pre{
border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#000;line-height:1;
color:#3c65d1;
background-color:#1e1e1e;
font-size:16px;}.sysFunc{color:#2d8000;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;}
.selfFuc{color:#f3e191;}
.bool{color:#f6ac77;}
.condition{color:#008080;font-weight:bold;}
.key{color:#ffc057;}
.var{color:#61afba;font-style:italic;}
.Digit{color:#008000;font-weight:bold;}
.includePre{color:#3c65d1;}
.operator_D{color:#ff00ff;font-weight:bold;}
.operator_X{color:#65ec0f;font-weight:bold;}
函数名:?sbrk?
功??能:?改变数据段空间位置?
用??法:?char?*sbrk(int?incr);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<alloc.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???printf("Changing?allocation?with?sbrk()\n");?
???printf("Before?sbrk()?call:?%lu?bytes?free\n",?
???(unsigned?long)?coreleft());?
???sbrk(1000);?
???printf("?After?sbrk()?call:?%lu?bytes?free\n",?
???(unsigned?long)?coreleft());?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?scanf?
功??能:?执行格式化输入?
用??法:?int?scanf(char?*format[,argument,...]);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???char?label[20];?
???char?name[20];?
???int?entries?=?0;?
???int?loop,?age;?
???double?salary;?
???struct?Entry_struct?
???{?
??????char??name[20];?
??????int???age;?
??????float?salary;?
???}?entry[20];?
/*?Input?a?label?as?a?string?of?characters?restricting?to?20?characters?*/?
???printf("\n\nPlease?enter?a?label?for?the?chart:?");?
???scanf("%20s",?label);?
???fflush(stdin);??/*?flush?the?input?stream?in?case?of?bad?input?*/?
/*?Input?number?of?entries?as?an?integer?*/?
???printf("How?many?entries?will?there?be??(less?than?20)?");?
???scanf("%d",?&entries);?
???fflush(stdin);???/*?flush?the?input?stream?in?case?of?bad?input?*/?
/*?input?a?name?restricting?input?to?only?letters?upper?or?lower?case?*/?
???for?(loop=0;loop<entries;++loop)?
???{?
??????printf("Entry?%d\n",?loop);?
??????printf("??Name???:?");?
??????scanf("%[A-Za-z]",?entry[loop].name);?
??????fflush(stdin);??/*?flush?the?input?stream?in?case?of?bad?input?*/?
/*?input?an?age?as?an?integer?*/?
??????printf("??Age????:?");?
??????scanf("%d",?&entry[loop].age);?
??????fflush(stdin);??/*?flush?the?input?stream?in?case?of?bad?input?*/?
/*?input?a?salary?as?a?float?*/?
??????printf("??Salary?:?");?
??????scanf("%f",?&entry[loop].salary);?
??????fflush(stdin);?/*?flush?the?input?stream?in?case?of?bad?input?*/?
???}?
/*?Input?a?name,?age?and?salary?as?a?string,?integer,?and?double?*/?
???printf("\nPlease?enter?your?name,?age?and?salary\n");?
???scanf("%20s?%d?%lf",?name,?&age,?&salary);?
??
/*?Print?out?the?data?that?was?input?*/?
???printf("\n\nTable?%s\n",label);?
???printf("Compiled?by?%s??age?%d??$%15.2lf\n",?name,?age,?salary);?
???printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n");?
???for?(loop=0;loop<entries;++loop)?
??????printf("%4d?|?%-20s?|?%5d?|?%15.2lf\n",?
?????????loop?+?1,?
??entry[loop].name,?
??entry[loop].age,?
?????????entry[loop].salary);?
???printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n");?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?searchpath?
功??能:?搜索DOS路径?
用??法:?char?*searchpath(char?*filename);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<dir.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???char?*p;?
???/*?Looks?for?TLINK?and?returns?a?pointer?
??????to?the?path??*/?
???p?=?searchpath("TLINK.EXE");?
???printf("Search?for?TLINK.EXE?:?%s\n",?p);?
