继续我们的看实例学习abap面向对象编程.
在此次的例子中,我们以雇员的工资为蓝图,设计一个程序,然后再一步一步的改进我们写的程序,使其有更好的扩展性以及维护性.
该例中所使用的基类是employee类,其子类包括:boss类,不管工作多长时间,他总是有固定的周薪(好爽!).销售员类commission worker,他的收入是一小部分工资加上销售额的一定提成.计件工类piece worker,他的收入取决于生产的计件数量.
我会列出代码,基本上是一节一个类,最后是这些类的测试程序.
先给出类图如下:
**第一节:employee类的实现** *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Include ZBOBO_OO_EMPLOYEE_CLASS *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *定义一个基类,该类为抽象类,不能直接实例化,必须在对象中实例化 CLASS EMPLOYEE DEFINITION ABSTRACT. PUBLIC SECTION. METHODS: *定义构造方法,有两个参数,分别为姓,名 CONSTRUCTOR IMPORTING A TYPE STRING B TYPE STRING, *定义getter方法,分别得到姓名 GETFIRSTNAME RETURNING VALUE(FI) TYPE STRING, GETLASTNAME RETURNING VALUE(LA) TYPE STRING, *定义两个抽象方法,因为各种employee的收入结构不同,必须在其子类中 *实例化 EARNINGS ABSTRACT RETURNING VALUE(EARN) TYPE F, PRINT ABSTRACT. PRIVATE SECTION. *定义private变量,该变量不能在子类中使用 DATA: FIRST_NAME TYPE STRING, LAST_NAME TYPE STRING. ENDCLASS. *类的实现 CLASS EMPLOYEE IMPLEMENTATION. *初始化类 METHOD CONSTRUCTOR. FIRST_NAME = A. LAST_NAME = B. ENDMETHOD. *实现两getter方法 METHOD GETFIRSTNAME. FI = FIRST_NAME. ENDMETHOD. METHOD GETLASTNAME. LA = LAST_NAME. ENDMETHOD. ENDCLASS. **第二节:boss类的实现** *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Include ZBOBO_OO_BOSS_CLASS *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *定义boss类,该类从employee中继承 CLASS BOSS DEFINITION INHERITING FROM EMPLOYEE. PUBLIC SECTION. METHODS: *定义构造函数,初始化对象 CONSTRUCTOR IMPORTING BOSS_A TYPE STRING BOSS_B TYPE STRING S TYPE F, *定义boss类的方法(setter方法) SETWEEKLYSALARY IMPORTING WS TYPE F, *实现基类中的抽象方法,因为boss类有自己的工资结构 *所以在此部分实现 EARNINGS REDEFINITION, PRINT REDEFINITION. PRIVATE SECTION. DATA: WEEKLYSALARY TYPE F. ENDCLASS. CLASS BOSS IMPLEMENTATION. METHOD CONSTRUCTOR. *调用父类的构造函数 CALL METHOD SUPER->CONSTRUCTOR EXPORTING A = BOSS_A B = BOSS_B. *根据新的传入变量,设置boss类私有实例变量 WEEKLYSALARY = S. ENDMETHOD. *setter方法的实现 METHOD SETWEEKLYSALARY. WEEKLYSALARY = WS. ENDMETHOD. *定义工资以及输出的实现 METHOD EARNINGS. EARN = WEEKLYSALARY. ENDMETHOD. METHOD PRINT. DATA: FIRST TYPE STRING, LAST TYPE STRING. FIRST = GETFIRSTNAME( ). LAST = ME->GETLASTNAME( ). WRITE: / 'Boss name is:',LAST,FIRST. ENDMETHOD. ENDCLASS. **第三节:commission worker类的实现** *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Include ZBOBO_OO_COMWORKER_CLASS *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *定义commission worker类,他的收入是一小部分基本工资加上销售额的 *一定的百分比 CLASS COMMISSIONWORKER DEFINITION INHERITING FROM EMPLOYEE. PUBLIC SECTION. METHODS: *定义构造函数 CONSTRUCTOR IMPORTING A TYPE STRING B TYPE STRING C TYPE F D TYPE F E TYPE I, *定义setter以及getter方法 SETSALARY IMPORTING S TYPE F, GETSALARY RETURNING VALUE(SA) TYPE F, SETCOMMISSION IMPORTING C TYPE F, SETQUANTITY IMPORTING Q TYPE I, *重定义父类的抽象方法 EARNINGS REDEFINITION, PRINT REDEFINITION. PRIVATE SECTION. *定义私有实例变量 DATA: SALARY TYPE F, COMMISSION TYPE F, QUANTITY TYPE I. ENDCLASS. *实现commission worker类 CLASS