1,jvm Classload默认几个重要方法介绍
findClass:Finds and loads the class with the specified name from the URL search path.找到class文件并把字节码加载到内存中,如果自定义的加载器仅覆盖了findClass,而未覆盖loadClass(即加载规则一样,但加载路径不同);则调用getClass().getClassLoader()返回的仍然是AppClassLoader!因为真正load类的,还是AppClassLoader
defineClass:Converts an array of bytes into an instance of class. 创建类对象,将字节流解析成JVM能够识别的Class对象
loadClass:Loads the class with the specified binary name.自定义的加载器可以覆盖该方法loadClass(),以便定义不同的加载机制.例如Servlet中的WebappClassLoader覆盖了该方法,在WEB-INFO/classes目录下查找类文件;在加载时,如果成功,则缓存到ResourceEntry对象。——不同的加载机制。
2,其它一些方法
resolveClass:加载完字节码后,会根据需要进行验证、解析
defineClass:字节流解析成JVM能够识别的Class对象。不可覆盖
findLoadedClass:如果类已经加载过,则直接返回 Returns the class with the given name binary name if this loader has been recorded by the Java virtual machine as an initiating
3,调用规则:loadClass-->findClass-->defineClass--->resolveClass(可选)
4,JVM默认不能热部署类,因为加载类时会去调用findLoadedClass(),如果类已被加载,就不会再次加载。JVM判断类是否被加载有两个条件:完整类名是否一样、ClassLoader是否是同一个。
loadClass方法代码:
protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException { synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) { // First, check if the class has already been loaded Class c = findLoadedClass(name); if (c == null) { long t0 = System.nanoTime(); try { if (parent != null) { c = parent.loadClass(name, false); } else { c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name); } } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // ClassNotFoundException thrown if class not found // from the non-null parent class loader } if (c == null) { // If still not found, then invoke findClass in order // to find the class. long t1 = System.nanoTime(); c = findClass(name); // this is the defining class loader; record the stats sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0); sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1); sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment(); } } if (resolve) { resolveClass(c); } return c; } }