使用gRPC作为云平台和移动前端的连接方式,网络安全应该是必须考虑的一个重点。gRPC是支持ssl/tls安全通讯机制的。用了一个周末来研究具体使用方法,实际上是一个周末的挖坑填坑过程。把这次经历记录下来与各位分享。
gRPC的ssl/tls的原理是在服务端安装安全证书公用certificate和私钥key, 在客户端安装公共证书就可以了,gRPC代码是这样写的:
// Server SslContext sslContext = SslContextBuilder.forServer( new File("/Users/u/Desktop/api.grpc/src/main/resources/my-public-key-cert.pem"), new File("/Users/u/Desktop/api.grpc/src/main/resources/my-private-key.pem")) .build(); server = NettyServerBuilder.forPort(port).sslContext(sslContext) .addService(GreeterGrpc.bindService(new GreeterImpl())).build() .start(); / Client SslContext sslContext = SslContextBuilder.forClient().trustManager(new File( "/Users/u/Desktop/api.grpc/src/main/resources/my-public-key-cert.pem")).build(); channel = NettyChannelBuilder.forAddress(host, port) .sslContext(sslContext) .build(); blockingStub = GreeterGrpc.newBlockingStub(channel);
先构建SslContextBuilder,然后在构建NettyServerBuilder和NettyChannelBuilder时加入sslContext。上面的my-public-key-cert.pem,my-private_key.pem是用openssl产生的:
openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout my-private-key.pem -out my-public-key-cert.pem -days 365 -nodes -subj ‘/CN=localhost‘
不过使用这个证书和私钥测试时出现了错误:
Jan 27, 2019 4:08:22 PM io.grpc.netty.GrpcSslContexts defaultSslProvider INFO: netty-tcnative unavailable (this may be normal) java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: io.netty.internal.tcnative.SSL at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357) ... INFO: Jetty ALPN unavailable (this may be normal) java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org/eclipse/jetty/alpn/ALPN at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:348) ...
仔细研究了一下github上的gRPC-java说明文件SECURITY.MD,感觉应该是grpc和netty版本问题,特别是下面这几个依赖:
Find the dependency tree (e.g., mvn dependency:tree), and look for versions of: io.grpc:grpc-netty io.netty:netty-handler (really, make sure all of io.netty except for netty-tcnative has the same version) io.netty:netty-tcnative-boringssl-static:jar ... grpc-netty version netty-handler version netty-tcnative-boringssl-static version 1.0.0-1.0.1 4.1.3.Final 1.1.33.Fork19 1.0.2-1.0.3 4.1.6.Final 1.1.33.Fork23 1.1.x-1.3.x 4.1.8.Final 1.1.33.Fork26 1.4.x 4.1.11.Final 2.0.1.Final 1.5.x 4.1.12.Final 2.0.5.Final 1.6.x 4.1.14.Final 2.0.5.Final 1.7.x-1.8.x 4.1.16.Final 2.0.6.Final 1.9.x-1.10.x 4.1.17.Final 2.0.7.Final 1.11.x-1.12.x 4.1.22.Final 2.0.7.Final 1.13.x 4.1.25.Final 2.0.8.Final 1.14.x-1.15.x 4.1.27.Final 2.0.12.Final 1.16.x-1.17.x 4.1.30.Final 2.0.17.Final 1.18.x-1.19.x 4.1.32.Final 2.0.20.Final 1.20.x-1.21x 4.1.34.Final 2.0.22.Final 1.22.x- 4.1.35.Final 2.0.25.Final
解决问题必须先搞清楚这些库的版本。这个可以用sbt插件sbt-dependency-graph。加入project/plugins.sbt:
addSbtPlugin("com.eed3si9n" % "sbt-assembly" % "0.14.9") addSbtPlugin("net.virtual-void" % "sbt-dependency-graph" % "0.9.2") addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-native-packager" % "1.3.15") addSbtPlugin("com.thesamet" % "sbt-protoc" % "0.99.21") addSbtPlugin("net.virtual-void" % "sbt-dependency-graph" % "0.9.2") libraryDependencies += "com.thesamet.scalapb" %% "compilerplugin" % "0.9.0-M6"
在sbt中执行dependencyTree:
~/scala/intellij/learn-grpc> sbt [info] Loading settings for project global-plugins from idea.sbt ... sbt:learn-grpc> dependencyTree [info] | | +-com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java:3.7.1 [info] | | +-io.grpc:grpc-api:1.21.0 [info] | | +-io.netty:netty-handler:4.1.34.Final [info] | | | +-io.netty:netty-buffer:4.1.34.Final [info] | | | | +-io.netty:netty-common:4.1.34.Final ...
