from：http://jj.isgeek.net/2011/09/install-pil-with-jpeg-support-on-ubuntu-oneiric-64bits/
I am posting this because it took me ages to figure out how to solve this one.
I could not get PIL to compile with JPEG, Zlib or freetype support on my virtualenv. I am using Ubuntu Oneiric Beta1 on a Lenovo Thinkpad X220. That is a 64bit installation.
As read in every blog post out there, you first need to install the system libraries so PIL can find them.
$ sudo apt-get install libjpeg libjpeg-dev libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev zlib1g-dev
After that, your regular pip install PIL should work under most situations. In my case I was still seeing this summary after the installation:
---------------------------------------------------------------
*** TKINTER support not available
--- JPEG support not available
--- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support not available
--- FREETYPE2 support not available
*** LITTLECMS support not available
---------------------------------------------------------------
After a lot of googling around, I found this solution on Ubuntu forums.
It turns out that the APT installations put the libraries under /usr/lib/x86_64-Linux-gnu and PIL will search for them in /usr/lib/. So you have to create symlinks for PIL to see them.
# ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so /usr/lib # ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so /usr/lib # ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so /usr/lib
Now proceed and reinstal PiL, pip install -U PIL:
---------------------------------------------------------------
*** TKINTER support not available
--- JPEG support available
--- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support available
--- FREETYPE2 support available
*** LITTLECMS support not available
---------------------------------------------------------------
tada 
!
Update:
I just had this issue again on Ubuntu Precise, I found a solution here:
http://www.sandersnewmedia.com/why/2012/04/16/installing-pil-virtualenv-ubuntu-1204-precise-pangolin/
# ln -s /usr/lib/`uname -i`-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so /usr/lib/ # ln -s /usr/lib/`uname -i`-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so /usr/lib/ # ln -s /usr/lib/`uname -i`-linux-gnu/libz.so /usr/lib/
Note the uname -i that prints the box’s arquitecture. This is a much more generic solution!
How to do it on Ubuntu Precise Pagolin 12.04
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
后来根据http://effbot.org/downloads/#Imaging PIL源码安装包中的README方法解决更方便：
sudo apt-get install libjpeg62-dev sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev sudo apt-get install libfreetype6-dev sudo apt-get install liblcms1-dev