Spring MVC Hello World 例子
下面的例子说明了如何使用 Spring MVC 框架来编写一个简单的基于 web 的 Hello World 应用程序。下面让我们使用 ideal IDE,然后按照下面的步骤使用 Spring 的 Web 框架来开发一个动态 Web 应用程序:
这里是 HelloController.java 文件的内容:
1 package com.tutorialspoint; 2 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 3 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 5 import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; 6 @Controller 7 @RequestMapping("/hello") 8 public class HelloController{ 9 @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET) 10 public String printHello(ModelMap model) { 11 model.addAttribute("message", "Hello Spring MVC Framework!"); 12 return "hello"; 13 } 14 }
下面是 Spring Web 配置文件 web.xml 的内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
下面是另一个 Spring Web 配置文件 HelloWeb-servlet.xml 的内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.rxhui.springmvc"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
下面是 Spring 视图文件 hello.jsp 的内容,注意:1.dispatch-servlet.xml中前缀是/jsp,所以应该把hello.jsp放入一个jsp文件夹中。
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %> <html> <head> <title>Hello World</title> </head> <body> <h2>${message}</h2> </body> </html>
使用Ideal导出war:project structure->Artifacts->+->WebApplication:Exploded-> WebApplication:Archive-> 改名->save->build-> build Artifacts -> 刚才的Archive->build
现在启动你的 Tomcat 服务器,并且确保你能够使用标准的浏览器访问 webapps 文件夹中的其他 web 页面。现在尝试访问该 URL http://localhost:8080/HelloWeb/hello。如果你的 Spring Web 应用程序一切都正常,就可以看到页面,注意,这里访问的url中HelloWeb是webapps下包的名字,如果使用IDE直接调试Tomcat,不需要带HelloWeb。
Spring MVC 表单处理例子
这里是 Student.java 文件的内容:
public class Student { private Integer age; private String name; private Integer id; public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Integer getId() { return id; } }
下面是 StudentController.java 文件的内容:
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; @Controller public class StudentController { @RequestMapping(value = "/student", method = RequestMethod.GET) public ModelAndView student() { return new ModelAndView("student", "command", new Student()); } @RequestMapping(value = "/addStudent", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String addStudent(@ModelAttribute("SpringWeb")Student student, ModelMap model) { model.addAttribute("name", student.getName()); model.addAttribute("age", student.getAge()); model.addAttribute("id", student.getId()); return "result"; } }
在这里,第一个 service 方法 student(),我们已经在名称为 “command” 的 ModelAndView 对象中传递一个空的 Student 对象,因为 spring 框架需要一个名称的 “command” 的对象,如果你在 JSP 文件中使用 <form:form> 标签。所以,当 student() 方法被调用时,它返回 student.jsp 视图。
注意:上面的command是ModelAndView默认的名称,但是如果想要正常运行,还需要在jsp中注入一个bean.
第二个 service 方法 addStudent() 将调用 HelloWeb/addStudent URL 中的 POST 方法。你将根据提交的信息准备好你的模型对象。最后一个 “result” 视图会从 service 方法中返回,它将导致呈现 result.jsp。
下面是 Spring Web 配置文件 web.xml 的内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <display-name>Spring MVC Form Handling</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
下面是另一个 Spring Web 配置文件 HelloWeb-servlet.xml 的内容
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.tutorialspoint" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
下面是 Spring 视图文件 student.jsp 的内容
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%> <html> <head> <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title> </head> <body> <h2>Student Information</h2> <jsp:useBean id="command" class="com.xxx.xx.Student" scope="request"/> <form:form method="POST" action="/addStudent"> <table> <tr> <td><form:label path="name">Name</form:label></td> <td><form:input path="name" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><form:label path="age">Age</form:label></td> <td><form:input path="age" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><form:label path="id">id</form:label></td> <td><form:input path="id" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <input type="submit" value="Submit"/> </td> </tr> </table> </form:form> </body> </html>
<jsp:useBean id="command" class="com.xxx.xx.Student" scope="request"/>这句会向form中注入一个student,否则会抛出Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name ‘command‘ available as request attribute
下面是 Spring 视图文件 result.jsp 的内容
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%> <html> <head> <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title> </head> <body> <h2>Submitted Student Information</h2> <table> <tr> <td>Name</td> <td>${name}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Age</td> <td>${age}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ID</td> <td>${id}</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ppgeneve/p/9262231.html