OpenXml相对于用MS提供的COM组件来生成WORD,有如下优势:
1.相对于MS 的COM组件,因为版本带来的不兼容问题,及各种会生成WORD半途会崩溃的问题.
2.对比填满一张30多页的WORD来说(包含图,表等),用COM组件来生成会占用20秒,Openxml1秒.
3.MS Word软件太贵了,你的客户装的是开源WORD,如LibreOffice,OpenOffice.这样你就只能用Openxml生成的WORD文档,各种支持MS Word都能打开,避免客户机器上安装MS Word.
简单来说OpenXml的各个操作.
首先用OpenXml打开一张报表.
public void CreateOpenXMLFile(string filePath)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument objWordDocument = WordprocessingDocument.Create(filePath, WordprocessingDocumentType.Document))
{
MainDocumentPart objMainDocumentPart = objWordDocument.AddMainDocumentPart();
objMainDocumentPart.Document = new Document(new Body());
Body objBody = objMainDocumentPart.Document.Body;
//创建一些需要用到的样式,如标题3,标题4,在OpenXml里面,这些样式都要自己来创建的
//ReportExport.CreateParagraphStyle(objWordDocument);
SectionProperties sectionProperties = new SectionProperties();
PageSize pageSize = new PageSize();
PageMargin pageMargin = new PageMargin();
Columns columns = new Columns() { Space = "220" };//720
DocGrid docGrid = new DocGrid() { LinePitch = 100 };//360
//创建页面的大小,页距,页面方向一些基本的设置,如A4,B4,Letter,
//GetPageSetting(PageSize,PageMargin);
//在这里填充各个Paragraph,与Table,页面上第一级元素就是段落,表格.
objBody.Append(new Paragraph());
objBody.Append(new Table());
objBody.Append(new Paragraph());
//我会告诉你这里的顺序很重要吗?下面才是把上面那些设置放到Word里去.(大家可以试试把这下面的代码放上面,会不会出现打开openxml文件有误,因为内容有误)
sectionProperties.Append(pageSize, pageMargin, columns, docGrid);
objBody.Append(sectionProperties);
//如果有页眉,在这里添加页眉.
if (IsAddHead)
{
//添加页面,如果有图片,这个图片和上面添加在objBody方式有点不一样,这里搞了好久.
//ReportExport.AddHeader(objMainDocumentPart, image);
}
objMainDocumentPart.Document.Save();
}
}
从这个总纲里,把上面的各个步骤再来仔细说下.
首先是在Openxml创建标题3,标题4.
// 为文档创建段落样式
public static void CreateParagraphStyle(WordprocessingDocument doc)
{
// 进入文档控制样式部分
StyleDefinitionsPart styleDefinitionsPart;
styleDefinitionsPart = doc.MainDocumentPart.AddNewPart<StyleDefinitionsPart>();
Styles root = new Styles();
root.Save(styleDefinitionsPart);
Styles styles = styleDefinitionsPart.Styles;
if (styles == null)
{
styleDefinitionsPart.Styles = new Styles();
styleDefinitionsPart.Styles.Save();
}
Style style3 = CreateTitleStyle(3);
Style style4 = CreateTitleStyle(4);
// 把样式添加入文档中
styles.Append(style3);
styles.Append(style4);
}
private static Style CreateTitleStyle(int titleIndex)
{
string titleID = titleIndex.ToString();
string rsid = string.Empty;
string before = string.Empty;
string after = string.Empty;
string line = string.Empty;
string val = string.Empty;
int outline = titleIndex - 1;
if (titleIndex == 3)
{
rsid = "00BA1E98";
before = "130";//"260"
after = "0";
line = "286";//"416"
val = "32";
}
else if (titleIndex == 4)
{
rsid = "00BA1E98";
before = "88";
after = "0";
line = "288";//"376"
val = "28";
}
Style style2 = new Style() { Type = StyleValues.Paragraph, StyleId = titleID };
StyleName styleName2 = new StyleName() { Val = "heading " + titleID };
BasedOn basedOn1 = new BasedOn() { Val = "a" };
NextParagraphStyle nextParagraphStyle1 = new NextParagraphStyle() { Val = "a" };
LinkedStyle linkedStyle1 = new LinkedStyle() { Val = titleID + "Char" };
UIPriority uIPriority1 = new UIPriority() { Val = 9 };
PrimaryStyle primaryStyle2 = new PrimaryStyle();
Rsid rsid2 = new Rsid() { Val = rsid };