???/*?Looks?for?non-existent?file??*/?
???p?=?searchpath("NOTEXIST.FIL");?
???printf("Search?for?NOTEXIST.FIL?:?%s\n",?p);?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?sector?
功??能:?画并填充椭圆扇区?
用??法:?void?far?sector(int?x,?int?y,?int?stangle,?int?endangle);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?midx,?midy,?i;?
???int?stangle?=?45,?endangle?=?135;?
???int?xrad?=?100,?yrad?=?50;?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???midx?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???midy?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???/*?loop?through?the?fill?patterns?*/?
???for?(i=EMPTY_FILL;?i<USER_FILL;?i++)?
???{?
??????/*?set?the?fill?style?*/?
??????setfillstyle(i,?getmaxcolor());?
??????/*?draw?the?sector?slice?*/?
??????sector(midx,?midy,?stangle,?endangle,?xrad,?yrad);?
??????getch();?
???}?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
函数名:?segread?
功??能:?读段寄存器值?
用??法:?void?segread(struct?SREGS?*segtbl);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<dos.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???struct?SREGS?segs;?
???segread(&segs);?
???printf("Current?segment?register?settings\n\n");?
???printf("CS:?%X???DS:?%X\n",?segs.cs,?segs.ds);?
???printf("ES:?%X???SS:?%X\n",?segs.es,?segs.ss);?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:setactivepage?
功??能:?设置图形输出活动页?
用??法:?void?far?setactivepage(int?pagenum);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?select?a?driver?and?mode?that?supports?*/?
???/*?multiple?pages.????????????????????????*/?
???int?gdriver?=?EGA,?gmode?=?EGAHI,?errorcode;?
???int?x,?y,?ht;?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???x?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???y?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???ht?=?textheight("W");?
???/*??select?the?off?screen?page?for?drawing?*/?
???setactivepage(1);?
???/*?draw?a?line?on?page?#1?*/?
???line(0,?0,?getmaxx(),?getmaxy());?
???/*?output?a?message?on?page?#1?*/?
???settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT,?CENTER_TEXT);?
???outtextxy(x,?y,?"This?is?page?#1:");?
???outtextxy(x,?y+ht,?"Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
???/*?select?drawing?to?page?#0?*/?
???setactivepage(0);?
???/*?output?a?message??on?page?#0?*/?
???outtextxy(x,?y,?"This?is?page?#0.");?
???outtextxy(x,?y+ht,?"Press?any?key?to?view?page?#1:");?
???getch();?
???/*?select?page?#1?as?the?visible?page?*/?
???setvisualpage(1);?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???getch();?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setallpallette?
功??能:?按指定方式改变所有的调色板颜色?
用??法:?void?far?setallpallette(struct?palette,?far?*pallette);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???struct?palettetype?pal;?
???int?color,?maxcolor,?ht;?
???int?y?=?10;?
???char?msg[80];?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???maxcolor?=?getmaxcolor();?
???ht?=?2?*?textheight("W");?
???/*?grab?a?copy?of?the?palette?*/?
???getpalette(&pal);?
???/*?display?the?default?palette?colors?*/?
???for?(color=1;?color<=maxcolor;?color++)?
???{?
??????setcolor(color);?
??????sprintf(msg,?"Color:?%d",?color);?
??????outtextxy(1,?y,?msg);?
??????y?+=?ht;?
???}?
???/*?wait?for?a?key?*/?
???getch();?
???/*?black?out?the?colors?one?by?one?*/?
???for?(color=1;?color<=maxcolor;?color++)?
???{?
??????setpalette(color,?BLACK);?
??????getch();?
???}?
???/*?restore?the?palette?colors?*/?
???setallpalette(&pal);?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???getch();?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setaspectratio?
功??能:?设置图形纵横比?
用??法:?void?far?setaspectratio(int?xasp,?int?yasp);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?xasp,?yasp,?midx,?midy;?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???midx?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???midy?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???setcolor(getmaxcolor());?
