POJ 1753 Flip Game(dfs+枚举)

POJ 1753

题意:

输入一个4*4的图像,由黑白两色组成,定义一种操作为:改变某个格子内小球的颜色(黑变白,白变黑),同时其上下左右的格子内小球也将变色。求最少多少次操作能使之成为纯色图案。

思路:

对一个格子操作偶数次等于没有操作,操作奇数次等于操作一次,所以答案在0~16以及impossible之间。

从n=0开始枚举n次操作可能的组成情况,即操作哪几个格子,若某种组合能变图案为纯色则停止。

由于总组合数达到2^16,故枚举组合情况可以用dfs来进行回溯枚举。

//还有一种方法是位运算+bfs,详情可参考http://www.cnblogs.com/lyy289065406/archive/2011/07/29/2120501.html

code:

/*
* @author Novicer
* language : C++/C
*/
#include<iostream>
#include<sstream>
#include<fstream>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
#include<deque>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<bitset>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<cctype>
#include<cmath>
#include<ctime>
#include<iomanip>
#define INF 2147483647
#define cls(x) memset(x,0,sizeof(x))
#define rise(i,a,b) for(int i = a ; i <= b ; i++)
using namespace std;
const double eps(1e-8);
typedef long long lint;

int Map[6][6] = {  };
int flag = 0, step;
int change_row[] = {0,-1,0,1,0};
int change_col[] = {0,0,1,0,-1};

bool all_color(){
	for(int i = 1 ; i <= 4 ; i++)
		for(int j = 1 ; j <= 4 ; j++)
			if(Map[i][j] != Map[1][1]) return false;
	return true;
}

void flip(int row , int col){
	for(int i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i++)
		Map[row+change_row[i]][col+change_col[i]] = !Map[row+change_row[i]][col+change_col[i]];
}

void dfs(int row , int col , int deep){
	if(deep == step){
		flag = all_color();
		return ;
	}
	if(flag) return;
	if(row > 4 || col > 4) return;
	flip(row,col);
	if(row < 4)
		dfs(row+1 , col , deep+1);
	else
		dfs(1, col+1 , deep+1);
	flip(row,col);
	if(row < 4)
		dfs(row+1 , col , deep);
	else
		dfs(1 , col+1 , deep);
	return;
}
void input(){
	for(int i = 1 ; i <= 4 ; i++)
		for(int j = 1 ; j <= 4 ; j++){
			char c;
			cin >> c;
			Map[i][j] = (c == 'b')? 1:0;
		}
}
void solve(){
	for(step = 0 ; step <= 16 ; step++){
		dfs(1,1,0);
		if(flag) break;
	}
	if(flag)
		cout << step << endl;
	else
		cout << "Impossible" << endl;
}
int main(){
//	freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);
//	freopen("output.txt","w+",stdout);
	input();
	solve();
	return 0;
}

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时间: 2024-11-03 21:59:31

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