style2.Append(styleName2);
style2.Append(basedOn1);
style2.Append(nextParagraphStyle1);
style2.Append(linkedStyle1);
style2.Append(uIPriority1);
style2.Append(primaryStyle2);
style2.Append(rsid2);
StyleParagraphProperties styleParagraphProperties2 = new StyleParagraphProperties();
KeepNext keepNext1 = new KeepNext();
KeepLines keepLines1 = new KeepLines();
SpacingBetweenLines spacingBetweenLines1 = new SpacingBetweenLines() { Before = before, After = after, Line = line, LineRule = LineSpacingRuleValues.Auto };
OutlineLevel outlineLevel1 = new OutlineLevel() { Val = outline };
styleParagraphProperties2.Append(keepNext1);
styleParagraphProperties2.Append(keepLines1);
styleParagraphProperties2.Append(spacingBetweenLines1);
styleParagraphProperties2.Append(outlineLevel1);
style2.Append(styleParagraphProperties2);
StyleRunProperties styleRunProperties1 = new StyleRunProperties();
Bold bold1 = new Bold();
BoldComplexScript boldComplexScript1 = new BoldComplexScript();
// Kern kern2 = new Kern() { Val = (UInt32)44U };
FontSize fontSize2 = new FontSize() { Val = val };
FontSizeComplexScript fontSizeComplexScript2 = new FontSizeComplexScript() { Val = val };
styleRunProperties1.Append(bold1);
styleRunProperties1.Append(boldComplexScript1);
//styleRunProperties1.Append(kern2);
styleRunProperties1.Append(fontSize2);
styleRunProperties1.Append(fontSizeComplexScript2);
style2.Append(styleRunProperties1);
return style2;
}
然后是对页面大小,页面方向,页距设置.(懒的和报表里的一个个对应,里面的页距有很多大家可以精确设置.)
public static void GetPageSetting(ref PageSize pageSize, ref PageMargin pageMargin)
{
bool val = IsPaperOrientation;
string str_paperSize = "Letter";//A4,B4
UInt32Value width = 15840U;
UInt32Value height = 12240U;
int top = 1440;
UInt32Value left = 1440U;
if (str_paperSize == "A4")
{
width = 16840U;
height = 11905U;
}
else if (str_paperSize == "B4")
{
width = 20636U;
height = 14570U;
}
if (!val)
{
UInt32Value sweep = width;
width = height;
height = sweep;
int top_sweep = top;
top = (int)left.Value;
left = (uint)top_sweep;
}
pageSize.Width = width;
pageSize.Height = height;
pageSize.Orient = new EnumValue<PageOrientationValues>(val ? PageOrientationValues.Landscape : PageOrientationValues.Portrait);
pageMargin.Top = top;
pageMargin.Bottom = top;
pageMargin.Left = left;
pageMargin.Right = left;
pageMargin.Header = (UInt32Value)720U;
pageMargin.Footer = (UInt32Value)720U;
pageMargin.Gutter = (UInt32Value)0U;
}
然后重点来了,大家对各元素如何在OpenXml添加的.
我先说下,在Openxml里相关元素的关系,在Word里,按一下Enter,转一行,对应的一行元素就是Paragraph,那如果一行文字在里面如何存放.Paragraph->Run->Text,图表Paragraph->Run->Drawing,表格Table->TableRow->TableCell->Paragraph->Run->Text与Drawing.在关系上说,还是很简洁的.来看一下具体的操作,我们先定义一个类.对应OpenXML里的基本样式设置.
public class ReportCommon
{
public const float defaultSize = 12f;
public const float H1 = 20f;
public const float H3 = 16f;
public const float H4 = 14f;
private string text = string.Empty;
public ReportCommon()
{
Alignment = -1;
Size = defaultSize;
}
//规定-1左对齐,0中间,1右对齐
public int Alignment { get; set; }
public virtual float Size { get; set; }
public string Text { get; set; }
public virtual bool IsBold { get; set; }
}
其中我定义这个类的三个子类,分别是ReportValue:主要是这种A: B,ReportImage:包含一个图片的路径.ReportText:只有一个文本.