???/*?get?current?aspect?ratio?settings?*/?
???getaspectratio(&xasp,?&yasp);?
???/*?draw?normal?circle?*/?
???circle(midx,?midy,?100);?
???getch();?
???/*?claer?the?screen?*/?
???cleardevice();?
???/*?adjust?the?aspect?for?a?wide?circle?*/?
???setaspectratio(xasp/2,?yasp);?
???circle(midx,?midy,?100);?
???getch();?
???/*?adjust?the?aspect?for?a?narrow?circle?*/?
???cleardevice();?
???setaspectratio(xasp,?yasp/2);?
???circle(midx,?midy,?100);?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???getch();?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setbkcolor?
功??能:?用调色板设置当前背景颜色?
用??法:?void?far?setbkcolor(int?color);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?select?a?driver?and?mode?that?supports?*/?
???/*?multiple?background?colors.????????????*/?
???int?gdriver?=?EGA,?gmode?=?EGAHI,?errorcode;?
???int?bkcol,?maxcolor,?x,?y;?
???char?msg[80];?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???/*?maximum?color?index?supported?*/?
???maxcolor?=?getmaxcolor();?
???/*?for?centering?text?messages?*/?
???settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT,?CENTER_TEXT);?
???x?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???y?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???/*?loop?through?the?available?colors?*/?
???for?(bkcol=0;?bkcol<=maxcolor;?bkcol++)?
???{?
??????/*?clear?the?screen?*/?
??????cleardevice();?
??????/*?select?a?new?background?color?*/?
??????setbkcolor(bkcol);?
??????/*?output?a?messsage?*/?
??????if?(bkcol?==?WHITE)?
??setcolor(EGA_BLUE);?
??????sprintf(msg,?"Background?color:?%d",?bkcol);?
??????outtextxy(x,?y,?msg);?
??????getch();?
???}?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setblock?
功??能:?修改先前已分配的DOS存储段大小?
用??法:?int?setblock(int?seg,?int?newsize);?
程序例:?
#include?<dos.h>?
#include?<alloc.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???unsigned?int?size,?segp;?
???int?stat;?
???size?=?64;?/*?(64?x?16)?=?1024?bytes?*/?
???stat?=?allocmem(size,?&segp);?
???if?(stat?==?-1)?
??????printf("Allocated?memory?at?segment:?%X\n",?segp);?
???else?
???{?
??????printf("Failed:?maximum?number?of?paragraphs?available?is?%d\n",?
??????stat);?
??????exit(1);?
???}?
???stat?=?setblock(segp,?size?*?2);?
???if?(stat?==?-1)?
??????printf("Expanded?memory?block?at?segment:?%X\n",?segp);?
???else?
??????printf("Failed:?maximum?number?of?paragraphs?available?is?%d\n",?
?????????????stat);?
???freemem(segp);?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setbuf?
功??能:?把缓冲区与流相联?
用??法:?void?setbuf(FILE?*steam,?char?*buf);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
/*?BUFSIZ?is?defined?in?stdio.h?*/?
char?outbuf[BUFSIZ];?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?attach?a?buffer?to?the?standard?output?stream?*/?
???setbuf(stdout,?outbuf);?
???/*?put?some?characters?into?the?buffer?*/?
???puts("This?is?a?test?of?buffered?output.\n\n");?
???puts("This?output?will?go?into?outbuf\n");?
???puts("and?won‘t?appear?until?the?buffer\n");?
???puts("fills?up?or?we?flush?the?stream.\n");?
???/*?flush?the?output?buffer?*/?
???fflush(stdout);?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setcbrk?
功??能:?设置Control-break?
用??法:?int?setcbrk(int?value);?
程序例:?
#include?<dos.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???int?break_flag;?
???printf("Enter?0?to?turn?control?break?off\n");?
???printf("Enter?1?to?turn?control?break?on\n");?
???break_flag?=?getch()?-?0;?
???setcbrk(break_flag);?
???if?(getcbrk())?
