API：
join
public final void join()
throws InterruptedException
- 等待该线程终止。
-
- 抛出：
InterruptedException- 如果任何线程中断了当前线程。当抛出该异常时，当前线程的中断状态 被清除。
join
public final void join(long millis)
throws InterruptedException
- 等待该线程终止的时间最长为
millis毫秒。超时为0意味着要一直等下去。 -
- 参数：
millis- 以毫秒为单位的等待时间。- 抛出：
InterruptedException- 如果任何线程中断了当前线程。当抛出该异常时，当前线程的中断状态 被清除。
join
public final void join(long millis,
int nanos)
throws InterruptedException
- 等待该线程终止的时间最长为
millis毫秒 +nanos纳秒。 -
- 参数：
millis- 以毫秒为单位的等待时间。nanos- 要等待的 0-999999 附加纳秒。- 抛出：
IllegalArgumentException- 如果 millis 值为负，则 nanos 的值不在 0-999999 范围内。InterruptedException- 如果任何线程中断了当前线程。当抛出该异常时，当前线程的中断状态 被清除。
解析：
Thread.join()，是用来指定当前主线程等待其他线程执行完毕后，再来继续执行Thread.join()后面的代码。
例1：
package com.example;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class DataSourcesLoader implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.printf("Beginning data sources loading: %s\n",new Date());
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(4);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.printf("Data sources loading has finished: %s\n",new Date());
}
public static void main(String[] args){
DataSourcesLoader dsLoader = new DataSourcesLoader();
Thread thread1 = new Thread(dsLoader,"DataSourceThread");
thread1.start();
try {
thread1.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.printf("Main: Configuration has been loaded: %s\n",new Date());
}
}
执行结果：
Beginning data sources loading: Fri Nov 14 14:27:31 CST 2014 Data sources loading has finished: Fri Nov 14 14:27:35 CST 2014 Main: Configuration has been loaded: Fri Nov 14 14:27:35 CST 2014
如果去掉thread1.join()，执行的结果如下：
Main: Configuration has been loaded: Fri Nov 14 14:28:33 CST 2014 Beginning data sources loading: Fri Nov 14 14:28:33 CST 2014 Data sources loading has finished: Fri Nov 14 14:28:37 CST 2014
通过结果，就可以很明显的说明上面红字的部分：“再来继续执行Thread.join()后面的代码”
例2：
package com.example;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class DataSourcesLoader implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.printf("Beginning data sources loading: %s\n",new Date());
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(4);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.printf("Data sources loading has finished: %s\n",new Date());
}
public static void main(String[] args){
DataSourcesLoader dsLoader = new DataSourcesLoader();
Thread thread1 = new Thread(dsLoader,"DataSourceThread");
thread1.start();
try {
thread1.join(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.printf("Main: Configuration has been loaded: %s\n",new Date());
}
}
这里使用的是：
thread1.join(3000);
这句话的意思是，只要满足下面2个条件中的一个时，主线程就会继续执行thread.join()后面的代码：
条件1：thread1 执行完毕；
条件2：已经等待 thread1 执行了3000ms.
例子中，thread1 自身的执行时间是4s，而设置的等待时间是3s，所以得到的执行结果如下，thread1还没有执行完，主线程就开始执行后面的代码，因为 thread1 等待的时间已经超时了：
Beginning data sources loading: Fri Nov 14 14:35:45 CST 2014 Main: Configuration has been loaded: Fri Nov 14 14:35:48 CST 2014 Data sources loading has finished: Fri Nov 14 14:35:49 CST 2014
那么结合上面的2个例子，我们可以推断出下面代码的执行结果了：
例3：
package com.example;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class DataSourcesLoader implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.printf("Beginning data sources loading: %s\n",new Date());
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(4);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.printf("Data sources loading has finished: %s\n",new Date());
}
}
package com.example;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class NetworkConnectionsLoader implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.printf("Beginning network connect loading: %s\n",new Date());
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(6);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.printf("Network connect loading has finished: %s\n",new Date());
}
public static void main(String[] args){
DataSourcesLoader dsLoader = new DataSourcesLoader();
Thread thread1 = new Thread(dsLoader,"DataSourceThread");
NetworkConnectionsLoader ncLoader = new NetworkConnectionsLoader();
Thread thread2 = new Thread(ncLoader,"NetworkConnectionLoader");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
thread1.join();
thread2.join(1900);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.printf("Main: Configuration has been loaded: %s\n",new Date());
}
}
执行结果：
Beginning data sources loading: Fri Nov 14 14:39:20 CST 2014 Beginning network connect loading: Fri Nov 14 14:39:20 CST 2014 Data sources loading has finished: Fri Nov 14 14:39:24 CST 2014 Main: Configuration has been loaded: Fri Nov 14 14:39:26 CST 2014 Network connect loading has finished: Fri Nov 14 14:39:26 CST 2014
注意：如果把例3的 thread2.join(1900) 部分修改为：
thread2.join(3000);
结果会和上面的一样吗？
根据我最开始指出的“Thread.join()，是用来指定当前主线程等待其他线程执行完毕后，再来继续执行Thread.join()后面的代码。”
我们可以看到，执行结果会有差别：
Beginning data sources loading: Fri Nov 14 14:41:21 CST 2014 Beginning network connect loading: Fri Nov 14 14:41:21 CST 2014 Data sources loading has finished: Fri Nov 14 14:41:25 CST 2014 Network connect loading has finished: Fri Nov 14 14:41:27 CST 2014 Main: Configuration has been loaded: Fri Nov 14 14:41:27 CST 2014</span>
至于为什么会有这个差别，我上面也已经说明了，我想这个应该不难理解。
PS：代码部分截取来自《Java 7 Concurrency Cookbook》
时间： 2024-08-08 18:36:53