控制台单调的颜色只有黑白两种，看起来多少有点单调。其实，可以利用SetConsoleTextAttribute函数设置控制台的前景色和背景色。
该函数需要头文件 #include <windows.h>
一、颜色可以混合，遵循配色原理
1. #include <windows.h>
2. #include <iostream>
3. using namespace std;
4.
5.
6. int main()
7. {
8. HANDLE hOut;
9.
10.
11. hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
12.
13.
14. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
15. FOREGROUND_RED |
16. FOREGROUND_GREEN);
17. cout << "This text is yellow." << endl;
18.
19.
20. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
21. FOREGROUND_GREEN |
22. FOREGROUND_BLUE);
23. cout << "This text is cyan." << endl;
24.
25.
26. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
27. FOREGROUND_BLUE |
28. FOREGROUND_RED);
29. cout << "This text is magenta." << endl;
30.
31.
32. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
33. FOREGROUND_RED |
34. FOREGROUND_GREEN |
35. FOREGROUND_BLUE);
36. cout << "This text is white." << endl;
37.
38.
39. return 0;
40. }
二、明暗颜色
1. #include <windows.h>
2. #include <iostream>
3. using namespace std;
4.
5. int main()
6. {
7. HANDLE hOut;
8.
9. hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
10.
11. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
12. FOREGROUND_RED);
13. cout << "Red " << flush;
14. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
15. FOREGROUND_RED |
16. FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
17. cout << "Red" << endl;
18.
19. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
20. FOREGROUND_GREEN);
21. cout << "Green " << flush;
22. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
23. FOREGROUND_GREEN |
24. FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
25. cout << "Green" << endl;
26.
27. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
28. FOREGROUND_BLUE);
29. cout << "Blue " << flush;
30. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
31. FOREGROUND_BLUE |
32. FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
33. cout << "Blue" << endl;
34.
35. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
36. FOREGROUND_RED |
37. FOREGROUND_GREEN);
38. cout << "Yellow " << flush;
39. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
40. FOREGROUND_RED |
41. FOREGROUND_GREEN |
42. FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
43. cout << "Yellow" << endl;
44.
45. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
46. FOREGROUND_GREEN |
47. FOREGROUND_BLUE);
48. cout << "Cyan " << flush;
49. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
50. FOREGROUND_GREEN |
51. FOREGROUND_BLUE |
52. FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
53. cout << "Cyan" << endl;
54.
55. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
56. FOREGROUND_BLUE |
57. FOREGROUND_RED);
58. cout << "Magenta " << flush;
59. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
60. FOREGROUND_BLUE |
61. FOREGROUND_RED |
62. FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
63. cout << "Magenta" << endl;
64.
65. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
66. FOREGROUND_RED |
67. FOREGROUND_GREEN |
68. FOREGROUND_BLUE);
69. cout << "White " << flush;
70. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
71. FOREGROUND_RED |
72. FOREGROUND_GREEN |
73. FOREGROUND_BLUE |
74. FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
75. cout << "White" << endl;
76.
77. return 0;
78. }
三、背景颜色
1. #include <windows.h>
2. #include <iostream>
3. using namespace std;
4.
5. int main()
6. {
7. HANDLE hOut;
8.
9. hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
10.
11. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
12. BACKGROUND_RED);
13. cout << "Red " << flush;
14. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
15. BACKGROUND_RED |
16. BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
17. cout << "Red " << endl;
18.
19. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
20. BACKGROUND_GREEN);
21. cout << "Green " << flush;
22. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
23. BACKGROUND_GREEN |
24. BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
25. cout << "Green " << endl;
26.
27. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
28. BACKGROUND_BLUE);
29. cout << "Blue " << flush;
30. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
31. BACKGROUND_BLUE |
32. BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
33. cout << "Blue " << endl;
34.
35. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
36. BACKGROUND_RED |
37. BACKGROUND_GREEN);
38. cout << "Yellow " << flush;
39. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
40. BACKGROUND_RED |
41. BACKGROUND_GREEN |
42. BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
43. cout << "Yellow " << endl;
44.
45. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
46. BACKGROUND_GREEN |
47. BACKGROUND_BLUE);
48. cout << "Cyan " << flush;
49. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
50. BACKGROUND_GREEN |
51. BACKGROUND_BLUE |
52. BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
53. cout << "Cyan " << endl;
54.
55. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
56. BACKGROUND_BLUE |
57. BACKGROUND_RED);
58. cout << "Magenta " << flush;
59. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
60. BACKGROUND_BLUE |
61. BACKGROUND_RED |
62. BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
63. cout << "Magenta " << endl;
64.
65. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
66. BACKGROUND_RED |
67. BACKGROUND_GREEN |
68. BACKGROUND_BLUE);
69. cout << "White " << flush;
70. SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut,
71. BACKGROUND_RED |
72. BACKGROUND_GREEN |
73. BACKGROUND_BLUE |
74. BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
75. cout << "White " << endl;
76.
77. return 0;
78. }
四、简化颜色函数
#include <windows.h>
void color(int b)
{
HANDLE hConsole=GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole,b);
}
具体配色，参见下图：
|
值 |
含义 |
|
STD_INPUT_HANDLE |
标准输入的句柄 |
|
STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE |
标准输出的句柄 |
|
STD_ERROR_HANDLE |
标准错误的句柄 |
wAttributes是用来设置颜色的参数：
|
wAttributes |
颜色 |
对应的值（b） |
|
FOREGROUND_BLUE |
字体颜色：蓝 |
1 |
|
FOREGROUND_GREEN |
字体颜色：绿 |
2 |
|
FOREGROUND_RED |
字体颜色：红 |
4 |
|
FOREGROUND_INTENSITY |
前景色高亮显示 |
8 |
|
BACKGROUND_BLUE |
背景颜色：蓝 |
16 |
|
BACKGROUND_GREEN |
背景颜色：绿 |
32 |
|
BACKGROUND_RED |
背景颜色：红 |
64 |
|
BACKGROUND_INTENSITY |
背景色高亮显示 |
128 |
也就是说SetConsoleTextAttribute函数是靠一个字节的低四来控制前景色，高四位来控制背景色。
例如：
color(4):字体为红；color(8+4):字体为亮红；
color(6):字体为黄；color(8+6):字体为亮黄；
背景色同理。
时间： 2024-10-11 11:42:00