??????printf("Cntrl-brk?flag?is?on\n");?
???else?
??????printf("Cntrl-brk?flag?is?off\n");?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
??
函数名:?setcolor?
功??能:?设置当前画线颜色?
用??法:?void?far?setcolor(int?color);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?select?a?driver?and?mode?that?supports?*/?
???/*?multiple?drawing?colors.???????????????*/?
???int?gdriver?=?EGA,?gmode?=?EGAHI,?errorcode;?
???int?color,?maxcolor,?x,?y;?
???char?msg[80];?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???/*?maximum?color?index?supported?*/?
???maxcolor?=?getmaxcolor();?
???/*?for?centering?text?messages?*/?
???settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT,?CENTER_TEXT);?
???x?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???y?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???/*?loop?through?the?available?colors?*/?
???for?(color=1;?color<=maxcolor;?color++)?
???{?
??????/*?clear?the?screen?*/?
??????cleardevice();?
??????/*?select?a?new?background?color?*/?
??????setcolor(color);?
??????/*?output?a?messsage?*/?
??????sprintf(msg,?"Color:?%d",?color);?
??????outtextxy(x,?y,?msg);?
??????getch();?
???}?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setdate?
功??能:?设置DOS日期?
用??法:?void?setdate(struct?date?*dateblk);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<process.h>?
#include?<dos.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???struct?date?reset;?
???struct?date?save_date;?
???getdate(&save_date);?
???printf("Original?date:\n");?
???system("date");?
???reset.da_year?=?2001;?
???reset.da_day?=?1;?
???reset.da_mon?=?1;?
???setdate(&reset);?
???printf("Date?after?setting:\n");?
???system("date");?
???setdate(&save_date);?
???printf("Back?to?original?date:\n");?
???system("date");?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setdisk?
功??能:?设置当前磁盘驱动器?
用??法:?int?setdisk(int?drive);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<dir.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???int?save,?disk,?disks;?
???/*?save?original?drive?*/?
???save?=?getdisk();?
???/*?print?number?of?logic?drives?*/?
???disks?=?setdisk(save);?
???printf("%d?logical?drives?on?the?system\n\n",?disks);?
???/*?print?the?drive?letters?available?*/?
???printf("Available?drives:\n");?
???for?(disk?=?0;disk?<?26;++disk)?
???{?
??????setdisk(disk);?
??????if?(disk?==?getdisk())?
?????????printf("%c:?drive?is?available\n",?disk?+?‘a‘);?
???}?
???setdisk(save);?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setdta?
功??能:?设置磁盘传输区地址?
用??法:?void?setdta(char?far?*dta);?
程序例:?
#include?<process.h>?
#include?<string.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<dos.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???char?line[80],?far?*save_dta;?
???char?buffer[256]?=?"SETDTA?test!";?
???struct?fcb?blk;?
???int?result;?
???/*?get?new?file?name?from?user?*/?
???printf("Enter?a?file?name?to?create:");?
???gets(line);?
???/*?parse?the?new?file?name?to?the?dta?*/?
???parsfnm(line,?&blk,?1);?
???printf("%d?%s\n",?blk.fcb_drive,?blk.fcb_name);?
???/*?request?DOS?services?to?create?file?*/?
???if?(bdosptr(0x16,?&blk,?0)?==?-1)?
???{?
??????perror("Error?creating?file");?
??????exit(1);?
???}?
???/*?save?old?dta?and?set?new?dta?*/?
???save_dta?=?getdta();?
???setdta(buffer);?
???/*?write?new?records?*/?
???blk.fcb_recsize?=?256;?
???blk.fcb_random?=?0L;?
???result?=?randbwr(&blk,?1);?
???printf("result?=?%d\n",?result);?
???if?(!result)?
??????printf("Write?OK\n");?
???else?
???{?
??????perror("Disk?error");?
??????exit(1);?
???}?
???/*?request?DOS?services?to?close?the?file?*/?
???if?(bdosptr(0x10,?&blk,?0)?==?-1)?
