Visual Studio 启动修复命令

今天VS启动不了了，连命令行的 devenv.exe /? 都执行不了，看不到帮助命令了，记性不好，以前看过但没记住呀，还好我装了两个不同版本的VS, 另一个VS的帮助命令还是可以看到的。虽然修复了，还是把帮助命令备忘一下，下次就不会措手不及了，有用的人需要也可以借鉴一下，最有可能出现问题的是插件引起的问题，安全模式最有用，几乎都可以启动：

Use:
devenv  [solutionfile | projectfile | anyfile.ext]  [switches]

The first argument for devenv is usually a solution file or project file.
You can also use any other file as the first argument if you want to have the
file open automatically in an editor. When you enter a project file, the IDE
looks for an .sln file with the same base name as the project file in the
parent directory for the project file. If no such .sln file exists, then the
IDE looks for a single .sln file that references the project. If no such single
.sln file exists, then the IDE creates an unsaved solution with a default .sln
file name that has the same base name as the project file.

Command line builds:
devenv solutionfile.sln /build [ solutionconfig ] [ /project projectnameorfile [ /projectconfig name ] ]
Available command line switches:

/Build    Builds the solution or project with the specified solution
    configuration. For example "Debug". If multiple platforms
    are possible, the configuration name must be enclosed in quotes
    and contain platform name. For example: "Debug|Win32".
/Clean    Deletes build outputs.
/Command    Starts the IDE and executes the command.
/Deploy    Builds and then deploys the specified build configuration.
/Edit    Opens the specified files in a running instance of this
    application. If there are no running instances, it will
    start a new instance with a simplified window layout.
/LCID    Sets the default language in the IDE for the UI.
/Log    Logs IDE activity to the specified file for troubleshooting.
/NoVSIP    Disables the VSIP developer‘s license key for VSIP testing.
/Out    Appends the build log to a specified file.
/Project    Specifies the project to build, clean, or deploy.
    Must be used with /Build, /Rebuild, /Clean, or /Deploy.
/ProjectConfig    Overrides the project configuration specified in the solution
    configuration. For example "Debug". If multiple platforms are
    possible, the configuration name must be enclosed in quotes
    and contain platform name. For example: "Debug|Win32".
    Must be used with /Project.
/Rebuild    Cleans and then builds the solution or project with the
    specified configuration.
/ResetAddin    Removes commands and command UI associated with the specified Add-in.
/ResetSettings    Restores the IDE‘s default settings, optionally resets to
    the specified VSSettings file.
/ResetSkipPkgs    Clears all SkipLoading tags added to VSPackages.
/Run    Compiles and runs the specified solution.
/RunExit    Compiles and runs the specified solution then closes the IDE.
/SafeMode    Launches the IDE in safe mode loading minimal windows.
/Upgrade    Upgrades the project or the solution and all projects in it.
    A backup of these files will be created as appropriate.  Please
    see Help on ‘Visual Studio Conversion Wizard‘ for more
    information on the backup process.

Product-specific switches:

/componentsDiff Compares two component folders. Requires three arguments:
                OptionalTfsServerCollectionUri SourceVersionedServerFolderPath
                TargetVersionedServerFolderPath
                If OptionalTfsServerCollectionUri is not provided, then an
                attempt is made to use the current TFS project collection.

/debugexe    Open the specified executable to be debugged. The remainder of
    the command line is passed to this executable as its arguments.
/diff    Compares two files.  Takes four parameters:
    SourceFile, TargetFile, SourceDisplayName(optional),
    TargetDisplayName(optional)

/openProjects   Opens versioned project. Requires three arguments:
                OptionalTfsServerCollectionUri VersionedProjectServerItemPath
                OptionalSolutionServerItemPath
                If OptionalTfsServerCollectionUri is not provided, then an
                attempt is made to use the current TFS project collection.
/TfsLink    Opens Team Explorer and launches a viewer for the
    provided artifact URI if one is registered.
    /useenv    Use PATH, INCLUDE, LIBPATH, and LIB environment variables
    instead of IDE paths for VC++ builds.

To attach the debugger from the command line, use:
    VsJITDebugger.exe -p <pid>