引言:我们都知道HashSet这个类有add remove contains方法,但是我们要深刻理解到底是怎么判断它是否重复加入了,什么时候才移除,什么时候才算是包括?????????
add()方法
首先我们看下这个代码
1 package com.xt.set; 2 3 import java.util.HashSet; 4 import java.util.Iterator; 5 import java.util.Set; 6 7 public class AddTest { 8 9 public static void main(String[] args) { 10 Set<Object> names = new HashSet<>(); 11 names.add(new Student("111")); 12 names.add(new Student("111")); 13 System.out.println(names.size()); 14 } 15 }
如果Student类是下面的
package com.xt.set; public class Student { private String id; public Student(String id) { this.id = id; } }
输出结果为2,为什么呢,按照我们的思路不应该是1吗?
这样我们 按住ctrl键点击add方法进入到HashSet.class类中的add方法
public boolean add(E e) { return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null; }
继续点击put方法进入到HashMap类中的下面两个方法
public V put(K key, V value) { return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true); } final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent, boolean evict) { Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int n, i; if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0) n = (tab = resize()).length; if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null) tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null); else { Node<K,V> e; K k; if (p.hash == hash && ((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) e = p; else if (p instanceof TreeNode) e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value); else { for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) { if ((e = p.next) == null) { p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null); if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st treeifyBin(tab, hash); break; } if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) break; p = e; } } if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key V oldValue = e.value; if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null) e.value = value; afterNodeAccess(e); return oldValue; } } ++modCount; if (++size > threshold) resize(); afterNodeInsertion(evict); return null; }
我们看上面标红色的代码。发现他重新加入时判定的标准1:判定两个实例化对象的HashCode()值是否相同,如果相同
2:判定他们的地址是否相同,如果相同就是同一个实例对象。如果不相同
3:执行equals方法。这个时候的equals方法是Object中的equals方法,比较的是地址
如:
public boolean equals(Object obj) { return (this == obj); }
按照这个思路的话,我们分析,new Student("111")和 new Student("111") 因为只是两个对象,,那么他们的HashCode()值不是相同的,直接加入了
那么我们来重写hashCode()和equals()方法
package com.xt.set; public class Student { private String id; public Student(String id) { this.id = id; } @Override public int hashCode() { System.out.println(this.id+"hashCode"+this.id.hashCode()); return this.id.hashCode(); } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { System.out.println("equals"); if(this instanceof Student&&obj instanceof Student) { return this.id.equals(((Student)obj).id); } return false; } }
这个时候HashCode()方法,比较的是id字符串的HashCode值,相同字符串的HashCode的值是相同的,两个相同字符串的地址(“111”==“111”是相同的 new String(“111”)==new String(“111”)是不相同的),equals方法现在比较的字符串本身是否相同,这个时候就是重复的两个值,会保存一个 输出结果为 1
remove()方法
final Node<K,V> removeNode(int hash, Object key, Object value, boolean matchValue, boolean movable) { Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int n, index; if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 && (p = tab[index = (n - 1) & hash]) != null) { Node<K,V> node = null, e; K k; V v; if (p.hash == hash && ((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) node = p; else if ((e = p.next) != null) { if (p instanceof TreeNode) node = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).getTreeNode(hash, key); else { do { if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) { node = e; break; } p = e; } while ((e = e.next) != null); } } if (node != null && (!matchValue || (v = node.value) == value || (value != null && value.equals(v)))) { if (node instanceof TreeNode) ((TreeNode<K,V>)node).removeTreeNode(this, tab, movable); else if (node == p) tab[index] = node.next; else p.next = node.next; ++modCount; --size; afterNodeRemoval(node); return node; } } return null; }
看红色代码 ,发现和add方法原理相同
contains()方法
final Node<K,V> getNode(int hash, Object key) { Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> first, e; int n; K k; if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 && (first = tab[(n - 1) & hash]) != null) { if (first.hash == hash && // always check first node ((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) return first; if ((e = first.next) != null) { if (first instanceof TreeNode) return ((TreeNode<K,V>)first).getTreeNode(hash, key); do { if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) return e; } while ((e = e.next) != null); } } return null; }
看红色代码 ,发现和add方法原理相同
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lyxcode/p/9466789.html