???{?
??????perror("Error?closing?file");?
??????exit(1);?
???}?
???/*?reset?the?old?dta?*/?
???setdta(save_dta);?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setfillpattern?
功??能:?选择用户定义的填充模式?
用??法:?void?far?setfillpattern(char?far?*upattern,?int?color);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?maxx,?maxy;?
???/*?a?user?defined?fill?pattern?*/?
???char?pattern[8]?=?{0x00,?0x70,?0x20,?0x27,?0x24,?0x24,?0x07,?0x00};?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???maxx?=?getmaxx();?
???maxy?=?getmaxy();?
???setcolor(getmaxcolor());?
???/*?select?a?user?defined?fill?pattern?*/?
???setfillpattern(pattern,?getmaxcolor());?
???/*?fill?the?screen?with?the?pattern?*/?
???bar(0,?0,?maxx,?maxy);?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???getch();?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setfillstyle?
功??能:?设置填充模式和颜色?
用??法:?void?far?setfillstyle(int?pattern,?int?color);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<string.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
/*?the?names?of?the?fill?styles?supported?*/?
char?*fname[]?=?{?"EMPTY_FILL",?
??????????????????"SOLID_FILL",?
??????????????????"LINE_FILL",?
??????????????????"LTSLASH_FILL",?
??????????????????"SLASH_FILL",?
??????????????????"BKSLASH_FILL",?
??????????????????"LTBKSLASH_FILL",?
????"HATCH_FILL",?
??????????????????"XHATCH_FILL",?
??????????????????"INTERLEAVE_FILL",?
??????????????????"WIDE_DOT_FILL",?
??????????????????"CLOSE_DOT_FILL",?
????"USER_FILL"?
????????????????};?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?style,?midx,?midy;?
???char?stylestr[40];?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???midx?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???midy?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???for?(style?=?EMPTY_FILL;?style?<?USER_FILL;?style++)?
???{?
??????/*?select?the?fill?style?*/?
??????setfillstyle(style,?getmaxcolor());?
??????/*?convert?style?into?a?string?*/?
??????strcpy(stylestr,?fname[style]);?
??????/*?fill?a?bar?*/?
??????bar3d(0,?0,?midx-10,?midy,?0,?0);?
??????/*?output?a?message?*/?
??????outtextxy(midx,?midy,?stylestr);?
??????/*?wait?for?a?key?*/?
??????getch();?
??????cleardevice();?
???}?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???getch();?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setftime?
功??能:?设置文件日期和时间?
用??法:?int?setftime(int?handle,?struct?ftime?*ftimep);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<process.h>?
#include?<fcntl.h>?
#include?<io.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???struct?ftime?filet;?
???FILE?*fp;?
???if?((fp?=?fopen("TEST.$$$",?"w"))?==?NULL)?
???{?
??????perror("Error:");?
??????exit(1);?
???}?
???fprintf(fp,?"testing...\n");?
???/*?load?ftime?structure?with?new?time?and?date?*/?
???filet.ft_tsec?=?1;?
???filet.ft_min?=?1;?
???filet.ft_hour?=?1;?
???filet.ft_day?=?1;?
???filet.ft_month?=?1;?
???filet.ft_year?=?21;?
???/*?show?current?directory?for?time?and?date?*/?
???system("dir?TEST.$$$");?
???/*?change?the?time?and?date?stamp*/?
???setftime(fileno(fp),?&filet);?
???/*?close?and?remove?the?temporary?file?*/?
???fclose(fp);?
???system("dir?TEST.$$$");?
???unlink("TEST.$$$");?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setgraphbufsize?
功??能:?改变内部图形缓冲区的大小?
用??法:?unsigned?far?setgraphbufsize(unsigned?bufsize);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
#define?BUFSIZE?1000?/*?internal?graphics?buffer?size?*/?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?x,?y,?oldsize;?
???char?msg[80];?
???/*?set?the?size?of?the?internal?graphics?buffer?*/?
