[LeetCode]72. 编辑距离(DP)

题目

给定两个单词?word1 和?word2,计算出将?word1?转换成?word2 所使用的最少操作数?。

你可以对一个单词进行如下三种操作:

插入一个字符
删除一个字符
替换一个字符
示例?1:

输入: word1 = "horse", word2 = "ros"
输出: 3
解释:
horse -> rorse (将 ‘h‘ 替换为 ‘r‘)
rorse -> rose (删除 ‘r‘)
rose -> ros (删除 ‘e‘)

来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/edit-distance
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权,非商业转载请注明出处。

题解

  • dp

    • 状态
      dp[i][j]表示word1[0,i-1]变为word2[0,j-1]需要的最少编辑距离,特别的dp[0][j]表示从空串变为word2[0,j-1]需要的最少距离。
    • 转移方程
    dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1]  ,word[i-1]=word2[j-1]
    dp[i][j] = Math.min(Math.min(dp[i - 1][j - 1] , dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i][j - 1]) + 1,word[i-1]!=word2[j-1]
    • 初始化
          for (int j = 0; j <= word2.length(); ++j) {
              dp[0][j] = j;
          }
          for (int i = 0; i <= word1.length(); ++i) {
              dp[i][0] = i;
          }

代码

class Solution {
    public int minDistance(String word1, String word2) {
        int[][] dp = new int[word1.length() + 1][word2.length() + 1];
        for (int j = 0; j <= word2.length(); ++j) {
            dp[0][j] = j;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i <= word1.length(); ++i) {
            dp[i][0] = i;
        }

        for (int i = 1; i <= word1.length(); ++i) {
            for (int j = 1; j <= word2.length(); ++j) {
                if (word2.charAt(j - 1) == word1.charAt(i - 1)) {
                    dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];
                } else {
                    dp[i][j] = Math.min(Math.min(dp[i - 1][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i][j - 1]) + 1;
                }
            }
        }
        return dp[word1.length()][word2.length()];
    }
}

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/coding-gaga/p/12267438.html

时间: 2024-08-29 22:53:05

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