#方法一: 修改model class Animal(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50, default=‘‘) type = models.CharField(max_length=50, default=‘‘) country = models.ForeignKey(Country, blank=True, null=True) @property def country_area(self): return self.country.area class AnimalSerializer(serializers.Serializer): pk = serializers.IntegerField(read_only=True) name = serializers.CharField(max_length=50) type = serializers.CharField(max_length=50) country = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True) country_area = serializers.FloatField(required=False, source=‘country_area’) #方法二: 不修改model 直接使用SerializerMethodField(method_name=None)字段 #SerializerMethodFiel是一个read-only字段 #当不指定其method_name时,默认为get_<field_name> #如果使用ModelSerializer并指定字段时,要包含此时定义的字段 class AnimalSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): country_area = serializers.SerializerMethodField() class Meta: model = Animal fields = (‘id‘, ‘name‘, ‘type‘,‘country‘,‘country_area‘) def get_country_area(self, obj): return obj.country.area #方法三:可以在前端显示时多显示一个字段,后端获取到值之后先从validated_data中去掉再进行接下来的处理 class ParentsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): kids_id = serializers.IntegerField(source=‘my_field‘) def create(self, validated_data): kids_id = validated_data.pop(‘my_field‘)
序列化时外键关系的处理: #第一种: class KidsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = Kids fields = ‘__all__‘ #访问时默认显示外键id ,创建时传id #第二种: class KidsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = Kids fields = ‘__all__‘ depth = 1 #访问时显示外键字段的所有信息,但是只读的,不可编辑,即新建时不能传值 #第三种: class KidsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): grade = serializers.SlugRelatedField(queryset=Grade.objects.all(), slug_field=‘id‘) class Meta: model = Kids fields = ‘__all__‘ #访问时显示id/其他,新建时传id值/其他值 #序列化时反向关联的字段的处理 class GradeFinanceSerializer(serializers.Serializer): id = serializers.IntegerField(required=True) name = serializers.CharField(read_only=True) class FinancePlanSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): grades = GradeFinanceSerializer(many=True) #访问时只显示定制的字段 新建时以列表形式传值 #字段类型在数据库中为枚举的字段显示问题: get_XXX_display level = serializers.CharField(source=‘get_level_display‘)
时间: 2024-11-07 20:20:12