【tcp-ip学习总结】传输层协议UDP和TCP

互联网中任何两台主机之间通讯，都是从一端到另一端，又称端到端的通讯。端口又是什么？现代的操作系统都装有很多个应用程序，信息传到了我的电脑上我怎么知道这个信息就是传给我的QQ应用程序的呢？我的QQ程序有反应但是我的MSN怎么没有反应呢？ 原因就是：我的系统有很多个端口号，每一个应用程序进程都绑定了本地一个独一无二端口号，这样每一个程序都与一个端口号绑定。比如QQ绑定了本地的6666端口号（假设都是UDP端口号），这个一个消息发来，消息报文头显示要发到6666这个端口号，上面的进程也就是QQ程序了，因为MSN绑定的是8888端口号，所以消息来的时候QQ
有反应而MSN没有反应。端口号是一个16位的二进制数。因此TCP协议有2的16次方个，而UDP也有2的16次方个不同的端口号。1~255之间的端口号由Internet浩分配机构来管理 256~1023端口号通常都是UNIX系统占用 大多数tcp-ip协议临时分配1024~5000之间的端口号 大于5000的端口号为其他服务预留端口号关于TCP协议TCP是传输层最常用的协议，也是一个比较复杂的协议 TCP在传输数据前先建立链接，结束传输时关闭链接TCP的建立链接的三次握手第一次握手：客户端向服务端发出要连接的命令
第二次握手：服务端向服务端发出是否要连接的消息 第三次握手：客户端确认链接

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