前面知道,安装xposed框架后,系统启动,执行init, init 再调用 app_process 程序,由于这时候 app_process 已经被换了,所以app_process 启动后先进入的是 xposedbridge.class 的 main 函数, 这个函数最后才进入标准的 zygoteInit.class 的 main 函数,在进入 zygote 之前,它调用了几个函数,初始化了xposed框架,下面逐个分析。
一. initNative
Xposed.cpp (xposed): {"initNative", "()Z", (void*)de_robv_android_xposed_XposedBridge_initNative}, XposedBridge.java (xposedbridge\src\de\robv\android\xposed): if (initNative()) { XposedBridge.java (xposedbridge\src\de\robv\android\xposed): private native static boolean initNative();
XposedBridge.class 的 initNative 是一个 native 函数,真正的实现在 Xposed.cpp 里的 de_robv_android_xposed_XposedBridge_initNative
1. de_robv_android_xposed_XposedBridge_initNative(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz)
xposedHandleHookedMethod = (Method*) env->GetStaticMethodID(xposedClass, "handleHookedMethod", "(Ljava/lang/reflect/Member;ILjava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/Object;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;");
首先,从xposedClass(即XposedBridge.class)类获取函数 handleHookedMethod, 这个函数是java函数,这里获取其对应的 Method 结构体指针,这样就可以在 native 里调用(jni的原理)。那么,这个 handleHookedMethod 是干嘛的呢,这个函数就是最终执行的挂钩函数,后面会分析。
Method* xposedInvokeOriginalMethodNative = (Method*) env->GetStaticMethodID(xposedClass, "invokeOriginalMethodNative", "(Ljava/lang/reflect/Member;I[Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/Class;Ljava/lang/Object;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;");dvmSetNativeFunc(xposedInvokeOriginalMethodNative, de_robv_android_xposed_XposedBridge_invokeOriginalMethodNative, NULL);
其次,从xposedClass(即XposedBridge.class)类获取函数 invokeOriginalMethodNative 函数的 Method 结构体指针,然后调用 dvmSetNativeFunc 为这个java函数设置其 jni 实现 de_robv_android_xposed_XposedBridge_invokeOriginalMethodNative , 这样,调用 invokeOriginalMethodNative 函数其实执行的是后者。
objectArrayClass = dvmFindArrayClass("[Ljava/lang/Object;", NULL); xresourcesClass = env->FindClass(XRESOURCES_CLASS); xresourcesClass = reinterpret_cast<jclass>(env->NewGlobalRef(xresourcesClass)); if (register_android_content_res_XResources(env) != JNI_OK) {} xresourcesTranslateResId = env->GetStaticMethodID(xresourcesClass, "translateResId", "(ILandroid/content/res/XResources;Landroid/content/res/Resources;)I"); xresourcesTranslateAttrId = env->GetStaticMethodID(xresourcesClass, "translateAttrId", "(Ljava/lang/String;Landroid/content/res/XResources;)I");
最后,获取其他一些java类或函数的标识
二, initXbridgeZygote
XposedBridge.class main 函数第二个重要的函数是 initXbridgeZygote
// normal process initialization (for new Activity, Service, BroadcastReceiver etc.) findAndHookMethod(ActivityThread.class, "handleBindApplication", "android.app.ActivityThread.AppBindData", new XC_MethodHook() { protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable { 。。。 }
首先,挂钩了 ActivityThread 类的 handleBindApplication 函数,这个函数是在android ams 系统创建新进程成功后在新进程内部调用的,挂钩这个函数,可以在新进程创建后做一些事情
这里调用了一个函数,实现了挂钩 findAndHookMethod 。这个函数定义在 XposedHelpers.java
XposedHelpers.class
public static XC_MethodHook.Unhook findAndHookMethod(Class<?> clazz, String methodName, Object... parameterTypesAndCallback) { if (parameterTypesAndCallback.length == 0 || !(parameterTypesAndCallback[parameterTypesAndCallback.length-1] instanceof XC_MethodHook)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("no callback defined"); XC_MethodHook callback = (XC_MethodHook) parameterTypesAndCallback[parameterTypesAndCallback.length-1]; Method m = findMethodExact(clazz, methodName, getParameterClasses(clazz.getClassLoader(), parameterTypesAndCallback)); return XposedBridge.hookMethod(m, callback); }
这个函数找到类 clazz 的函数 methodName 所对应的 Method结构体,然后调用 XposedBridge 的 hookMethod 函数挂钩它
XposedBridge.class
public static XC_MethodHook.Unhook hookMethod(Member hookMethod, XC_MethodHook callback) { .... boolean newMethod = false; CopyOnWriteSortedSet<XC_MethodHook> callbacks; synchronized (sHookedMethodCallbacks) { callbacks = sHookedMethodCallbacks.get(hookMethod); if (callbacks == null) { callbacks = new CopyOnWriteSortedSet<XC_MethodHook>(); sHookedMethodCallbacks.put(hookMethod, callbacks); newMethod = true; } } callbacks.add(callback); // 先将被挂钩的函数 hookMethod 及挂钩它的函数保存起来 if (newMethod) { Class<?> declaringClass = hookMethod.getDeclaringClass(); int slot = (int) getIntField(hookMethod, "slot"); Class<?>[] parameterTypes; Class<?> returnType; if (hookMethod instanceof Method) { parameterTypes = ((Method) hookMethod).getParameterTypes(); returnType = ((Method) hookMethod).getReturnType(); } else { parameterTypes = ((Constructor<?>) hookMethod).getParameterTypes(); returnType = null; } AdditionalHookInfo additionalInfo = new AdditionalHookInfo(callbacks, parameterTypes, returnType); hookMethodNative(hookMethod, declaringClass, slot, additionalInfo); // 最终调用 hookMethodNative 函数