private static List<Run> GetRuns(ReportCommon common)
{
List<Run> runs = new List<Run>();
if (common is ReportValue)
{
ReportValue reportvalue = common as ReportValue;
Run r = new Run();
RunProperties rP = GetRunProperties(reportvalue, true);
r.Append(rP);
string text = reportvalue.Text;
if (text.EndsWith(":"))
text = text + " ";
if (!text.EndsWith(": "))
text = text + ": ";
Text t = CreateText(text);
r.Append(t);
runs.Add(r);
r = new Run();
rP = GetRunProperties(reportvalue, false);
r.Append(rP);
r.Append(CreateText(reportvalue.Value));
runs.Add(r);
}
else if (common is ReportImage)
{
ReportImage reportImage = common as ReportImage;
Run r = new Run();
RunProperties rP = GetRunProperties(reportImage);
Drawing image = GetImageToBody(reportImage.RId, reportImage.Width * 600, reportImage.Height * 800);
//Drawing image = new Drawing();
//image.Append(new A.Blip() { Embed = new StringValue(reportImage.RId) });
r.Append(rP);
r.Append(image);
runs.Add(r);
}
else if (common is ReportText)
{
Run r = new Run();
RunProperties rP = GetRunProperties(common);
r.Append(rP);
r.Append(CreateText(common.Text));
runs.Add(r);
}
return runs;
}
看了这里,问题是不是越来越多.图片具体操作先不说.上面的RunProperties,与CreateText分别是指什么.
RunProperties是指包含这段Text,你要设置的一些字体大小,颜色,文本对齐设置.
而CreateText是因为我们在Openxml你在后面加个空格,而会给你过滤掉,空格要对应到XML的具体设置,看如下代码.
public static RunProperties GetRunProperties(ReportCommon common, bool bBold = false)
{
RunProperties rPr = new RunProperties();
//Color color = new Color() { Val = "FF0000" }; // the color is red
RunFonts rFont = new RunFonts();
rFont.Ascii = "Arial"; // the font is Arial
//rPr.Append(color);
//rPr.Append(rFont);
if (common.IsBold || bBold)
rPr.Append(new Bold()); // it is Bold
//TextAlignment
rPr.Append(new FontSize() { Val = new StringValue((common.Size * 2).ToString()) }); //font size (in 1/72 of an inch)
return rPr;
}
private static Text CreateText(string text)
{
if (text == null)
text = string.Empty;
Text t = new Text(text);
if (text.EndsWith(" "))
{
t.Space = new EnumValue<SpaceProcessingModeValues>(SpaceProcessingModeValues.Preserve);
}
if (text.StartsWith(" "))
{
t.Space = new EnumValue<SpaceProcessingModeValues>(SpaceProcessingModeValues.Default);
}
return t;
}
不知这么多代码大家看烦没,因为我这人喜欢不是业务与大纲的事,都喜欢直接看代码来说,比人讲的清楚.所以讲的时候也喜欢,直接上代码.废话不说了,说下图片的问题,Openxml插入图片比较麻烦,先贴一段代码.
private static Drawing GetImageToBody(string relationshipId, int x = 914400, int y = 360000)
{
// Define the reference of the image.
var element =
new Drawing(
new DW.Inline(
new DW.Extent() { Cx = x, Cy = y },
new DW.EffectExtent()
{
LeftEdge = 0L,
TopEdge = 0L,
RightEdge = 0L,
BottomEdge = 0L
},
new DW.DocProperties()
{
Id = (UInt32Value)1U,
Name = "Picture 1"
},
new DW.NonVisualGraphicFrameDrawingProperties(
new A.GraphicFrameLocks() { NoChangeAspect = true }),
new A.Graphic(
new A.GraphicData(
new PIC.Picture(
new PIC.NonVisualPictureProperties(
new PIC.NonVisualDrawingProperties()
{
Id = (UInt32Value)0U,
Name = "New Bitmap Image.jpg"
},
new PIC.NonVisualPictureDrawingProperties()),
new PIC.BlipFill(
new A.Blip(
new A.BlipExtensionList(
new A.BlipExtension()
{
Uri =
"{28A0092B-C50C-407E-A947-70E740481C1C}"
})
)
{
Embed = relationshipId,
CompressionState =
A.BlipCompressionValues.Print
},
new A.Stretch(
new A.FillRectangle())),
new PIC.ShapeProperties(
new A.Transform2D(
new A.Offset() { X = 0L, Y = 0L },
new A.Extents() { Cx = x, Cy = y }),
new A.PresetGeometry(
new A.AdjustValueList()
) { Preset = A.ShapeTypeValues.Rectangle }))
) { Uri = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" })
)
{
DistanceFromTop = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromBottom = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromLeft = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromRight = (UInt32Value)0U,
EditId = "50D07946"
});
// Append the reference to body, the element should be in a Run.
