1. 查看支持的模块
[[email protected] ~]# ansible-doc -l
这里我们看下ansible的支持的模块个数
[[email protected] ~]# ansible-doc -l |wc -l #查看支持的模块个数 1039 [[email protected] ~]# ansible --version #查看我们的ansible版本号 ansible 2.3.1.0 config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg configured module search path = Default w/o overrides python version = 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Aug 18 2016, 14:53:48) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)]
2.获取模块的帮助
这里我们使用ansible-doc获取下command模块的使用方式。
[[email protected] ~]# ansible-doc command
3.1 command模块
command :作为ansible的默认模块,可以允许远程主机范围内的所有shell命令。
注意: 在command的命令中含有像`$ HOME‘这样的变量和像``<“‘,`”>“, `“”“”,“”;“”和“”&“‘将无法正常工作(如果需要这些功能,请使用[shell]模块)
[[email protected] ~]# ansible 192.168.168.11* -m command -a ‘ip addr show dev eth0‘ 192.168.168.115 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:50:56:29:8d:e2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.168.115/24 brd 192.168.168.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe29:8de2/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 192.168.168.111 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:77:77:91 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.168.111/24 brd 192.168.168.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe77:7791/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3.2 script模块
功能:在远程主机上执行主控端的脚本,相当于scp+shell组合。
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m script -a "/home/test.sh 12 34"
3.3 shell模块
功能:执行远程主机的shell脚本文件
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m shell -a "/home/test.sh"
shell替代command执行
[[email protected] ~]# ansible 192.168.168.11* -m shell -a ‘ip addr show dev eth0‘ 192.168.168.111 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:77:77:91 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.168.111/24 brd 192.168.168.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe77:7791/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 192.168.168.115 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:50:56:29:8d:e2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.168.115/24 brd 192.168.168.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe29:8de2/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3.4 copy模块
功能: 实现主控端向目标主机copy文件。
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m copy -a "src=/home/test.sh dest=/tmp/ owner=root group=root mode=0755" #src 主控端文件位置#dest 被控端目标位置#owner 文件复制过去后的所有者#group 文件复制过去后的所属组#mode 文件的权限设定,执行a+x这种方式
3.5 stat模块
功能: 获取远程文件的状态信息,包括atime,ctime,mtime,md5,uid,gid等信息。
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m stat -a "path=/etc/sysctl.conf"
3.6 yum模块
功能: 安装软件包。
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m yum -a "name=httpd state=latest disable_gpg_check=yes enablerepo=epel"#name 包名#state (Choices: present, installed, latest, absent, removed)[Default: present]#disable_gpg_check:禁止gpg检查#enablerepo:只启动指定的repo
3.7 cron模块
功能:远程主机crontab配置
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m cron -a "name=‘test‘ hour=‘2-5‘ minute=‘*/5‘ day=‘1‘ month=‘3,4‘ weekday=‘1‘ job=‘ls -l‘ user=tom"192.168.168.115 | SUCCESS => { "changed": true, "envs": [], "jobs": [ "test" ]}192.168.168.111 | SUCCESS => { "changed": true, "envs": [], "jobs": [ "test" ]}
我们去被控主机看下生成的crontab作业
[[email protected] ~]# crontab -l -u tom #Ansible: test */5 2-5 1 3,4 1 ls -l
删除指定crontab
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m cron -a "name=test state=absent"
3.8 mount模块
功能: 挂载文件系统
[[email protected] ~]# ansible 192.168.168.111 -m mount -a "path=/mnt/data src=/dev/sd0 fstype=ext3 ots=ro state=present"
注:mount已经使用path代替了原来的name参数,但是name参数还是可以使用的。
3.9 service模块
功能: 服务管理
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m service -a "name=httpd state=restarted" #启动服务 [[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m service -a "name=httpd state=running" #查看服务状态 [[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m service -a "name=httpd state=stoped" #停止服务
3.10 user模块
功能: 远程主机的用户管理
[[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m user -a "name=jerry comment=‘ doubi jerry‘" #添加用户 详细参数参考ansible-doc user [[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m user -a "name=jerry state=absent remove=yes" #删除用户
时间: 2024-10-25 11:34:56