一、MVC流程图
1.传统MVC
2.SpringMVC
二、一个简单的SpringMVC
1.导入相关的包
2.配置DispatcherServlet 在web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>SpringMVC-01</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- springmvc的配置文件必须在【servlet-name】-servlet.xml -->
<!--
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- DispatcherServlet加载指定的springmvc的配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC-annotation.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3.配置springmvc的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 包扫描：扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhiyou100.klb.annotation"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 开启注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
4.建立Controller
package com.zhiyou100.klb.annotation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller //等价于<bean class="com.zhiyou100.klb.annotation.MyController" />
public class MyController {
@RequestMapping("/list.do") //requestMapping:表示的就是你的访问地址
public ModelAndView list() {
System.out.println("查询所有");
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("login");
mv.addObject("userName", "查询所有");
return mv;
}
@RequestMapping("/delete.do")
public String delete() {
System.out.println("删除");
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping("/save.do")
public String save() {
System.out.println("保存");
return "login";
}
}
三、SpringMVC的流程
- 客户发出请求。http://localhost:8080/springmvc-01/my.do
- 到达web.xml文件中 DispatcherServlet.查看是否符合url的要求
- DispatcherServlet就会查询springmvc的配置文件，找HandlerMapping，根据bean的名称查找相应的controller.
- 找到我的MyController类，执行该类中handleRequestInternal方法。
- 根据返回的modelAndView在找springmvc配置文件中视图解析器，把viewName和prefix以及suffix做了一个拼接，把拼接的页面展示给客户。
四、常见的HandlerMapping
1 BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping 根据bean标签的名称找到对应的Controller类
<!-- 配置一个handlerMapping 默认有一个， 可以不配，默认为name访问 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 注册自己的controller类 -->
<bean name="/login.do" class="com.zhiyou100.klb.controller.MyController1"></bean>
2. SimpleUrlHandlerMapping 根据bean的id查找对应的Controller类
<!-- 根据ID查询相应的controller类
这里包含了ID与URL地址的映射关系
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="/a.do">my1</prop>
<prop key="/b.do">my2</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="my1" class="com.zhiyou100.klb.controller.MyController1"></bean>
<bean id="my2" class="com.zhiyou100.klb.controller.MyController2"></bean>
3.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping 根据controller类的名字找到对应的Controller
<!-- 配置一个handlerMapping，使用类名访问-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 访问时，类中除了controller外其他全部小写，包括controller2 -->
<bean class="com.zhiyou100.klb.controller.MyController2"></bean>
4.使用注解来替代配置信息。
- 额外aop的jar包
- 在springmvc配置文件中加入如下代码。
<!-- 包扫描：扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhiyou100.klb.annotation"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 开启注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
3.创建Controller类
package com.zhiyou100.klb.annotation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller //等价于<bean class="com.zhiyou100.klb.annotation.MyController" />
public class MyController {
@RequestMapping("/list.do") //requestMapping:表示的就是你的访问地址
public ModelAndView list() {
System.out.println("查询所有");
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("login");
mv.addObject("userName", "查询所有");
return mv;
}
@RequestMapping("/delete.do")
public String delete() {
System.out.println("删除");
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping("/save.do")
public String save() {
System.out.println("保存");
return "login";
}
}
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/kklb/p/11455704.html
时间： 2024-10-10 01:17:42