ggplot2——饼图篇

目录：

• 原始图样
• 如何去除饼图中心的杂点
• 如何去除饼图旁边的标签
• 如何去掉左上角多出来的一横线
• 如何去掉图例的标题，并将图例放到上面
• 如何对图例的标签加上百分比
• 如何让饼图的小块按顺时针从大到小的顺序显示
• 如何去掉白色外框上的数字
• 如何在图中加百分比
• 如何生成饼环

（更多内容请见：R、ggplot2、shiny 汇总）

原始图样：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
  coord_polar(theta = "y")   ## 把柱状图折叠成饼图（极坐标）
p

如何去除饼图中心的杂点：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 1) +    ## width >= 1 时中心的杂点将消失
  coord_polar(theta = "y")
p

如何去除饼图旁边的标签：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 1) +
  coord_polar(theta = "y") +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = "")   ## 将标签设为空
p

如何去掉左上角多出来的一横线：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 1) +
  coord_polar(theta = "y") +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = "") +
  theme(axis.ticks = element_blank())   ## 把左上角多出来的“小胡子”去掉
p

如何去掉图例的标题，并将图例放到上面：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))
p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 1) +
  coord_polar(theta = "y") +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = "") +
  theme(axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(), legend.position = "top")   ## 将图例标题设为空，并把土方放在上方
p

如何对图例的标签加上百分比：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))

myLabel = as.vector(dt$B)   ## 转成向量，否则图例的标签可能与实际顺序不一致
myLabel = paste(myLabel, "(", round(dt$A / sum(dt$A) * 100, 2), "%)        ", sep = "")   ## 用 round() 对结果保留两位小数

p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 1) +
  coord_polar(theta = "y") +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = "") +
  theme(axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(), legend.position = "top") +
  scale_fill_discrete(breaks = dt$B, labels = myLabel)   ## 将原来的图例标签换成现在的myLabel
p

如何让饼图的小块按顺时针从大到小的顺序显示：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))

dt = dt[order(dt$A, decreasing = TRUE),]   ## 用 order() 让数据框的数据按 A 列数据从大到小排序
myLabel = as.vector(dt$B)
myLabel = paste(myLabel, "(", round(dt$A / sum(dt$A) * 100, 2), "%)        ", sep = "")   

p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 1) +
  coord_polar(theta = "y") +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = "") +
  theme(axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(), legend.position = "top") +
  scale_fill_discrete(breaks = dt$B, labels = myLabel)
p

如何去掉白色外框上的数字：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))

dt = dt[order(dt$A, decreasing = TRUE),]   ## 用 order() 让数据框的数据按 A 列数据从大到小排序
myLabel = as.vector(dt$B)
myLabel = paste(myLabel, "(", round(dt$A / sum(dt$A) * 100, 2), "%)        ", sep = "")   

p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 1) +
  coord_polar(theta = "y") +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = "") +
  theme(axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(), legend.position = "top") +
  scale_fill_discrete(breaks = dt$B, labels = myLabel) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_blank())   ## 白色的外框即是原柱状图的X轴，把X轴的刻度文字去掉即可
p

如何在图中加百分比：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))

dt = dt[order(dt$A, decreasing = TRUE),]
myLabel = as.vector(dt$B)
myLabel = paste(myLabel, "(", round(dt$A / sum(dt$A) * 100, 2), "%)", sep = "")   

p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 1) +
  coord_polar(theta = "y") +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = "") +
  theme(axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(), legend.position = "top") +
  scale_fill_discrete(breaks = dt$B, labels = myLabel) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_blank()) +
  geom_text(aes(y = A/2 + c(0, cumsum(A)[-length(A)]), x = sum(A)/20, label = myLabel), size = 5)   ## 在图中加上百分比：x 调节标签到圆心的距离, y 调节标签的左右位置
p

如何生成饼环：

library(ggplot2)
dt = data.frame(A = c(2, 7, 4, 10, 1), B = c(‘B‘,‘A‘,‘C‘,‘D‘,‘E‘))

dt = dt[order(dt$A, decreasing = TRUE),]
myLabel = as.vector(dt$B)
myLabel = paste(myLabel, "(", round(dt$A / sum(dt$A) * 100, 2), "%)", sep = "")   

p = ggplot(dt, aes(x = "", y = A, fill = B)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = 0.3) +    ## 当width < 1 时饼图将变成饼环
  coord_polar(theta = "y") +
  theme_bw() +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = "") +
  theme(axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  theme(legend.position = "none") +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_blank()) +
  geom_text(aes(y = A/2 + c(0, cumsum(A)[-length(A)]), x = sum(A)/24, label = myLabel), size = 5)
p

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