好像缺失了io.netty:netty-tcnative-boringssl-static:jar,按照对应的gRPC版本在build.sbt里加上:
name := "learn-grpc" version := "0.1" scalaVersion := "2.12.8" scalacOptions += "-Ypartial-unification" val akkaversion = "2.5.23" libraryDependencies := Seq( "com.typesafe.akka" %% "akka-cluster-metrics" % akkaversion, "com.typesafe.akka" %% "akka-cluster-sharding" % akkaversion, "com.typesafe.akka" %% "akka-persistence" % akkaversion, "com.lightbend.akka" %% "akka-stream-alpakka-cassandra" % "1.0.1", "org.mongodb.scala" %% "mongo-scala-driver" % "2.6.0", "com.lightbend.akka" %% "akka-stream-alpakka-mongodb" % "1.0.1", "com.typesafe.akka" %% "akka-persistence-query" % akkaversion, "com.typesafe.akka" %% "akka-persistence-cassandra" % "0.97", "com.datastax.cassandra" % "cassandra-driver-core" % "3.6.0", "com.datastax.cassandra" % "cassandra-driver-extras" % "3.6.0", "ch.qos.logback" % "logback-classic" % "1.2.3", "io.monix" %% "monix" % "3.0.0-RC2", "org.typelevel" %% "cats-core" % "2.0.0-M1", "io.grpc" % "grpc-netty" % scalapb.compiler.Version.grpcJavaVersion, "io.netty" % "netty-tcnative-boringssl-static" % "2.0.22.Final", "com.thesamet.scalapb" %% "scalapb-runtime" % scalapb.compiler.Version.scalapbVersion % "protobuf", "com.thesamet.scalapb" %% "scalapb-runtime-grpc" % scalapb.compiler.Version.scalapbVersion ) // (optional) If you need scalapb/scalapb.proto or anything from // google/protobuf/*.proto //libraryDependencies += "com.thesamet.scalapb" %% "scalapb-runtime" % scalapb.compiler.Version.scalapbVersion % "protobuf" PB.targets in Compile := Seq( scalapb.gen() -> (sourceManaged in Compile).value ) enablePlugins(JavaAppPackaging)
试了一下启动服务,现在不出错误了(构建sslContext成功了)。不过客户端在使用了证书后仍然无法连接到服务端。没办法,又要再去查资料了。看来现在应该是证书的问题了。先看看是不是因为使用的证书是自签的self-signed-certificate。grpc-java里提供了一些测试用的证书和私钥和说明文档。在测试程序里使用了它们提供的server1.pem,server1.key,ca.pem:
package learn.grpc.server import io.grpc.{ServerBuilder,ServerServiceDefinition} import io.grpc.netty.NettyServerBuilder import java.io._ trait gRPCServer { val serverCrtFile = new File("/Users/tiger/certs/server1.pem") val serverKeyFile = new File("/Users/tiger/certs/server1.key") def runServer(service: ServerServiceDefinition): Unit = { val server = NettyServerBuilder .forPort(50051) .addService(service) .useTransportSecurity(serverCrtFile,serverKeyFile) .build .start // make sure our server is stopped when jvm is shut down Runtime.getRuntime.addShutdownHook(new Thread() { override def run(): Unit = server.shutdown() }) server.awaitTermination() } } ... package learn.grpc.sum.one2many.client import java.io.File import io.grpc.stub.StreamObserver import demo.services.sum._ import io.grpc.netty.{GrpcSslContexts, NegotiationType, NettyChannelBuilder} object One2ManyClient { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { val clientCrtFile = new File("/Users/tiger/certs/ca.pem") // new File(getClass.getClassLoader.getResource("badserver.pem").getPath) val sslContextBuilder = GrpcSslContexts.forClient().trustManager(clientCrtFile) //build connection channel val channel = NettyChannelBuilder .forAddress("192.168.0.189",50051) .negotiationType(NegotiationType.TLS) .sslContext(sslContextBuilder.build()) .overrideAuthority("foo.test.google.fr") .build() // get asyn stub val client: SumOneToManyGrpc.SumOneToManyStub = SumOneToManyGrpc.stub(channel) // prepare stream observer val streamObserver = new StreamObserver[SumResponse] { override def onError(t: Throwable): Unit = println(s"error: ${t.getMessage}") override def onCompleted(): Unit = println("Done incrementing !!!") override def onNext(value: SumResponse): Unit = println(s"current value: ${value.currentResult}") } // call service with stream observer client.addOneToMany(SumRequest().withToAdd(6),streamObserver) // wait for async execution scala.io.StdIn.readLine() } }
连接成功了。判断正确,是证书的问题。再研究一下证书是怎么产生的,尝试按文档指引重新产生这些自签证书:可惜的是好像还有些文件是缺失的,如serial。那么上面的.overrideAuthority("foo.test.google.fr")又是什么意思呢?算了,以后有时间再研究吧。这次起码证明grpc ssl/tls是可以发挥作用的。
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tiger-xc/p/11039248.html