Create directory让我们可以在Oracle数据库中灵活的对文件进行读写操作，极大的提高了Oracle的易用性和可扩展性。
其语法为:
CREATE [OR REPLACE] DIRECTORY directory AS ‘pathname‘;
本案例具体创建如下:
create or replace directory exp_dir as ‘/tmp‘;
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目录创建以后，就可以把读写权限授予特定用户，具体语法如下:
GRANT READ[,WRITE] ON DIRECTORY directory TO username;
例如:
grant read, write on directory exp_dir to eygle;
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此时用户eygle就拥有了对该目录的读写权限。
让我们看一个简单的测试:
SQL> create or replace directory UTL_FILE_DIR as ‘/opt/oracle/utl_file‘;
Directory created.
SQL> declare
2 fhandle utl_file.file_type;
3 begin
4 fhandle := utl_file.fopen(‘UTL_FILE_DIR‘, ‘example.txt‘, ‘w‘);
5 utl_file.put_line(fhandle , ‘eygle test write one‘);
6 utl_file.put_line(fhandle , ‘eygle test write two‘);
7 utl_file.fclose(fhandle);
8 end;
9 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> !
[[email protected] 9.2.0]$ more /opt/oracle/utl_file/example.txt
eygle test write one
eygle test write two
[[email protected] 9.2.0]$
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类似的我们可以通过utl_file来读取文件:
SQL> declare
2 fhandle utl_file.file_type;
3 fp_buffer varchar2(4000);
4 begin
5 fhandle := utl_file.fopen (‘UTL_FILE_DIR‘,‘example.txt‘, ‘R‘);
6
7 utl_file.get_line (fhandle , fp_buffer );
8 dbms_output.put_line(fp_buffer );
9 utl_file.get_line (fhandle , fp_buffer );
10 dbms_output.put_line(fp_buffer );
11 utl_file.fclose(fhandle);
12 end;
13 /
eygle test write one
eygle test write two
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
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可以查询dba_directories查看所有directory.
SQL> select * from dba_directories;
OWNER DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
SYS UTL_FILE_DIR /opt/oracle/utl_file
SYS BDUMP_DIR /opt/oracle/admin/conner/bdump
SYS EXP_DIR /opt/oracle/utl_file
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可以使用drop directory删除这些路径.
SQL> drop directory exp_dir;
Directory dropped
SQL> select * from dba_directories;
OWNER DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
SYS UTL_FILE_DIR /opt/oracle/utl_file
SYS BDUMP_DIR /opt/oracle/admin/conner/bdump
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(3)、如何查询可用的目录？
可以使用如下SQL查询具有READ和WRITE权限的目录：
SET lines 80
COL grantee FORMAT a20
COL privilege FORMAT a10
SELECT directory_name, grantee, privilege
FROM user_tab_privs t, all_directories d
WHERE t.table_name(+)=d.directory_name
ORDER BY 1,2,3;
时间： 2024-10-14 12:39:47