???/*?before?making?a?call?to?initgraph.???????????*/?
???oldsize?=?setgraphbufsize(BUFSIZE);?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???x?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???y?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???/*?output?some?messages?*/?
???sprintf(msg,?"Graphics?buffer?size:?%d",?BUFSIZE);?
???settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT,?CENTER_TEXT);?
???outtextxy(x,?y,?msg);?
???sprintf(msg,?"Old?graphics?buffer?size:?%d",?oldsize);?
???outtextxy(x,?y+textheight("W"),?msg);?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???getch();?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
??
函数名:?setgraphmode?
功??能:?将系统设置成图形模式且清屏?
用??法:?void?far?setgraphmode(int?mode);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?x,?y;?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???x?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???y?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???/*?output?a?message?*/?
???settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT,?CENTER_TEXT);?
???outtextxy(x,?y,?"Press?any?key?to?exit?graphics:");?
???getch();?
???/*?restore?system?to?text?mode?*/?
???restorecrtmode();?
???printf("We‘re?now?in?text?mode.\n");?
???printf("Press?any?key?to?return?to?graphics?mode:");?
???getch();?
???/*?return?to?graphics?mode?*/?
???setgraphmode(getgraphmode());?
???/*?output?a?message?*/?
???settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT,?CENTER_TEXT);?
???outtextxy(x,?y,?"We‘re?back?in?graphics?mode.");?
???outtextxy(x,?y+textheight("W"),?"Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???getch();?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
??
函数名:?setjmp?
功??能:?非局部转移?
用??法:?int?setjmp(jmp_buf?env);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<process.h>?
#include?<setjmp.h>?
void?subroutine(void);?
jmp_buf?jumper;?
int?main(void)?
{?
???int?value;?
???value?=?setjmp(jumper);?
???if?(value?!=?0)?
???{?
??????printf("Longjmp?with?value?%d\n",?value);?
??????exit(value);?
???}?
???printf("About?to?call?subroutine?...?\n");?
???subroutine();?
???return?0;?
}?
void?subroutine(void)?
{?
???longjmp(jumper,1);?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setlinestyle?
功??能:?设置当前画线宽度和类型?
用??法:?void?far?setlinestyle(int?linestype,?unsigned?upattern);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<string.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
/*?the?names?of?the?line?styles?supported?*/?
char?*lname[]?=?{?
???"SOLID_LINE",?
???"DOTTED_LINE",?
???"CENTER_LINE",?
???"DASHED_LINE",?
???"USERBIT_LINE"?
???};?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?style,?midx,?midy,?userpat;?
???char?stylestr[40];?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???midx?=?getmaxx()?/?2;?
???midy?=?getmaxy()?/?2;?
???/*?a?user?defined?line?pattern?*/?
???/*?binary:?"0000000000000001"??*/?
???userpat?=?1;?
???for?(style=SOLID_LINE;?style<=USERBIT_LINE;?style++)?
???{?
??????/*?select?the?line?style?*/?
??????setlinestyle(style,?userpat,?1);?
??????/*?convert?style?into?a?string?*/?
??????strcpy(stylestr,?lname[style]);?
??????/*?draw?a?line?*/?
??????line(0,?0,?midx-10,?midy);?
??????/*?draw?a?rectangle?*/?
??????rectangle(0,?0,?getmaxx(),?getmaxy());?
??????/*?output?a?message?*/?
??????outtextxy(midx,?midy,?stylestr);?
??????/*?wait?for?a?key?*/?
??????getch();?
??????cleardevice();?
???}?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
??
函数名:?setmem?
功??能:?存值到存储区?
用??法:?void?setmem(void?*addr,?int?len,?char?value);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<alloc.h>?
#include?<mem.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???char?*dest;?
???dest?=?calloc(21,?sizeof(char));?
???setmem(dest,?20,?‘c‘);?
???printf("%s\n",?dest);?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
??
函数名:?setmode?
功??能:?设置打开文件方式?
用??法:?int?setmode(int?handle,?unsigned?mode);?
