称 disk_id = [] #将每个磁盘的total used free percent 分别存入到相应的list disk_total = [] disk_used = [] disk_free = [] disk_percent = [] #获取CPU信息 def get_cpu_info(): cpu_times = psutil.cpu_times() cpu['user'] = cpu_times.user cpu['system'] = cpu_times.system cpu['idle'] = cpu_times.idle cpu['percent'] = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=2) #获取内存信息 def get_mem_info(): mem_info = psutil.virtual_memory() mem['total'] = mem_info.total mem['available'] = mem_info.available mem['percent'] = mem_info.percent mem['used'] = mem_info.used mem['free'] = mem_info.free #获取磁盘 def get_disk_info(): for id in psutil.disk_partitions(): if 'cdrom' in id.opts or id.fstype == '': continue disk_name = id.device.split(':') s = disk_name[0] disk_id.append(s) disk_info = psutil.disk_usage(id.device) disk_total.append(disk_info.total) disk_used.append(disk_info.used) disk_free.append(disk_info.free) disk_percent.append(disk_info.percent) if __name__ == '__main__': get_cpu_info() cpu_status = cpu['percent'] print u"CPU使用率: %s %%" % cpu_status get_mem_info() mem_status = mem['percent'] print u"内存使用率: %s %%" % mem_status get_disk_info() for i in range(len(disk_id)): print u'%s盘空闲率: %s %%' % (disk_id[i],100 - disk_percent[i]) raw_input("Enter enter key to exit...")
执行结果如下:
4.打包python脚本
要想监控脚本在其他windows上运行需要安装python环境,但我们可以将监控脚本打包成exe程序发布,只要运行exe程序就能够执行,如何实现呢?
(1)安装打包程序py2exe-0.6.9.win32-py2.7.exe
在http://sourceforge.net/projects/py2exe/files/py2exe/0.6.9/ 下载相应的版本
下载后直接安装即可
(2)编写一个简单的编译脚本setup_py2exe.py
from distutils.core import setup import py2exe setup(console=["monitor.py"])
(3)打包
进入dos,在setup_py2exe.py所在的目录运行python setup_py2exe.py py2exe
运行后会在当前目录生成两个文件夹:build和disk,build里面的是一些中间文件可以不用理会,dist里面会产生monitor.exe及其他文件,monitor.exe就是我们需要运行的exe程序,我们需要将dist文件夹发布。
注意:当我们将dist文件夹发布到其他windows机器后,直接运行monitor.exe后,有可能会报错“由于应用程序配置不正确,应用程序未能启动”。这是由于py2exe打包的程序需要9.0.21022.8这个版本的MSVCR90.DLL,我们可以从网上下载并将其放到dist目录下一起发布。另除了9.0.21022.8这个版本的MSVCR90.DLL外,我们还需要Microsoft.VC90.CRT.manifest文件放在dist目录。
Microsoft.VC90.CRT.manifest如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?> <assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0"> <noInheritable></noInheritable> <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.CRT" version="9.0.21022.8" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b"></assemblyIdentity> <file name="msvcr90.dll" /> </assembly>
ok,我们再次将dist目录发布到其他windows服务器上,运行monitor.exe程序即可。
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