原文:WPF自定义控件与样式(6)-ScrollViewer与ListBox自定义样式
一．前言
申明：WPF自定义控件与样式是一个系列文章，前后是有些关联的，但大多是按照由简到繁的顺序逐步发布的等，若有不明白的地方可以参考本系列前面的文章，文末附有部分文章链接。
本文主要内容：
- ScrollViewer的样式拆解及基本样式定义；
- ListBox集合控件的样式定义；
二．ScrollViewer自定义样式
ScrollViewer在各种列表、集合控件中广泛使用的基础组建，先看看效果图：
如上图，ScrollViewer简单来说分两部分，一个横向的滚动条，一个垂直滚动条，两个样式、模板、功能都基本一样，他们都是ScrollBar。以垂直滚动条为例，分解一下，分解图：
- 1：向上滑动的按钮，用RepeatButton实现功能；
- 2：上部分滑块，功能同1，也是一个RepeatButton来实现的；
- 3：中间可拖动滑块，用一个Thumb来实现；
- 4：下部分滑块，和5功能一样，向下滑动，用一个RepeatButton来实现；
- 5：向下滑动的按钮，用RepeatButton实现功能；
上面实现的是一个标准的垂直滑动条ScrollBar组成，实际可用根据需求定制，实现不同效果的滑动效果。以上各部分的样式代码：
<sys:Double x:Key="ScrollBarSize">12</sys:Double>
<!--滚动两边按钮样式-->
<Style x:Key="ScrollBarButton" TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource TextForeground}"></Setter>
<Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Center"></Setter>
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Center"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Width" Value="auto"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Height" Value="auto"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
<TextBlock x:Name="FIcon" FontSize="12" Text="{TemplateBinding local:ControlAttachProperty.FIcon}" Margin="1"
Style="{StaticResource FIcon}" />
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource MouseOverForeground}" TargetName="FIcon"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource PressedForeground}" TargetName="FIcon"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Opacity" Value="0.5" TargetName="FIcon"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!--滚动条滑块两边按钮样式-->
<Style x:Key="ScrollBarTrackButton" TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}">
<Border Background="Transparent"></Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!--滚动条滑块样式-->
<ControlTemplate x:Key="ThumbTemplate" TargetType="Thumb">
<Grid>
<Border x:Name="Bg" CornerRadius="4" Margin="2" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" Background="{StaticResource ScrollBarForeround}">
<!--<Border.Background>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.5,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
<GradientStop Color="#C7C0C0" Offset="0.15"/>
<GradientStop Color="#AFA9A9" Offset=".5"/>
<GradientStop Color="#989494" Offset=".5"/>
<GradientStop Color="#858585" Offset="1"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Border.Background>-->
</Border>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource MouseOverForeground}" TargetName="Bg"></Setter>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False">
<Setter Property="Opacity" Value="0.5" TargetName="Bg"></Setter>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
<!--水平滚滚动条模板-->
<ControlTemplate x:Key="HorizontalScrollBar" TargetType="{x:Type ScrollBar}">
<Grid x:Name="HorizontalRoot" Height="{TemplateBinding Height}">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<!--外部背景,好像不用更好看-->
<!--<Border x:Name="Bg" Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="3" CornerRadius="0" Opacity="0" Background="#858585"/>-->
<!--内部背景-->
<Border x:Name="BgInner" Grid.Column="1" Margin="0" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" Opacity="0.3" CornerRadius="6" Background="{StaticResource ScrollBarBackground}"/>
<!--左按钮-->
<Border Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
<RepeatButton local:ControlAttachProperty.FIcon="" Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarButton}" x:Name="HorizontalSmallDecrease"
IsTabStop="False" Interval="50" Margin="0,1,0,0" Command="ScrollBar.LineLeftCommand"/>
</Border>
<!--中间滑动区域-->
<Track x:Name="PART_Track" IsDirectionReversed="False" Grid.Column="1">
<!--左滑块-->
<Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
<RepeatButton x:Name="HorizontalLargeDecrease" Command="ScrollBar.PageLeftCommand"
IsTabStop="False" Interval="50" Style="{DynamicResource ScrollBarTrackButton}" />
</Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
<!--中间滑块 Margin="1" VerticalAlignment="Center" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" -->
<Track.Thumb>
<Thumb Template="{StaticResource ThumbTemplate}" />
</Track.Thumb>
<!--右滑块-->
<Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
<RepeatButton x:Name="HorizontalLargeIncrease" Command="ScrollBar.PageRightCommand"
IsTabStop="False" Interval="50" Style="{DynamicResource ScrollBarTrackButton}" />
</Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
</Track>
<!--右按钮-->
<Border Grid.Column="2" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
<RepeatButton local:ControlAttachProperty.FIcon="" Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarButton}"
IsTabStop="False" Interval="50" Margin="0,1,0,0" Command="ScrollBar.LineRightCommand"/>
</Border>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
<Setter TargetName="BgInner" Property="Opacity" Value="0.5"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
<!--垂直滚滚动条模板-->
<ControlTemplate x:Key="VerticalScrollBar" TargetType="{x:Type ScrollBar}">