程序例:?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<fcntl.h>?
#include?<io.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???int?result;?
???result?=?setmode(fileno(stdprn),?O_TEXT);?
???if?(result?==?-1)?
??????perror("Mode?not?available\n");?
???else?
??????printf("Mode?successfully?switched\n");?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
??
函数名:?setpalette?
功??能:?改变调色板的颜色?
用??法:?void?far?setpalette(int?index,?int?actural_color);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?color,?maxcolor,?ht;?
???int?y?=?10;?
???char?msg[80];?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???maxcolor?=?getmaxcolor();?
???ht?=?2?*?textheight("W");?
???/*?display?the?default?colors?*/?
???for?(color=1;?color<=maxcolor;?color++)?
???{?
??????setcolor(color);?
??????sprintf(msg,?"Color:?%d",?color);?
??????outtextxy(1,?y,?msg);?
??????y?+=?ht;?
???}?
???/*?wait?for?a?key?*/?
???getch();?
???/*?black?out?the?colors?one?by?one?*/?
???for?(color=1;?color<=maxcolor;?color++)?
???{?
??????setpalette(color,?BLACK);?
??????getch();?
???}?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
函数名:?setrgbpalette?
功??能:?定义IBM8514图形卡的颜色?
用??法:?void?far?setrgbpalette(int?colornum,?int?red,?int?green,?int?blue);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?select?a?driver?and?mode?that?supports?the?use?*/?
???/*?of?the?setrgbpalette?function.?????????????????*/?
???int?gdriver?=?VGA,?gmode?=?VGAHI,?errorcode;?
???struct?palettetype?pal;?
???int?i,?ht,?y,?xmax;?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?terminate?with?an?error?code?*/?
???}?
???/*?grab?a?copy?of?the?palette?*/?
???getpalette(&pal);?
???/*?create?gray?scale?*/?
???for?(i=0;?i<pal.size;?i++)?
??????setrgbpalette(pal.colors[i],?i*4,?i*4,?i*4);?
???/*?display?the?gray?scale?*/?
???ht?=?getmaxy()?/?16;?
???xmax?=?getmaxx();?
???y?=?0;?
???for?(i=0;?i<pal.size;?i++)?
???{?
??????setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,?i);?
??????bar(0,?y,?xmax,?y+ht);?
??????y?+=?ht;?
???}?
???/*?clean?up?*/?
???getch();?
???closegraph();?
???return?0;?
}?
??
??
??
函数名:?settextjustify?
功??能:?为图形函数设置文本的对齐方式?
用??法:?void?far?settextjustify(int?horiz,?int?vert);?
程序例:?
#include?<graphics.h>?
#include?<stdlib.h>?
#include?<stdio.h>?
#include?<conio.h>?
/*?function?prototype?*/?
void?xat(int?x,?int?y);?
/*?horizontal?text?justification?settings?*/?
char?*hjust[]?=?{?"LEFT_TEXT",?
??????????????????"CENTER_TEXT",?
??????????????????"RIGHT_TEXT"?
????????????????};?
/*?vertical?text?justification?settings?*/?
char?*vjust[]?=?{?"LEFT_TEXT",?
????"CENTER_TEXT",?
????"RIGHT_TEXT"?
????????????????};?
int?main(void)?
{?
???/*?request?auto?detection?*/?
???int?gdriver?=?DETECT,?gmode,?errorcode;?
???int?midx,?midy,?hj,?vj;?
???char?msg[80];?
???/*?initialize?graphics?and?local?variables?*/?
???initgraph(&gdriver,?&gmode,?"");?
???/*?read?result?of?initialization?*/?
???errorcode?=?graphresult();?
???if?(errorcode?!=?grOk)??/*?an?error?occurred?*/?
???{?
??????printf("Graphics?error:?%s\n",?grapherrormsg(errorcode));?
??????printf("Press?any?key?to?halt:");?
??????getch();?
??????exit(1);?/*?termi
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时间： 2024-10-10 19:15:32