var blip = element.Descendants<DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing.Blip>()
.FirstOrDefault<DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing.Blip>();
return element;
}
这段代码里,东东比较多,大家主要看这一节, Embed = relationshipId,也是参数里要求传入的,我们可以这么理解,在OpenXML插入一张电脑的图片,插入数据到word后,word然后把保存这个图片的一个标识量给我们,让我们来用,就是relationshipId.说到这,我们好像还没看如何把一张路径下的图片插入word.如下
public static void CreateImageRid(ReportImage reportImage, MainDocumentPart objMainDocumentPart)
{
ImagePartType imagetype = ImagePartType.Jpeg;
FileInfo newImg = new FileInfo(reportImage.Value);
ImagePart newImgPart = objMainDocumentPart.AddImagePart(imagetype);
//插入图片数据到Word里去.
using (FileStream stream = newImg.OpenRead())
{
newImgPart.FeedData(stream);
}
//Word返回给我们插入数据的标识符.
reportImage.RId = objMainDocumentPart.GetIdOfPart(newImgPart);
}
这里图片插入有先后关系,要先调用上面这段,插入数据到word,然后才能调用上上段的那段代码来生成Drawing元素.
大家如果要把图片的宽度,设为当前Word的可用宽度.Int32Value width = (int)(pageSize.Width - pageMargin.Right - pageMargin.Left);
好吧,大家会发现上上段那里的长度特大,这里发现这里的值要很大才能显现比较好看的图片,一般我在原来的基础宽度*600,基础长度*800.原因吗,我也不清楚,有些猜测,没有验证就不说了,这个要求OpenXML生成报表比较急,我把这几天所有操作先总结一下.后面再来修改,如果有知道的道友,不妨说一下.
在这里,文字与图片如何生成Paragraph就很简单了.
public static Paragraph GetParagraph(ReportCommon common)
{
Paragraph p = new Paragraph();
ParagraphProperties pPr = GetParagraphProperties(common);
p.Append(pPr);
List<Run> run = GetRuns(common);
foreach (var r in run)
{
p.Append(r);
}
return p;
}
好吧,最后说到如何在OpenXML生成一张表.生成图表我用的基础数据是List<List<string>>,上面的 ReportTable数据就放在这个里面.当然还有一些基本的定义属性就不说.具体如下看代码.
public static Table GetParagraph(ReportTable reportTable, Int32Value width)
{
Table table = new Table();
TableProperties tblProp = new TableProperties(
new TableBorders(
new TopBorder() { Val = new EnumValue<BorderValues>(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 },
new BottomBorder() { Val = new EnumValue<BorderValues>(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 },
new LeftBorder() { Val = new EnumValue<BorderValues>(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 },
new RightBorder() { Val = new EnumValue<BorderValues>(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 },
new InsideHorizontalBorder() { Val = new EnumValue<BorderValues>(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 },
new InsideVerticalBorder() { Val = new EnumValue<BorderValues>(BorderValues.Single), Size = 4 }
)
);
tblProp.TableWidth = new TableWidth() { Width = width.ToString(), Type = TableWidthUnitValues.Dxa };
table.Append(tblProp);
int count = reportTable.Value.Count;
int cols = reportTable.Column;
int j = 0;
foreach (List<string> strs in reportTable.Value)
{
TableRow row = new TableRow();
for (int i = 0; i < cols; i++)
{
TableCell cell = new TableCell();
TableCellProperties tableCellProperties = new TableCellProperties();
TableCellMargin margin = new TableCellMargin();
margin.LeftMargin = new LeftMargin() { Width = "100", Type = TableWidthUnitValues.Dxa };
margin.RightMargin = new RightMargin() { Width = "100", Type = TableWidthUnitValues.Dxa };
tableCellProperties.Append(margin);
Paragraph par = new Paragraph();
Run run = new Run();
if (j == 0 && reportTable.IsHaveColumn)
{
RunProperties rPr = new RunProperties();
rPr.Append(new Bold());
run.Append(rPr);
}
if (strs.Count != cols && i >= strs.Count - 1)
{
HorizontalMerge verticalMerge = new HorizontalMerge();
if (i == strs.Count - 1)
{
RunProperties rPr = new RunProperties();
rPr.Append(new Bold());
run.Append(rPr);
verticalMerge.Val = MergedCellValues.Restart;
run.Append(CreateText(strs[i]));
}
else
{
verticalMerge.Val = MergedCellValues.Continue;
}
tableCellProperties.Append(verticalMerge);
}
else
{
run.Append(CreateText(strs[i]));
}
par.Append(run);
cell.Append(tableCellProperties);
cell.Append(par);
row.Append(cell);
}
j++;
table.Append(row);
}
return table;
}
代码可以简单的多,只是因为有一些要求,比如你表每行是5个数据,但是有一行,数据只有四个,有二个表格合并了,这里会默认把最后二格合并,具体意思大家可以改改代码看.