COMMISSIONWORKER IMPLEMENTATION. METHOD CONSTRUCTOR. CALL METHOD SUPER->CONSTRUCTOR EXPORTING A = A B = B. SALARY = C. COMMISSION = D. QUANTITY = E. ENDMETHOD. METHOD SETSALARY. SALARY = S. ENDMETHOD. METHOD GETSALARY. SA = SALARY. ENDMETHOD. METHOD SETCOMMISSION. COMMISSION = C. ENDMETHOD. METHOD SETQUANTITY. QUANTITY = Q. ENDMETHOD. *实现工资的算法 METHOD EARNINGS. EARN = SALARY + COMMISSION * QUANTITY. ENDMETHOD. *实现输出方法 METHOD PRINT. DATA: FI TYPE STRING, LA TYPE STRING. WRITE: / 'Commission Worker:'. FI = GETFIRSTNAME( ). LA = GETLASTNAME( ). WRITE: FI,LA. ENDMETHOD. ENDCLASS. **第四节:piece worker类的实现** *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Include ZBOBO_OO_PIWORKER_CLASS *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *定义piece worker类,他的工资取决于他生产的计件数量 CLASS PIWORKER DEFINITION INHERITING FROM EMPLOYEE. PUBLIC SECTION. METHODS: *定义构造函数 CONSTRUCTOR IMPORTING A TYPE STRING B TYPE STRING W TYPE F Q TYPE I, *setter方法 SETWAGE IMPORTING W TYPE F, SETQUANTITY IMPORTING Q TYPE I, *实例化抽象方法 EARNINGS REDEFINITION, PRINT REDEFINITION. PRIVATE SECTION. DATA: WAGE TYPE F, QUAN TYPE I. ENDCLASS. CLASS PIWORKER IMPLEMENTATION. METHOD CONSTRUCTOR. CALL METHOD SUPER->CONSTRUCTOR EXPORTING A = A B = B. WAGE = W. QUAN = Q. ENDMETHOD. METHOD SETWAGE. WAGE = W. ENDMETHOD. METHOD SETQUANTITY. QUAN = Q. ENDMETHOD. *计算工资 METHOD EARNINGS. EARN = QUAN * WAGE. ENDMETHOD. *重定义输出方法 METHOD PRINT. DATA: FI TYPE STRING,LA TYPE STRING. WRITE: / 'Piece Worker:'. FI = GETFIRSTNAME( ). LA = GETLASTNAME( ). WRITE: FI,LA. ENDMETHOD. ENDCLASS. **第五节:测试程序的实现** *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& Report ZBOBO_OO_SAPLINK_004 *& *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *& *& *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* REPORT ZBOBO_OO_SAPLINK_004. INCLUDE ZBOBO_OO_EMPLOYEE_CLASS. INCLUDE ZBOBO_OO_BOSS_CLASS. INCLUDE ZBOBO_OO_COMWORKER_CLASS. INCLUDE ZBOBO_OO_PIWORKER_CLASS. *定义引用变量 DATA: EM_REF TYPE REF TO EMPLOYEE, BO_REF TYPE REF TO BOSS, CO_REF TYPE REF TO COMMISSIONWORKER, PI_REF TYPE REF TO PIWORKER. DATA: EARNS TYPE F. START-OF-SELECTION. *创建boss对象 CREATE OBJECT BO_REF EXPORTING BOSS_A = 'Jhon' BOSS_B = 'Smith' S = '800.00'. *narrowing cast EM_REF = BO_REF. *输出到屏幕 CALL METHOD EM_REF->PRINT. EARNS = EM_REF->EARNINGS( ). WRITE: / 'Earned: $',EARNS DECIMALS 2 EXPONENT 0. *下面的代码基本上和上面的相同 CREATE OBJECT CO_REF EXPORTING A = 'Sue' B = 'Jones' C = '800.00' D = '3.0' E = 150. EM_REF = CO_REF. CALL METHOD EM_REF->PRINT. EARNS = EM_REF->EARNINGS( ). WRITE: / 'Earned: $',EARNS DECIMALS 2 EXPONENT 0. CREATE OBJECT PI_REF EXPORTING A = 'BOB' B = 'LEWIS' W = '2.5' Q = 200. EM_REF = PI_REF. CALL METHOD EM_REF->PRINT. EARNS = EM_REF->EARNINGS( ). WRITE: / 'Earned: $',EARNS DECIMALS 2 EXPONENT 0.
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/13867077/2141978
时间： 2024-08-30 10:44:31