Android实战简易教程-第三十六枪（监听短信） / 憋错料

一般用户喜欢用手机号作为用户名注册APP账号，这时一般都是通过手机验证码的方式进行验证，下面我们就研究一个非常实用的方法，通过监听短信-实现短信验证码的自动填入，提高用户体验。

首先我们看一下如何监听手机短信。

一、获取短信全部内容

1.新建一个SMSBroadcastReceiver:

<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> com.example.messagecut;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> java.util.Date;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> android.content.Context;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> android.content.Intent;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> android.telephony.SmsMessage;
<span class="hljs-javadoc">/**
 * 配置广播接收者:
 *  <receiver android:name=".SMSBroadcastReceiver">
 *     <intent-filter android:priority="1000">
 *         <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/>
 *     </intent-filter>
 *  </receiver>
 *
 *  注意:
 *  <intent-filter android:priority="1000">表示:
 *  设置此广播接收者的级别为最高
 */</span>

<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">SMSBroadcastReceiver</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">BroadcastReceiver</span> {</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> MessageListener mMessageListener;
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-title">SMSBroadcastReceiver</span>() {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">super</span>();
    }

    <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">onReceive</span>(Context context, Intent intent) {
             Object [] pdus= (Object[]) intent.getExtras().get(<span class="hljs-string">"pdus"</span>);
             <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span>(Object pdu:pdus){
                SmsMessage smsMessage=SmsMessage.createFromPdu((<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span> [])pdu);
                String sender=smsMessage.getDisplayOriginatingAddress();
                String content=smsMessage.getMessageBody();
                <span class="hljs-keyword">long</span> date=smsMessage.getTimestampMillis();
                Date timeDate=<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Date(date);
                SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat=<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> SimpleDateFormat(<span class="hljs-string">"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"</span>);
                String time=simpleDateFormat.format(timeDate);

                System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"短信来自:"</span>+sender);
                System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"短信内容:"</span>+content);
                System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"短信时间:"</span>+time);

                mMessageListener.OnReceived(content);

                <span class="hljs-comment">//如果短信来自5556,不再往下传递,一般此号码可以作为短信平台的号码。</span>
                <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"5556"</span>.equals(sender)){
                    System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">" abort "</span>);
                    abortBroadcast();
                }

             }
    }

    <span class="hljs-comment">// 回调接口</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">interface</span> <span class="hljs-title">MessageListener</span> {</span>
            <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">OnReceived</span>(String message);
        }

        <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setOnReceivedMessageListener</span>(MessageListener messageListener) {
            <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.mMessageListener=messageListener;
        }
}</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li><li>41</li><li>42</li><li>43</li><li>44</li><li>45</li><li>46</li><li>47</li><li>48</li><li>49</li><li>50</li><li>51</li><li>52</li><li>53</li><li>54</li><li>55</li><li>56</li><li>57</li><li>58</li><li>59</li><li>60</li><li>61</li><li>62</li></ul>

2.配置AndroidManifest.xml文件：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering"><span class="hljs-pi"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">manifest</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
    <span class="hljs-attribute">package</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.example.messagecut"</span>
    <span class="hljs-attribute">android:versionCode</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"1"</span>
    <span class="hljs-attribute">android:versionName</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"1.0"</span> ></span>

    <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">uses-sdk
</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute">android:minSdkVersion</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"8"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute">android:targetSdkVersion</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"21"</span> /></span>

    <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">application
</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute">android:allowBackup</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"true"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_launcher"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute">android:label</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/app_name"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute">android:theme</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@style/AppTheme"</span> ></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">activity
</span>            <span class="hljs-attribute">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">".MainActivity"</span>
            <span class="hljs-attribute">android:label</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/app_name"</span> ></span>
            <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">intent-filter</span>></span>
                <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"android.intent.action.MAIN"</span> /></span>

                <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">category</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"</span> /></span>
            <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">intent-filter</span>></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">activity</span>></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">receiver</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">".SMSBroadcastReceiver"</span>></span>
          <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">intent-filter</span> ></span>
              <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">action</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"</span>/></span>
          <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">intent-filter</span>></span>
            <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">receiver</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">application</span>></span>

    <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">uses-permission</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"</span>/></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">uses-permission</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"android.permission.READ_SMS"</span>/></span>

<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">manifest</span>></span>
</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li></ul>

3.创建MainActivity.java-用于接收显示短信信息内容：

<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> com.example.messagecut;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> android.os.Bundle;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> android.widget.TextView;

<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> com.example.messagecut.SMSBroadcastReceiver.MessageListener;

<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> android.app.Activity;
<span class="hljs-javadoc">/**
 * Demo描述:
 * 利用BroadcastReceiver实现监听短信
 *
 * 注意权限:
 * <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>
 *
 * 详细资料:
 * http://blog.csdn.net/lfdfhl/article/details/8195400
 *
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">MainActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">Activity</span>{</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> TextView mTextView;
    <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> SMSBroadcastReceiver mSMSBroadcastReceiver;
    <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        init();
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">init</span>(){
        mTextView=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
        mSMSBroadcastReceiver=<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> SMSBroadcastReceiver();
        mSMSBroadcastReceiver.setOnReceivedMessageListener(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> MessageListener() {
            <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">OnReceived</span>(String message) {
                mTextView.setText(message);
            }
        });
    }

}</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li></ul>

4.布局文件很简单，TextView用于显示短信内容：

Android实战简易教程-第三十六枪（监听短信）

一、获取短信全部内容

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