} return callback.new Unhook(hookMethod); }
这个函数先将被挂钩的函数 hookMethod 及挂钩它的 XC_MethodHook结构体保存起来,然后调用 hookMethodNative 函数
{"hookMethodNative", "(Ljava/lang/reflect/Member;Ljava/lang/Class;ILjava/lang/Object;)V", (void*)de_robv_android_xposed_XposedBridge_hookMethodNative},
这个函数定义在 xposed.cpp 里
static void de_robv_android_xposed_XposedBridge_hookMethodNative(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz, jobject reflectedMethodIndirect, jobject declaredClassIndirect, jint slot, jobject additionalInfoIndirect) { // Usage errors? if (declaredClassIndirect == NULL || reflectedMethodIndirect == NULL) { dvmThrowIllegalArgumentException("method and declaredClass must not be null"); return; } // Find the internal representation of the method ClassObject* declaredClass = (ClassObject*) dvmDecodeIndirectRef(dvmThreadSelf(), declaredClassIndirect); Method* method = dvmSlotToMethod(declaredClass, slot); if (method == NULL) { dvmThrowNoSuchMethodError("could not get internal representation for method"); return; } if (xposedIsHooked(method)) { // already hooked return; } // Save a copy of the original method and other hook info XposedHookInfo* hookInfo = (XposedHookInfo*) calloc(1, sizeof(XposedHookInfo)); memcpy(hookInfo, method, sizeof(hookInfo->originalMethodStruct)); hookInfo->reflectedMethod = dvmDecodeIndirectRef(dvmThreadSelf(), env->NewGlobalRef(reflectedMethodIndirect)); hookInfo->additionalInfo = dvmDecodeIndirectRef(dvmThreadSelf(), env->NewGlobalRef(additionalInfoIndirect)); // Replace method with our own code SET_METHOD_FLAG(method, ACC_NATIVE); method->nativeFunc = &xposedCallHandler; method->insns = (const u2*) hookInfo; method->registersSize = method->insSize; method->outsSize = 0; if (PTR_gDvmJit != NULL) { // reset JIT cache char currentValue = *((char*)PTR_gDvmJit + MEMBER_OFFSET_VAR(DvmJitGlobals,codeCacheFull)); if (currentValue == 0 || currentValue == 1) { MEMBER_VAL(PTR_gDvmJit, DvmJitGlobals, codeCacheFull) = true; } else { ALOGE("Unexpected current value for codeCacheFull: %d", currentValue); } } }
这个过程跟ADBI框架类似,先获取要挂钩的java函数的 Method 结构体指针,然后检查一下是否已经被挂钩了,如果是直接返回,否则,通过对 Method 结构体进行赋值的方式,完成挂钩
method->nativeFunc = &xposedCallHandler; method->insns = (const u2*) hookInfo; method->registersSize = method->insSize; method->outsSize = 0;
这里挂钩函数全部使用 xposedCallHandler 这个函数。挂钩的详细信息保存在 Method结构体的 insns 成员里
xposed.cpp
static void xposedCallHandler(const u4* args, JValue* pResult, const Method* method, ::Thread* self) { 。。。 JValue result; dvmCallMethod(self, xposedHandleHookedMethod, NULL, &result, originalReflected, (int) original, additionalInfo, thisObject, argsArray); 。。。 }
可以看到,最终执行xposedHandleHookedMethod这个native函数,这个native函数前面 initNative 执行时,已经获取了它的java实现,真正的实现在
XposedBridge.java
private static Object handleHookedMethod(Member method, int originalMethodId, Object additionalInfoObj, Object thisObject, Object[] args) throws Throwable { AdditionalHookInfo additionalInfo = (AdditionalHookInfo) additionalInfoObj; if (disableHooks) { try { return invokeOriginalMethodNative(method, originalMethodId, additionalInfo.parameterTypes, additionalInfo.returnType, thisObject, args); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { throw e.getCause(); } } Object[] callbacksSnapshot = additionalInfo.callbacks.getSnapshot(); final int callbacksLength = callbacksSnapshot.length; if (callbacksLength == 0) { try { return invokeOriginalMethodNative(method, originalMethodId, additionalInfo.parameterTypes, additionalInfo.returnType, thisObject, args); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { throw e.getCause(); } } MethodHookParam param = new MethodHookParam(); param.method = method; param.thisObject = thisObject; param.args = args; // call "before method" callbacks