二型糖尿病：胰腺B细胞不能产生足够胰岛素，或者胰岛素不能正常工作（胰岛素抵抗）。

二型糖尿病常见于40岁后，南亚人们患病概率高。

现在二型糖尿病蔓延至小孩和青少年。

二型糖尿病占糖尿病总人数85%-95%。

二型糖尿病通常无症状，

一型糖尿病不能预防，二型糖尿病预防和延迟概率有85%。

预防方法：

均衡饮食，正常体重，适当锻炼。

What is Type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes develops when the insulin-producing cells in the body are unable to produce enough insulin, or when the insulin that is produced does not work properly (known as insulin resistance).

Who typically gets Type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes usually appears in people over the age of 40, though in South Asian people, who are at greater risk, it often appears from the age of 25. It is also increasingly becoming more common in children, adolescents and young people of all ethnicities. Type 2 diabetes accounts for between 85 and 95 per cent of all people with diabetes and is treated with a healthy diet and increased physical activity. In addition to this, medication and/or insulin are often required.

In Type 2 diabetes there is not enough insulin (or the insulin isn’t working properly), so the cells are only partially unlocked  and glucose builds up in the blood.

What is insulin?

Insulin is a hormone. It works as a chemical messenger that helps your body use the glucose in your blood to give you energy. You can think of it as the key that unlocks the door to the body’s cells. Once the door is unlocked glucose can enter the cells where it is used as fuel.

Type 2 diabetes in children

The vast majority of children with diabetes have Type 1 diabetes, but an increasing number are now developing Type 2 diabetes.You can find out more in our children‘s section here. The International Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) has produced guidelines for the management of Type 2 diabetes in children; go to www.ispad.org for further

information.

At the moment, there is nothing we can do to prevent Type 1 diabetes. But around 80 per cent of cases of Type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed by maintaining a healthy weight, eating well and being active. Find out if you‘re at risk, and how small changes now could make a big difference to your health in the future.

You are more at risk of Type 2 diabetes if:

• You’re overweight or have a high Body Mass Index (BMI)
• You have a large waist (more than 80cm/31.5 inches in women, 94 cm/37 inches in men or 90cm/35 inches in South Asian men)
• You’re from an African-Caribbean, Black African, Chinese or South Asian background and over 25
• You’re from another ethnic background and over 40
• You have a parent, brother or sister with diabetes
• You have ever had high blood pressure, a heart attack or a stroke
• You have a history of polycystic ovaries, gestational diabetes or have given birth to a baby over 10 pounds/4.5kg
• You suffer from schizophrenia, bipolar illness or depression, or you are taking anti-psychotic medication
• You have impaired glucose regulation.
• 二型糖尿病致病参考数据：
  1.体重超重
  2.腰围过大（男：90cm,女80cm）
  3.非洲，南亚，中国种族（25岁以上）
  4.40岁以上其它种族
  5.家族成员有糖尿病
  6.高血压，心脏病，中风
  7.出生超过9斤
  8.精神病，抑郁症，并使用其药物
  9.葡萄糖循环损坏
• Before you take the test, you need to take a few measurements: your waist size, your height and your weight.
• 测试腰围，体重，身高

Diabetes risk factors

About 90 per cent of people with diabetes have Type 2 diabetes. It can come on slowly, usually over the age of 40. The symptoms may not be obvious, or there may be no symptoms at all, therefore it might be up to 10 years before you learn that you have it. It’s important to understand your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, so you can take action now to reduce your risk and watch out for the symptoms.

You are more at risk of Type 2 diabetes if:

• You’re overweight or have a high Body Mass Index (BMI)
• You have a large waist (more than 80cm/31.5 inches in women, 94 cm/37 inches in men or 90cm/35 inches in South Asian men)
• You’re from an African-Caribbean, Black African, Chinese or South Asian background and over 25
• You’re from another ethnic background and over 40
• You have a parent, brother or sister with diabetes
• You have ever had high blood pressure, a heart attack or a stroke
• You have a history of polycystic ovaries, gestational diabetes or have given birth to a baby over 10 pounds/4.5kg
• You suffer from schizophrenia, bipolar illness or depression, or you are taking anti-psychotic medication
• You have impaired glucose regulation.

Our free online risk test only takes a few minutes to calculate your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. It will help you understand if there are changes you could make to reduce your risk.

Before you take the test, you need to take a few measurements: your waist size, your height and your weight.

Measure your waist size

Your waist size is not necessarily your trouser size. To get an accurate waist measurement, find the bottom of your ribcage and the top of your hip bone. Measure around your middle at a point midway between these (for most people this will be the tummy button).

Watch our video for tips on how to get an accurate waist measurement.

围绕肚鸡眼一圈测试