TCP/IP Protocol Family

The TCP/IP family consists of the following protocols:

Link layer:

• ARP: Address Resolution Protocol: Map IP to hardware (e.g. Ethernet) addresses
• RARP: Reverse ARP: Map hardware (e.g. Ethernet) to IP addresses

Link layer (serial line):

• CSLIP: Compressed Serial Line IP: Compressing TCP/IP Headers for Low-Speed Serial Links (RFC 1144), obsolete
• PPP: The Point-to-Point Protocol
• PPP-MP: The Point-to-Point Multilink Protocol
• SLIP: Serial Line IP: Transmission of IP datagrams over serial lines (RFC 1055), obsolete

Network layer:

• IP: Internet Protocol (version 4): transfer IP packets from one host to another. One of the most common protocols today. This is what the Internet is built around.
• IPv6: Internet Protocol (version 6): transfer IP packets from one host to another
• ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol (version 4): This is a protocol to report common errors and events in the IP, TCP and UDP protocols.
• ICMPv6: Internet Control Message Protocol (version 6): This is a protocol to report common errors and events in the IPv6, TCP and UDP protocols.
• IGMP: IP multicasting

Network layer (routing):

• BGP: Border Gateway Protocol
• EGP: Exterior Gateway Protocol
• GGP: Gateway to Gateway Protocol
• IGRP: Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
• ND: Neighbor Discovery
• OSPF: Open Shortest Path First
• RIP: Routing Information Protocol
• RIPng: Routing Information Protocol next generation
• DSR: Dynamic Source Routing (Ad-hoc protocol)

Network Layer (IPsec Internet Protocol Security):

• AH: Authentication Header
• ESP: Encapsulating Security Payload

Transport layer:

• These protocols run atop IP:
• DCCP: Datagram Congestion Control Protocol: stream based, reliable, connection oriented transfer of data
• SCTP: datagram (packet) based, reliable, connection oriented transfer of data
• UDP: User Datagram Protocol: datagram (packet) based, unreliable, connectionless transfer of data
• UDP-Lite: Lightweight User Datagram Protocol: datagram (packet) based, unreliable, connectionless transfer of data
• TCP: Transmission Control Protocol: stream based, reliable, connection oriented transfer of data
• PortReference: TCP/UDP port numbers ThTextese protocols run atop UDP, and provide additional transport-layer services:
• RTP: datagram (packet) based, unreliable, connection oriented transfer of time sensitive data
• RTCP: RTP‘s control protocol

Session layer:

• NetBIOS: an API and several protocols providing various networking services.
• NetDump: a simple protocol for capturing crashed operating system memory cores over a network
• ONC-RPC: Remote procedure calls using Sun‘s RPC mechanism
• DCE/RPC: Remote procedure calls using the OSF‘s RPC mechanism
• HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol: (and other files as well). Probably the best known protocol as it is used to allow users surfing on the Internet.
• SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol: send mails to a mail server

Presentation layer:

• MIME: content encoding (for HTTP, SMTP, ...) (RFC 2045-2049)

Application layer:

• ANCP: Access Node Control Protocol: TCP based L2 control protocol used in service provider DSL and PON Networks.
• BOOTP: BOOT Protocol: antecessor of DHCP, see bellow
• DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol: distribute IP, Gateway and DNS server addresses and alike
• DNS: Domain Name System: translate human readable addresses (e.g. wiki.wireshark.org) into IP addresses
• FTP: File Transfer Protocol: file transfer (unsecure)
• IMAP: retrieve mails from a mail server
• iWARP-DDP: Direct Data Placement (part of the iWARP protocol stack)
• iWARP-MPA: Marker PDU Aligned Framing: adaptation layer between TCP and DDP (part of the iWARP protocol stack)
• iWARP-RDMAP: Remote Direct Memory Access Protocol (part of the iWARP protocol stack)
• NNTP: Network News Transfer Protocol: news transfer
• NTP: Network Time Protocol: sychronize time between hosts
• PANA: Protocol for Carrying Authentication for Network Access: user authentication for network access
• POP: Post Office Protocol: receive mails from a mail server
• RADIUS: remote user authentication and accounting
• RLogin: remote login: remote shell access (unsecure)
• RSH: Remote SHell: remote shell access (unsecure)
• RSIP: Realm Specific IP (RFC 3102-3104)
• SSH: Secure SHell: encrypted remote shell access
• SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol: network management (RFC 1157,1901-10,2271-75)
• Telnet: remote shell access (unsecure) (RFC 854,855,1700)
• TFTP: Trivial File Transfer
• SASP: Server/Application State Protocol (RFC 4678)

Unsorted:

• URN: Uniform Resource Names (RFC 1737)
• URL: Uniform Resource Locators (RFC 1738)