yum安装mysql:
1. 查看有没有安装过
yum list installed MySQL* （有存在要卸载yum remove MySQL*）
rpm -qa | grep mysql*
查看有没有安装包：
yum list mysql*
2. 安装mysql客户端
yum -y install mysql
安装mysql 服务器端
yum -y install mysql-server mysql-devel
3. 启动&&停止 数据库字符集设置
mysql配置文件/etc/my.cnf中加入default-character-set=utf8
启动mysql服务： service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start
开机启动：
添加开机启动：chkconfig --add mysqld;
开机启动：chkconfig mysqld on;
查看开机启动设置是否成功chkconfig --list | grep mysql* mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭停止：
停止
service mysqld stop
4. 登陆等权限设置
登录mysql数据库：mysq -u root password 123456
首次使用创建root管理员和密码
（mysql -u root -p输入密码即可？）
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;
忘记密码
service mysqld stop;
mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables;
这一步骤执行的时候不会出现新的命令行，你需要重新打开一个窗口执行下面的命令
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;
如果需要外网可以访问需要再做如下设置
授权用户可以从远程登陆
grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to [email protected]‘%‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
flush privileges ;
5. 远程访问 开放防火墙的端口号mysql
增加权限：mysql库中的user表新增一条记录Host为“%”，User为“root”。
一般开发测试直接把防火墙关闭
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 |
|
6. Linux MySQL的几个重要目录
数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/
配置文件 /usr/share /mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）
相关命令 /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令）
启动脚本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）
7. 删除 mysql 数据库
如果使用的是 yum 安装的 mysql，需要删除的话，就使用如下命令：
yum -y remove mysql*
然后将 /var/lib/mysql文件夹下的所有文件都删除干净
最后再重新执行上面的安装步骤。
yum安装MySQL指定版本
默认yum只能安装mysql 5.1，我们可以自己配置通过yum安装5.6或者其他版本。
1. 查看系统里面有没有mysql 的repo（可以参考上面第一步卸载）
yum repolist all | grep mysql
2. 如果没有发现，则需要配置repo
只能有一个是 enabled=1的，其他的都得enabled=0。
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
输入如下内容
[mysql-connectors-community]name=MySQL Connectors Communitybaseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/6/$basearch/enabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql-tools-community]name=MySQL Tools Communitybaseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/6/$basearch/enabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql # Enable to use MySQL 5.5[mysql55-community]name=MySQL 5.5 Community Serverbaseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/enabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql # Enable to use MySQL 5.6[mysql56-community]name=MySQL 5.6 Community Serverbaseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/enabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql # Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.# Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/[mysql57-community-dmr]name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Releasebaseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/enabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
3. 再看看是否存在mysql的repo
yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
可以看到已经有了
4. 签名
vim /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
写入如下内容
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS) 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443I-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
5. 安装
yum install mysql-community-server
6. 启动
service mysqld start
其他操作可以参考上面第一节的介绍。
参考
A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL Yum Repository
Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository
2.1.3.2 Signature Checking Using GnuPG
4. 登陆等权限设置
登录mysql数据库：mysq -u root password 123456
首次使用创建root管理员和密码
（mysql -u root -p输入密码即可？）
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;
忘记密码
service mysqld stop;
mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables;
这一步骤执行的时候不会出现新的命令行，你需要重新打开一个窗口执行下面的命令
mysql -u root;
use mysql ;
update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
flush privileges;
如果需要外网可以访问需要再做如下设置
授权用户可以从远程登陆
grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to [email protected]‘%‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
flush privileges ;
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/beyang/p/9976102.html