int beforeIdx = 0; do { try { ((XC_MethodHook) callbacksSnapshot[beforeIdx]).beforeHookedMethod(param); } catch (Throwable t) { XposedBridge.log(t); // reset result (ignoring what the unexpectedly exiting callback did) param.setResult(null); param.returnEarly = false; continue; } if (param.returnEarly) { // skip remaining "before" callbacks and corresponding "after" callbacks beforeIdx++; break; } } while (++beforeIdx < callbacksLength); // call original method if not requested otherwise if (!param.returnEarly) { try { param.setResult(invokeOriginalMethodNative(method, originalMethodId, additionalInfo.parameterTypes, additionalInfo.returnType, param.thisObject, param.args)); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { param.setThrowable(e.getCause()); } } // call "after method" callbacks int afterIdx = beforeIdx - 1; do { Object lastResult = param.getResult(); Throwable lastThrowable = param.getThrowable(); try { ((XC_MethodHook) callbacksSnapshot[afterIdx]).afterHookedMethod(param); } catch (Throwable t) { XposedBridge.log(t); // reset to last result (ignoring what the unexpectedly exiting callback did) if (lastThrowable == null) param.setResult(lastResult); else param.setThrowable(lastThrowable); } } while (--afterIdx >= 0); // return if (param.hasThrowable()) throw param.getThrowable(); else return param.getResult(); }
这个函数查找被挂钩函数的挂钩 XC_MethodHook 结构体,然后执行里边的 beforeHookedMethod 函数,再通过 invokeOriginalMethodNative 执行挂钩前的原始函数,最后再执行 afterHookedMethod 函数。
findAndHookMethod 的实现就分析完了,本质上仍然是寻找被挂钩函数的 Method 结构体,将Method属性改为native ,然后对其成员 nativeFunc, registersize 等进行赋值,其中 insns 成员保存了挂钩的详细信息。所有被挂钩的函数,其nativeFunc都赋值为 xposedCallHandler 函数,该函数最终执行 XposedBridge.class 里的 handleHookedMethod 。 handleHookedMethod 寻找 xposed模块及xposed框架调用 findAndHookMethod 注册的 before,after 函数,如果有,就执行,再通过 invokeOriginalMethodNative 执行挂钩前函数。
回到 initXbridgeZygote 函数,xposed 框架预先挂钩的函数,除了 handleBindApplication 外,还有
com.android.server.ServerThread 系统thread创建时触发hookAllConstructors(LoadedApk.class, new XC_MethodHook(){。。。} apk 包加载时触发这个挂钩findAndHookMethod("android.app.ApplicationPackageManager", null, "getResourcesForApplication", 。。。 3. loadModules
/** * Try to load all modules defined in <code>BASE_DIR/conf/modules.list</code> */ private static void loadModules(String startClassName) throws IOException { BufferedReader apks = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(BASE_DIR + "conf/modules.list")); String apk; while ((apk = apks.readLine()) != null) { loadModule(apk, startClassName); } apks.close(); }
xposed框架本身挂钩的函数很少,真正的挂钩由具体的xposed模块实现,xposed模块也是正常的app,安装的时候注册其挂钩信息到xposed框架的 modules.list 等配置里。xposed框架初始化的时候, 加载这些模块,并完成挂钩函数的挂钩
/** * Load a module from an APK by calling the init(String) method for all classes defined * in <code>assets/xposed_init</code>. */ @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") private static void loadModule(String apk, String startClassName) { 。。。。 while ((moduleClassName = moduleClassesReader.readLine()) != null) {// call the init(String) method of the module final Object moduleInstance = moduleClass.newInstance(); if (startClassName == null) { if (moduleInstance instanceof IXposedHookZygoteInit) { IXposedHookZygoteInit.StartupParam param = new IXposedHookZygoteInit.StartupParam(); param.modulePath = apk; ((IXposedHookZygoteInit) moduleInstance).initZygote(param); } if (moduleInstance instanceof IXposedHookLoadPackage) hookLoadPackage(new IXposedHookLoadPackage.Wrapper((IXposedHookLoadPackage) moduleInstance)); if (moduleInstance instanceof IXposedHookInitPackageResources) hookInitPackageResources(new IXposedHookInitPackageResources.Wrapper((IXposedHookInitPackageResources) moduleInstance)); } else { if (moduleInstance instanceof IXposedHookCmdInit) { IXposedHookCmdInit.StartupParam param = new IXposedHookCmdInit.StartupParam(); param.modulePath = apk; param.startClassName = startClassName; ((IXposedHookCmdInit) moduleInstance).initCmdApp(param); } } }}
loadModule 函数从配置文件里读取所有的模块,实例化模块类,xposed 提供了几个接口类供xposed模块继承,不同的接口类对应不同的hook时机
IXposedHookZygoteInit zygote 初始化前就执行挂钩,即loadModule执行时就挂钩了IXposedHookLoadPackage apk包加载的时候执行挂钩,先将挂钩函数保存起来,等加载apk函数执行后触发callback (这里的callback是xposed框架自己挂钩的函数),再执行模块注册的挂钩函数IXposedHookInitPackageResources apk资源实例化时执行挂钩,同上