Linux安装mysql——源码安装
1.假设已经有mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz以及cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz两个源文件
(1)先安装cmake(mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的)
[[email protected] rhel5 local][[email protected] rhel5 local][[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4][[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4][[email protected] rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]
(2)创建mysql的安装目录及数据库存放目录
[[email protected] rhel5~][[email protected] rhel5~]
(3)创建mysql用户及用户组
[[email protected] rhel5~]groupadd mysql [[email protected] rhel5~]useradd -r -g mysql mysql
(4)安装mysql
[[email protected] rhel5 local][[email protected] rhel5 local][[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 [[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10][[email protected] rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]
参数说明:
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安装目录
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //数据库存放目录
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安装所有扩展字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据
注意事项:
重新编译时,需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。
# make clean
# rm -f CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
2.配置
(1)设置目录权限
[[email protected] rhel5~] [[email protected] rhel5 mysql] [[email protected] rhel5 mysql]
(2)
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf //将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中
(3)创建系统数据库的表
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql][[email protected] rhel5 mysql]
(4)设置环境变量
[[email protected] rhel5~] 在PATH=:/bin添加参数为: PATH=:/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib [[email protected] rhel5~]
(5)手动启动mysql
[[email protected] rhel5~] [[email protected] rhel5 mysql] 启动日志写在此文件下:/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err 关闭MySQL服务 [[email protected] rhel5 mysql]
(6)另一种简单的启动mysql的方法(mysql已经被添加到系统服务中)
[[email protected] rhel5~][[email protected] rhel5~][[email protected] rhel5~]
如果上述命令出现:mysql.server 未识别的服务
则可能mysql还没添加到系统服务中,下面用另一种方法添加:
[[email protected] rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql //将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中
注意:主要是将mysql.server拷贝到/etc/init.d中,命名为mysql。在有的系统中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server中,而本系统中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server中。
然后再用#service mysql start 来启动mysql即可。
(7)修改MySQL的root用户的密码以及打开远程连接
[[email protected] rhel5~] mysql>use mysql; mysql>desc user; mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO [email protected] IDENTIFIED BY ; //为root添加远程连接的能力。 mysql>update user set Password = password(‘xxxxxx‘) where User=‘root‘; mysql>select Host,User,Password from user where User=‘root‘; mysql>flush privileges; mysql>exit 重新登录:mysql -u root -p 若还不能进行远程连接,则关闭防火墙 [[email protected] rhel5~]
注:如果不能远程连接,出现错误mysql error number 1130,则加入下面语句试试:
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘******‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;