<Grid x:Name="VerticalRoot" Height="{TemplateBinding Height}">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<!--外部背景,好像不用更好看-->
<!--<Border x:Name="Bg" Grid.Row="0" Grid.RowSpan="3" CornerRadius="0" Opacity="0" Background="#858585"/>-->
<!--内部背景-->
<Border x:Name="BgInner" Grid.Row="1" Margin="0" CornerRadius="6" SnapsToDevicePixels ="True" Opacity="0.3" Background="{StaticResource ScrollBarBackground}"/>
<!--上按钮-->
<Border Grid.Row="0" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" x:Name="VerticalSmallDecrease">
<RepeatButton local:ControlAttachProperty.FIcon="" Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarButton}"
IsTabStop="False" Interval="50" Margin="0" Command="ScrollBar.LineUpCommand"/>
</Border>
<!--中间滑动区域-->
<Track x:Name="PART_Track" IsDirectionReversed="true" Grid.Row="1">
<!--上滑块-->
<Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
<RepeatButton x:Name="HorizontalLargeDecrease" Command="ScrollBar.PageUpCommand"
IsTabStop="False" Interval="50" Style="{DynamicResource ScrollBarTrackButton}" />
</Track.DecreaseRepeatButton>
<!--中间滑块-->
<Track.Thumb>
<Thumb Template="{StaticResource ThumbTemplate}" MinHeight="10"/>
</Track.Thumb>
<!--下滑块-->
<Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
<RepeatButton x:Name="HorizontalLargeIncrease" Command="ScrollBar.PageDownCommand"
IsTabStop="False" Interval="50" Style="{DynamicResource ScrollBarTrackButton}" />
</Track.IncreaseRepeatButton>
</Track>
<!--下按钮-->
<Border Grid.Row="2" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" x:Name="VerticalSmallIncrease">
<RepeatButton local:ControlAttachProperty.FIcon="" Style="{StaticResource ScrollBarButton}"
IsTabStop="False" Interval="50" Margin="0" Command="ScrollBar.LineDownCommand"/>
</Border>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
<Setter TargetName="BgInner" Property="Opacity" Value="0.5"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
<!--ScrollBar样式-->
<Style x:Key="DefaultScrollBar" TargetType="{x:Type ScrollBar}">
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="True" />
<Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="true" />
<Style.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="Orientation" Value="Horizontal">
<Setter Property="Template" Value="{StaticResource HorizontalScrollBar}" />
<Setter Property="Height" Value="{StaticResource ScrollBarSize}" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="Orientation" Value="Vertical">
<Setter Property="Template" Value="{StaticResource VerticalScrollBar}" />
<Setter Property="Width" Value="{StaticResource ScrollBarSize}" />
</Trigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
最后ScrollViewer的样式如下，其实就是两个 ScrollBar组成：
<!--ScrollViewer样式-->
<Style x:Key="DefaultScrollViewer" TargetType="{x:Type ScrollViewer}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ScrollViewer}">
<Grid x:Name="Grid" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" x:Name="leftColumn" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" x:Name="rightColumn" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<ScrollContentPresenter x:Name="PART_ScrollContentPresenter" CanContentScroll="{TemplateBinding CanContentScroll}"
CanHorizontallyScroll="False" CanVerticallyScroll="False" ContentTemplate="{TemplateBinding ContentTemplate}"
Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" />
<!--垂直滚动条 -->
<ScrollBar x:Name="PART_VerticalScrollBar" AutomationProperties.AutomationId="VerticalScrollBar"
ViewportSize="{TemplateBinding ViewportHeight}"
Cursor="Arrow" Grid.Column="1" Maximum="{TemplateBinding ScrollableHeight}"
Minimum="0" Grid.Row="0" Visibility="{TemplateBinding ComputedVerticalScrollBarVisibility}"
Value="{Binding VerticalOffset, Mode=OneWay, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/>
<!--水平底部滚动条-->
<ScrollBar x:Name="PART_HorizontalScrollBar" AutomationProperties.AutomationId="HorizontalScrollBar"
Cursor="Arrow" Grid.Column="0" Maximum="{TemplateBinding ScrollableWidth}"
Minimum="0" Orientation="Horizontal" Grid.Row="1"
Visibility="{TemplateBinding ComputedHorizontalScrollBarVisibility}"
Value="{Binding HorizontalOffset, Mode=OneWay, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
ViewportSize="{TemplateBinding ViewportWidth}" />
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
使用很简单，如果想通用，把上面定义的ScrollViewer设置为默认样式即可：
<Style TargetType="{x:Type ScrollBar}" BasedOn="{StaticResource DefaultScrollBar}"></Style>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type ScrollViewer}" BasedOn="{StaticResource DefaultScrollViewer}"></Style>
三．ListBox样式定义
ListBox是最基础、常用的集合控件，效果：
ListBox的样式比较简单，包括两部分：
- ListBoxItem项的样式；
- ListBox的样式；
完整代码：
<Style x:Key="DefaultListBoxItem" TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource TextForeground}" />
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch" />
<!--<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center" />-->
<Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="25" />
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="0" />
