原文:十五天精通WCF——第一天 三种Binding让你KO80%的业务
转眼wcf技术已经出现很多年了，也在.net界混的风生水起，同时.net也是一个高度封装的框架，作为在wcf食物链最顶端的我们所能做的任务已经简单的不能再简单了，
再简单的话马路上的大妈也能写wcf了，好了，wcf最基本的概念我们放在后面慢慢分析，下面我们来看看神奇的3个binding如何KO我们实际场景中的80%的业务场景。
一：basicHttpBinding
作为入门第一篇，也就不深入谈谈basic中的信道栈中那些啥东西了，你只需要知道有ABC三个要素，注意不是姨妈巾哦，如果需要详细了解，可以观赏我以前的系列。在
这里我就不多说了，太简单的东西没意思，先看个例子简单感受了，你只需知道的是basic走的是http协议就好了，传输消息为soap。
1. 契约
1 using System.Runtime.Serialization;
2 using System.ServiceModel;
3
4 namespace MyService
5 {
6 [ServiceContract]
7 public interface IHomeService
8 {
9 [OperationContract]
10 int GetLength(string name);
11 }
12 }
2. 实现类
1 using System;
2 using System.Messaging;
3 using System.Threading;
4
5 namespace MyService
6 {
7 public class HomeService : IHomeService
8 {
9 public int GetLength(string name)
10 {
11 return name.Length;
12 }
13 }
14 }
3. 服务启动
1 using System;
2 using System.ServiceModel;
3
4 namespace MyService
5 {
6 class Program
7 {
8 static void Main(string[] args)
9 {
10 using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(HomeService)))
11 {
12 try
13 {
14 host.Open();
15
16 Console.WriteLine("服务开启！");
17
18 Console.Read();
19 }
20 catch (Exception e)
21 {
22 Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
23 }
24 }
25 }
26 }
27 }
4. 配置config文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<netTcpBinding>
<binding name="IHomeServiceBinding" />
</netTcpBinding>
</bindings>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<service name="MyService.HomeService">
<endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:1920/HomeService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="MyService.IHomeService">
<identity>
<dns value="localhost" />
</identity>
</endpoint>
<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://127.0.0.1:1920"/>
</baseAddresses>
</host>
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
5. 然后通过 servicehost 启动服务端
using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace MyService
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(HomeService)))
{
try
{
host.Open();
Console.WriteLine("服务开启！");
Console.Read();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
}
}
好了，到现在为止，服务端全部开启完毕，接下来我们通过“添加服务引用”，来添加对客户端的引用
1 using System;
2
3 namespace ConsoleApplication1
4 {
5 class Program
6 {
7 static void Main(string[] args)
8 {
9 HomeServiceReference.HomeServiceClient client = new HomeServiceReference.HomeServiceClient();
10
11 var s = client.GetLength("12345");
12
13 Console.WriteLine("长度为:{0}", s);
14
15 Console.Read();
16 }
17 }
18 }
麻蛋，就这么简单，是的，就这样简单的五步，基于http的通信就这样被不小心的完成了，真不好意思。
二：netTcpBinding
有了basic的代码，现在我们要改成tcp通信，这会通信走的是字节流，很简单，改一下服务端的config文件就好了，大家也知道这种性能要比basic好。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="mxbehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<service name="MyService.HomeService" behaviorConfiguration="mxbehavior">
<endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:19200/HomeService" binding="netTcpBinding" contract="MyService.IHomeService">
<identity>
<dns value="localhost" />
</identity>
</endpoint>
<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:1920/HomeService"/>
</baseAddresses>
</host>
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
三：netMsmqBinding
msmq这个玩意，我想大家都清楚，一个物理上的文件，好处呢，你也明白，就是client和service的所有通信都要经过它的手，这样任何一方出了问题，只要
它在就没问题了。同样我们把tcp改成msmq也是非常简单的，不过要注意，msmqbinding中是不可以让契约方法有返回值的。所以我们加上isoneway就好了。
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace MyService
{
[ServiceContract]
public interface IHomeService
{
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void GetLength(string name);
}
}
然后我在mmc上新建一个消息队列，如下：
然后我们再改动以下配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="mxbehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<bindings>
<netMsmqBinding>
<binding name="msmqbinding">
<security mode="None"/>
</binding>
</netMsmqBinding>
</bindings>
<services>
<service name="MyService.HomeService" behaviorConfiguration="mxbehavior">
<endpoint address="net.msmq://localhost/private/homequeue" binding="netMsmqBinding"
contract="MyService.IHomeService" bindingConfiguration="msmqbinding">
<identity>
<dns value="localhost" />
</identity>
</endpoint>
<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:19200/HomeService"/>
</baseAddresses>
</host>
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
纵观上面的三种binding，配置起来何其简单，底层的各种通讯协议貌似对我来说都是透明的，其实呢？？？wcf在底层做了何其多的事情，而我却没有挖掘。。。
这对码农里说也是一种悲哀啊。。。出了问题就只能祷告上天。。。下一篇我会开始深入剖析。
时间： 2024-12-26 18:00:37