套接字之sendto系统调用

sendto系统调用用于向指定的目的地址发送数据，其系统调用的流程比较容易理解，如下面所示，其主要完成 (1)将用户数据组织成msghdr，(2)而后调用socket操作的sendmsg；ipv4对应的sendmsg实现为inet_sendmsg，该函数进行端口自动绑定检查和绑定后，调用传输层的sendmsg函数发送数据，比如tcp会调用tcp_sendmsg函数，这里不详细介绍，读到tcp模块在进行补充；

 1 /*
 2  *    Send a datagram to a given address. We move the address into kernel
 3  *    space and check the user space data area is readable before invoking
 4  *    the protocol.
 5  */
 6
 7 SYSCALL_DEFINE6(sendto, int, fd, void __user *, buff, size_t, len,
 8         unsigned int, flags, struct sockaddr __user *, addr,
 9         int, addr_len)
10 {
11     struct socket *sock;
12     struct sockaddr_storage address;
13     int err;
14     struct msghdr msg;
15     struct iovec iov;
16     int fput_needed;
17
18     /* 数据导入到消息 */
19     err = import_single_range(WRITE, buff, len, &iov, &msg.msg_iter);
20     if (unlikely(err))
21         return err;
22
23     /* 获取socket */
24     sock = sockfd_lookup_light(fd, &err, &fput_needed);
25     if (!sock)
26         goto out;
27
28     msg.msg_name = NULL;
29     msg.msg_control = NULL;
30     msg.msg_controllen = 0;
31     msg.msg_namelen = 0;
32
33     /* 地址信息 */
34     if (addr) {
35         err = move_addr_to_kernel(addr, addr_len, &address);
36         if (err < 0)
37             goto out_put;
38         msg.msg_name = (struct sockaddr *)&address;
39         msg.msg_namelen = addr_len;
40     }
41
42     /* 非阻塞标记 */
43     if (sock->file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
44         flags |= MSG_DONTWAIT;
45     msg.msg_flags = flags;
46
47     /*
48         调用sock->ops->sendmsg，ipv4为inet_sendmsg
49         需要自动绑定端口则绑定，
50         后调用传输层的发送sk->sk_prot->sendmsg
51     */
52     err = sock_sendmsg(sock, &msg);
53
54 out_put:
55     fput_light(sock->file, fput_needed);
56 out:
57     return err;
58 }

TCP层的sendmsg实现为tcp_sendmsg，详情请移步<TCP层sendmsg系统调用的实现分析>；

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wanpengcoder/p/11749294.html