好吧,到这里,就差不多,元素添加完后,然后是把相关页面大小的设置加到objBody,最后是添加页眉.
public static void AddHeader(MainDocumentPart mainDocPart, ReportImage reportImge)
{
// Delete the existing header parts.
mainDocPart.DeleteParts(mainDocPart.HeaderParts);
// Create a new header part and get its relationship id.
HeaderPart newHeaderPart = mainDocPart.AddNewPart<HeaderPart>();
string rId = mainDocPart.GetIdOfPart(newHeaderPart);
ImagePart imagepart = newHeaderPart.AddImagePart(ImagePartType.Jpeg);
FileInfo newImg = new FileInfo(reportImge.Value);
using (FileStream stream = newImg.OpenRead())
{
imagepart.FeedData(stream);
}
string imageRID = newHeaderPart.GetIdOfPart(imagepart);
reportImge.RId = imageRID;
Header header = GeneratePageHeaderPart(reportImge);
header.Save(newHeaderPart);
foreach (SectionProperties sectProperties in
mainDocPart.Document.Descendants<SectionProperties>())
{
// Delete any existing references to headers.
foreach (HeaderReference headerReference in
sectProperties.Descendants<HeaderReference>())
sectProperties.RemoveChild(headerReference);
HeaderReference newHeaderReference =
new HeaderReference() { Id = rId, Type = HeaderFooterValues.Default };
sectProperties.Append(newHeaderReference);
}
header.Save();
}
// Creates an header instance and adds its children.
private static Header GeneratePageHeaderPart(ReportImage reportImge)
{
var runs = GetRuns(reportImge);
Paragraph paragraph = new Paragraph();
paragraph.Append(GetParagraphProperties(reportImge));
foreach (var run in runs)
{
paragraph.Append(run);
}
paragraph.Append(new Run(new Text() { Text = "" }));
Header header = new Header();
header.Append(paragraph);
return header;
}
上面的代码主要注意,Image所指的路径存放的和在前面的Document里不一样,这里存放在Header里,从Word文件解压来说,二都是不同的XML文档,你把图片数据写在Document里,得到的标识符在Header是空的.
好了.OpenXML的主要操作都在这了,但是大家如果想生成这种样式,应该如何处理?
上面每一个元素如 Payload Mass (LBS): 0.22046,就是前面的ReportValue,如何以这种对齐方式来插入了?引入一个新的结构,ReportValueList,主要就是ReportValue的键表信息.
public static List<Paragraph> GetParagraph(ReportValueList valueList, Int32Value width, int column = 2)
{
if (column < 1)
column = 1;
List<Paragraph> list = new List<Paragraph>();
int currentcolumn = 0;
Paragraph currentParagraph = null;
foreach (var reportvalue in valueList.Values)
{
reportvalue.Size = valueList.Size;
if (currentcolumn == 0)
{
currentParagraph = new Paragraph();
ParagraphProperties pPr = new ParagraphProperties();
//添加标签类
Tabs tabs = new Tabs();
Int32Value eachWidth = width / (new Int32Value(column));
for (int i = 1; i < column; i++)
{
TabStop stop = new TabStop();
stop.Val = new EnumValue<TabStopValues>(TabStopValues.Left);
stop.Position = eachWidth * i;
tabs.Append(stop);
}
pPr.Append(tabs);
currentParagraph.Append(pPr);
list.Add(currentParagraph);
}
List<Run> runs = GetRuns(reportvalue);
foreach (var run in runs)
{
currentParagraph.Append(run);
}
currentcolumn++;
if (currentcolumn < column)
{
Run run = new Run();
run.Append(new TabChar());
currentParagraph.Append(run);
}
if (currentcolumn >= column)
{
currentcolumn = 0;
}
}
return list;
}
主要是对元素TabStop的运用,仔细的大家可以去查查文档
写到这里,忘记写要用到的命名空间.
using A = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing; using PIC = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing.Pictures; using DW = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing.Wordprocessing; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Wordprocessing;
这个就到这里了.下面如果有时间,我会讲一下,如果对整张报表来进行模版化,意思是在word里的每一个表,一个图片,一个文字,在软件上用生成的结果来替换相应的元素.
时间： 2024-10-04 03:04:42