APP->run()代码如下:
/** * Run application * * This method traverses the application middleware stack and then sends the * resultant Response object to the HTTP client. * * @param bool|false $silent * @return ResponseInterface * * @throws Exception * @throws MethodNotAllowedException * @throws NotFoundException */ public function run($silent = false) { $request = $this->container->get(‘request‘); $response = $this->container->get(‘response‘); $response = $this->process($request, $response); if (!$silent) { $this->respond($response); } return $response; }
$request = $this->container->get(‘request‘);
get已经分析过了,container实现了ArrayAccess ,get其实就是调用offsetGet()。
这个request到底是个什么东东呢?跟一下。
if (!isset($this[‘request‘])) { /** * PSR-7 Request object * * @param Container $c * * @return ServerRequestInterface */ $this[‘request‘] = function ($c) { return Request::createFromEnvironment($c->get(‘environment‘)); }; } if (!isset($this[‘environment‘])) { /** * This service MUST return a shared instance * of \Slim\Interfaces\Http\EnvironmentInterface. * * @return EnvironmentInterface */ $this[‘environment‘] = function () { return new Environment($_SERVER); }; }
首先看到Request是需要一个environment的,$c->get(‘environment‘)生成的是一个Environment对象。其次Environment 是通过$__SERVER构造的对象。
class Environment extends Collection implements EnvironmentInterface
这里可以看出Enviroment是继承了Collection,所有它的数组形式访问可以实现obj[’name’]。同时Environment中实现了EnvironmentInterface接口的mock方法。
了解这个知识点原因在于下面的$c->get(‘environment’);是一个Environment对象,而且在RequestcreateFromEnvironment($c->get(‘environment‘))会获取Environment成员属性的获取。
在Request::createFromEnvironment()中代码:
/** * Create new HTTP request with data extracted from the application * Environment object * * @param Environment $environment The Slim application Environment * * @return self */ public static function createFromEnvironment(Environment $environment) { $method = $environment[‘REQUEST_METHOD‘]; $uri = Uri::createFromEnvironment($environment); var_dump($uri); $headers = Headers::createFromEnvironment($environment); $cookies = Cookies::parseHeader($headers->get(‘Cookie‘, [])); $serverParams = $environment->all(); $body = new RequestBody(); $uploadedFiles = UploadedFile::createFromEnvironment($environment); $request = new static($method, $uri, $headers, $cookies, $serverParams, $body, $uploadedFiles); if ($method === ‘POST‘ && in_array($request->getMediaType(), [‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded‘, ‘multipart/form-data‘]) ) { // parsed body must be $_POST $request = $request->withParsedBody($_POST); } return $request; }
$method = $environment[‘REQUEST_METHOD‘];
就是用数组的方法访问了属性REQUEST_METHOD。
‘SCRIPT_NAME‘ => string ‘/example/index.php‘ (length=18)
很好奇这个$__SERVER到底是个什么东西,对其进行打印,结果如下:
array (size=37)
‘REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID‘ =>string‘Vqrb26wRQjYAAAOax40AAAAB‘(length=24)
‘REDIRECT_STATUS‘ =>string‘200‘(length=3)
‘UNIQUE_ID‘ =>string‘Vqrb26wRQjYAAAOax40AAAAB‘(length=24)
‘HTTP_HOST‘ =>string‘localhost‘(length=9)
‘HTTP_CONNECTION‘ =>string‘keep-alive‘(length=10)
‘HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL‘ =>string‘max-age=0‘(length=9)
‘HTTP_ACCEPT‘ =>string‘text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8‘(length=74)
‘HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS‘ =>string‘1‘(length=1)
‘HTTP_USER_AGENT‘ =>string‘Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/47.0.2526.111 Safari/537.36‘(length=121)
‘HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING‘ =>string‘gzip, deflate, sdch‘(length=19)
‘HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE‘ =>string‘zh-CN,zh;q=0.8‘(length=14)
‘HTTP_COOKIE‘ =>string‘CNZZDATA5718743=cnzz_eid%3D686564234-1452136358-%26ntime%3D1452136358‘(length=69)
‘PATH‘ =>string‘/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin‘(length=29)
‘DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH‘ =>string‘/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/lib:/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/lib‘(length=69)
‘SERVER_SIGNATURE‘ =>string‘‘(length=0)
‘SERVER_SOFTWARE‘ =>string‘Apache/2.4.16 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.0.1p PHP/5.6.12 mod_perl/2.0.8-dev Perl/v5.16.3‘(length=78)
‘SERVER_NAME‘ =>string‘localhost‘(length=9)
‘SERVER_ADDR‘ =>string‘::1‘(length=3)
‘SERVER_PORT‘ =>string‘80‘(length=2)
‘REMOTE_ADDR‘ =>string‘::1‘(length=3)
‘DOCUMENT_ROOT‘ =>string‘/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs‘(length=37)
‘REQUEST_SCHEME‘ =>string‘http‘(length=4)
‘CONTEXT_PREFIX‘ =>string‘‘(length=0)
‘CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT‘ =>string‘/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs‘(length=37)
‘SERVER_ADMIN‘ =>string‘[email protected]‘(length=15)
‘SCRIPT_FILENAME‘ =>string‘/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/example/index.php‘(length=55)
‘REMOTE_PORT‘ =>string‘49719‘(length=5)
‘REDIRECT_URL‘ =>string‘/example/forbase‘(length=16)
‘GATEWAY_INTERFACE‘ =>string‘CGI/1.1‘(length=7)
