java GUI（图形用户界面）练习

6.1.3 一个简单的GUI程序

package six;
 import javax.swing.*;
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.event.*;

public class Main {
	private static int numclicks = 0;  //记录次数
	private static JFrame frame = new JFrame("简单GUI");
	private static JLabel label = new JLabel("按钮单击次数："+"0    ");
	private static JButton button = new JButton("点击我！~~~");
	private static JPanel pane = new JPanel();  //容器

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		pane.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(60,60,20,60));
		pane.setLayout(new GridLayout(0,1));  //设置布局
		pane.add(button);
		pane.add(label);
		frame.getContentPane().add(pane,BorderLayout.CENTER);
		button.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_I);

		button.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){  //鼠标单击事件
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
				numclicks++;
				label.setText("按钮单击次数："+numclicks);
			}
		});
		frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		frame.pack();
		frame.setVisible(true);
	}
}
        

6.4.2 使用FlowLayout布局管理器

FlowLayout能够根据窗口的大小自动调整布局

package six;
 import javax.swing.*;
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.event.*;

public class Main {
	JButton b1,b2,b3,b4,b5;
	JFrame frame;  //窗体
	public void display(){
		frame = new JFrame("测试书序布局管理器");
		frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //
		b1 = new JButton("按钮 1");
		b2 = new JButton("按钮 2");
		b3 = new JButton("按钮 3");
		b4 = new JButton("按钮 4");
		b5 = new JButton("按钮 5");
		FlowLayout flowLayout = new FlowLayout(); //顺序布局管理器
		Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane();  //容器
		contentPane.setLayout(flowLayout);
		contentPane.add(b1);
		contentPane.add(b2);
		contentPane.add(b3);
		contentPane.add(b4);
		contentPane.add(b5);
		contentPane.setSize(200,100);
		frame.pack();
		frame.setVisible(true);
	}
		public static void main(String[]args)
		{
			new Main().display(); //傻B
		}
}
        

6.4.3使用区域布局管理器BorderLayout

BorderLayout分东西南北中，如何缩放，其南北总是保持最佳高度。

package six;
 import javax.swing.*;
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.event.*;

public class Main {
	JButton b1,b2,b3,b4,b5;
	JFrame frame;  //窗体
	public void display(){
		frame = new JFrame("测试书序布局管理器");
		frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //
		b1 = new JButton("按钮 1");
		b2 = new JButton("按钮 2");
		b3 = new JButton("按钮 3");
		b4 = new JButton("按钮 4");
		b5 = new JButton("按钮 5");
		BorderLayout borderLayout = new BorderLayout();
		Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane();  //容器
		contentPane.setLayout(borderLayout);
		contentPane.add(b1,BorderLayout.EAST);
		contentPane.add(b2,BorderLayout.WEST);
		contentPane.add(b3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
		contentPane.add(b4,BorderLayout.NORTH);
		contentPane.add(b5,BorderLayout.CENTER);
		contentPane.setSize(200,100);
		frame.pack();
		frame.setVisible(true);
	}
		public static void main(String[]args)
		{
			new Main().display(); //傻B
		}
}
        

6.4.5卡片布局管理器CardLayout

卡片布局管理器把容器作为一个卡片，一次仅有一个卡片可见。

package six;
 import javax.swing.*;
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
 import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class Main extends JFrame{  //类Main继承自JFrame
	private JPanel pane = null;
	private JPanel p = null;
	private CardLayout card = null;
	private JButton button_1 = null;
	private JButton button_2 = null;
	private JButton b1 = null,b2 = null,b3 = null;
	private JPanel p1 = null,p2 = null,p3 = null;
	public Main() //
	{
		super("卡片布局管理器测试");
		try{
			UIManager.setLookAndFeel("com.sun.java.swing.plaf.windows.WindowsLookAndFeel");
		}
		catch(Exception ex){
			ex.printStackTrace();
		}
		//创建新卡片布局
		card = new CardLayout(5,5);
		pane = new JPanel(card);
		p = new JPanel();
		button_1 = new JButton("< 上一步");
		button_2 = new JButton("下一步  >");
		b1 = new JButton("1");b2 = new JButton("2");b3 = new JButton("3");
		b1.setMargin(new Insets(2,2,2,2));
		b2.setMargin(new Insets(2,2,2,2));
		b3.setMargin(new Insets(2,2,2,2));
		p.add(button_1);p.add(b1);p.add(b2);p.add(b3);p.add(button_2);
		p1 = new JPanel();
		p2 = new JPanel();
		p3 = new JPanel();
		p1.setBackground(Color.RED);
		p2.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
		p3.setBackground(Color.GREEN);

		p1.add(new JLabel("JPanel_1"));
		p2.add(new JLabel("JPanel_2"));
		p3.add(new JLabel("JPanel_3"));
		pane.add(p1,"p1");pane.add(p2,"p2");pane.add(p3,"p3");

		//翻转卡片布局动作
		button_1.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
				card.previous(pane);
			}
		});
		button_2.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
				card.next(pane);
			}
		});
		b1.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
				card.show(pane, "p1");
			}
		});
		b2.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
				card.show(pane,"p2");
			}
		});
		b3.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
				card.show(pane, "p3");
			}
		});
		this.getContentPane().add(pane);
		this.getContentPane().add(p,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
		this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		this.setSize(300, 200);
		this.setVisible(true);
	}

	public static void main(String[]args)
	{
		new Main(); //傻B
	}
}