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent" />
<Setter Property="Padding" Value="3,0,0,0" />
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="True" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}">
<Border x:Name="Border" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}">
<ContentPresenter Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}" SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"
HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}" />
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource ItemSelectedBackground}" />
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource ItemSelectedForeground}" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource ItemMouseOverBackground}" />
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource ItemMouseOverForeground}" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Opacity" Value="{StaticResource DisableOpacity}" />
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<Style x:Key="DefaultListBox" TargetType="{x:Type ListBox}">
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="{StaticResource ControlBorderBrush}" />
<Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource ItemsContentBackground}" />
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1" />
<Setter Property="ItemContainerStyle" Value="{StaticResource DefaultListBoxItem}"></Setter>
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="True" />
<Setter Property="VirtualizingStackPanel.IsVirtualizing" Value="False"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ListBox}">
<Border Name="Border" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}">
<ScrollViewer>
<ItemsPresenter />
</ScrollViewer>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Opacity" Value="{StaticResource DisableOpacity}" />
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
ListBox默认是支持虚拟化的，当加载大数据时需要开启虚拟化，或者定义一个虚拟化的样式：
<!--支持虚拟化的ListBox-->
<Style x:Key="VirtualListBox" TargetType="{x:Type ListBox}" BasedOn="{StaticResource DefaultListBox}">
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="True" />
<Setter Property="VirtualizingStackPanel.IsVirtualizing" Value="True"></Setter>
<Setter Property="VirtualizingStackPanel.VirtualizationMode" Value="Recycling" />
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.IsDeferredScrollingEnabled" Value="False" />
</Style>
上面演示效果的代码示例：
<ListBox Margin="5" SelectionMode="Multiple" >
<ListBoxItem Style="{StaticResource RadioButtonListBoxItem}">男</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Style="{StaticResource RadioButtonListBoxItem}">女</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Style="{StaticResource RadioButtonListBoxItem}">其他</ListBoxItem>
<CheckBox>2222333333333333333</CheckBox>
<CheckBox>2222333333333333333</CheckBox>
<CheckBox>2222333333333333333</CheckBox>
<CheckBox>2222333333333333333</CheckBox>
<CheckBox>2222333333333333333</CheckBox>
<CheckBox>2222333333333333333</CheckBox>
<CheckBox>2222333333333333333</CheckBox>
<CheckBox>2222333333333333333</CheckBox>
<TextBox Width="200"></TextBox>
<ListBoxItem IsSelected="True">111</ListBoxItem>
</ListBox>
<ListBox Margin="5" Grid.Column="1">
<ListBoxItem Style="{StaticResource RadioButtonListBoxItem}">男</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Style="{StaticResource RadioButtonListBoxItem}">女</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Style="{StaticResource RadioButtonListBoxItem}">其他</ListBoxItem>
</ListBox>
另外提供一个比较常用的需求，ListBox单选RadioButton效果样式，如上图右边的那个ListBox效果：
<Style x:Key="RadioButtonListBoxItem" TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}" BasedOn="{StaticResource DefaultListBoxItem}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ListBoxItem}">
<Border x:Name="Border" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}">
<RadioButton IsChecked="{Binding IsSelected,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent},Mode=TwoWay}">
<RadioButton.Content>
<ContentPresenter Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}" SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"
HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}" />
</RadioButton.Content>
</RadioButton>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource ItemSelectedBackground}" />
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource ItemSelectedForeground}" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource ItemMouseOverBackground}" />
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource ItemMouseOverForeground}" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="False">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Opacity" Value="{StaticResource DisableOpacity}" />
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
附录：参考引用
WPF自定义控件与样式(1)-矢量字体图标(iconfont)
WPF自定义控件与样式(3)-TextBox & RichTextBox & PasswordBox样式、水印、Label标签、功能扩展
WPF自定义控件与样式(4)-CheckBox/RadioButton自定义样式
WPF自定义控件与样式(5)-Calendar/DatePicker日期控件自定义样式及扩展
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时间： 2024-10-23 13:15:55