‘SERVER_PROTOCOL‘ =>string‘HTTP/1.1‘(length=8)
‘REQUEST_METHOD‘ =>string‘GET‘(length=3)
‘QUERY_STRING‘ =>string‘‘(length=0)
‘REQUEST_URI‘ =>string‘/example/forbase‘(length=16)
‘SCRIPT_NAME‘ =>string‘/example/index.php‘(length=18)
‘PHP_SELF‘ =>string‘/example/index.php‘(length=18)
‘REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT‘ =>float1454037979.728
‘REQUEST_TIME‘ =>int1454037979
哈哈,东西还真是个多啊。
Request类中用到Uri类:
/** * Create new Uri from environment. * * @param Environment $env * * @return self */ public static function createFromEnvironment(Environment $env) { // Scheme $isSecure = $env->get(‘HTTPS‘); $scheme = (empty($isSecure) || $isSecure === ‘off‘) ? ‘http‘ : ‘https‘; // Authority: Username and password $username = $env->get(‘PHP_AUTH_USER‘, ‘‘); $password = $env->get(‘PHP_AUTH_PW‘, ‘‘); // Authority: Host if ($env->has(‘HTTP_HOST‘)) { $host = $env->get(‘HTTP_HOST‘); } else { $host = $env->get(‘SERVER_NAME‘); } // Authority: Port $port = (int)$env->get(‘SERVER_PORT‘, 80); if (preg_match(‘/^(\[[a-fA-F0-9:.]+\])(:\d+)?\z/‘, $host, $matches)) { $host = $matches[1]; if ($matches[2]) { $port = (int) substr($matches[2], 1); } } else { $pos = strpos($host, ‘:‘); if ($pos !== false) { $port = (int) substr($host, $pos + 1); $host = strstr($host, ‘:‘, true); } } // Path //文件名/脚本名 $requestScriptName = parse_url($env->get(‘SCRIPT_NAME‘), PHP_URL_PATH); //其实是项目目录 $requestScriptDir = dirname($requestScriptName); // parse_url() requires a full URL. As we don‘t extract the domain name or scheme, // we use a stand-in. //就是uri,主机名后面的字符串 $requestUri = parse_url(‘http://example.com‘ . $env->get(‘REQUEST_URI‘), PHP_URL_PATH); $basePath = ‘‘; $virtualPath = $requestUri; if (stripos($requestUri, $requestScriptName) === 0) { $basePath = $requestScriptName; } elseif ($requestScriptDir !== ‘/‘ && stripos($requestUri, $requestScriptDir) === 0) { $basePath = $requestScriptDir; } if ($basePath) { //就是最后文件名或接口名 $virtualPath = ltrim(substr($requestUri, strlen($basePath)), ‘/‘); } // Query string $queryString = $env->get(‘QUERY_STRING‘, ‘‘); // Fragment $fragment = ‘‘; // Build Uri $uri = new static($scheme, $host, $port, $virtualPath, $queryString, $fragment, $username, $password); if ($basePath) { $uri = $uri->withBasePath($basePath); } return $uri; }
最后会组成一个Uri对象,其中的属性如下:
object(Slim\Http\Uri)[26]
protected ‘scheme‘ => string ‘http‘ (length=4)
protected ‘user‘ => string ‘‘ (length=0)
protected ‘password‘ => string ‘‘ (length=0)
protected ‘host‘ => string ‘localhost‘ (length=9)
protected ‘port‘ => int 80
protected ‘basePath‘ => string ‘/example‘ (length=8)
protected ‘path‘ => string ‘forbase‘ (length=7)
protected ‘query‘ => string ‘‘ (length=0)
protected ‘fragment‘ => string ‘‘ (length=0)
Request类用到了Headers类:
class Headers extends Collection implements HeadersInterface /** * Create new headers collection with data extracted from * the application Environment object * * @param Environment $environment The Slim application Environment * * @return self */ public static function createFromEnvironment(Environment $environment) { $data = []; foreach ($environment as $key => $value) { $key = strtoupper($key); if (isset(static::$special[$key]) || strpos($key, ‘HTTP_‘) === 0) { if ($key !== ‘HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH‘) { $data[$key] = $value; } } } return new static($data); } /** * Set HTTP header value * * This method sets a header value. It replaces * any values that may already exist for the header name. * * @param string $key The case-insensitive header name * @param string $value The header value */ public function set($key, $value) { if (!is_array($value)) { $value = [$value]; } parent::set($this->normalizeKey($key), [ ‘value‘ => $value, ‘originalKey‘ => $key ]); } /** * Get HTTP header value * * @param string $key The case-insensitive header name * @param mixed $default The default value if key does not exist * * @return string[] */ public function get($key, $default = null) { if ($this->has($key)) { return parent::get($this->normalizeKey($key))[‘value‘]; } return $default; }
将与HTTP相关的头都包含进来,最后通过static创建一个Header对象,同时在Headers复写Collection的set()和get()方法并实现了HeadersInterface的add()和normalizeKey()方法。
所以结果如下:
object(Slim\Http\Headers)[27]
protected ‘data‘ =>
array (size=9)
‘host‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_HOST‘ (length=9)
‘connection‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_CONNECTION‘ (length=15)
‘cache-control‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL‘ (length=18)
‘accept‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_ACCEPT‘ (length=11)
‘upgrade-insecure-requests‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS‘ (length=30)
‘user-agent‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_USER_AGENT‘ (length=15)
‘accept-encoding‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING‘ (length=20)
‘accept-language‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE‘ (length=20)
‘cookie‘ =>
array (size=2)
‘value‘ =>
array (size=1)
...
‘originalKey‘ => string ‘HTTP_COOKIE‘ (length=11)
Request 类用到了Cookies类
class Cookies implements CookiesInterface /** * Parse HTTP request `Cookie:` header and extract * into a PHP associative array. * * @param string $header The raw HTTP request `Cookie:` header * * @return array Associative array of cookie names and values * * @throws InvalidArgumentException if the cookie data cannot be parsed */ public static function parseHeader($header) { if (is_array($header) === true) { $header = isset($header[0]) ? $header[0] : ‘‘; } if (is_string($header) === false) { throw new InvalidArgumentException(‘Cannot parse Cookie data. Header value must be a string.‘); } $header = rtrim($header, "\r\n"); $pieces = preg_split(‘@\s*[;,]\s*@‘, $header); $cookies = []; foreach ($pieces as $cookie) { $cookie = explode(‘=‘, $cookie, 2); if (count($cookie) === 2) { $key = urldecode($cookie[0]); $value = urldecode($cookie[1]); if (!isset($cookies[$key])) { $cookies[$key] = $value; } } } return $cookies; }
打印了下当前请求的Cookie,如下:
‘HTTP_COOKIE‘ => string ‘CNZZDATA5718743=cnzz_eid%3D686564234-1452136358-%26ntime%3D1452136358‘ (length=69)
在其被处理后就变成了这个样子:
array (size=1)
‘CNZZDATA5718743‘ => string ‘cnzz_eid=686564234-1452136358-&ntime=1452136358‘ (length=47)
原始COOKIE和parse后的Cookie。其实可以看到就是一个 XX=xx的形式。
解码中%后面是个16进制的值,通过ASCII码就能找到字符了。%3D 的十进制是61,61在ASCII码里是 ‘=‘。
Request 类还用到了RequestBody,
//创建了一个body stream ,stream 指向php://input,这个php://input可以读取原始的POST数据 $body = new RequestBody();
其实是用来获取原始POST数据的。
public function __construct( $method, UriInterface $uri, HeadersInterface $headers, array $cookies, array $serverParams, StreamInterface $body, array $uploadedFiles = [] ) { $this->originalMethod = $this->filterMethod($method); $this->uri = $uri; $this->headers = $headers; $this->cookies = $cookies; $this->serverParams = $serverParams; $this->attributes = new Collection(); $this->body = $body; $this->uploadedFiles = $uploadedFiles; if (isset($serverParams[‘SERVER_PROTOCOL‘])) { $this->protocolVersion = str_replace(‘HTTP/‘, ‘‘, $serverParams[‘SERVER_PROTOCOL‘]); } if (!$this->headers->has(‘Host‘) || $this->uri->getHost() !== ‘‘) { $this->headers->set(‘Host‘, $this->uri->getHost()); } $this->registerMediaTypeParser(‘application/json‘, function ($input) { return json_decode($input, true); }); $this->registerMediaTypeParser(‘application/xml‘, function ($input) { $backup = libxml_disable_entity_loader(true); $result = simplexml_load_string($input); libxml_disable_entity_loader($backup); return $result; }); $this->registerMediaTypeParser(‘text/xml‘, function ($input) { $backup = libxml_disable_entity_loader(true); $result = simplexml_load_string($input); libxml_disable_entity_loader($backup); return $result; }); $this->registerMediaTypeParser(‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded‘, function ($input) { parse_str($input, $data); return $data; }); }
这样一个request就妥当了,而且含有method、body等数据。