ORA-12638: 身份证明检索失败 的解决办法
2008年06月25日 星期三 11:42
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the NTS option makes the Oracle client attempt to use your current Windows domain credentials to authenticate you with the oracle server. This could fail for a couple of reasons: - The Oracle server is not configured to support Windows authentication In my case, it was the later. Despite the fact that I had told the client to use a different user name and password, it was still attempting to login using my domain credentials first. This failed because I was logged on to my local machine using my normal domain credentials rather than my administrator account. Replacing the line: SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS) with SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NONE) in sqlnet.ora resolved the issue by disabling local support for authenticating using Windows credentials. |
FIX: IN DB SERVER
找到安装目录：E:/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/NETWORK/ADMIN 打开sqlnet.ora
option 1: 在里面找到 SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)
将其更改为: SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (BEQ,NONE)
option 2:或者注释掉：#SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)
在windows中，是通过sqlnet.ora这个文件来实现验证机制控制的，当你装完数据库并用netca创建了监听，就会生成这个文件，通常默认是以下内容：
# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to
# install "Software Only", this file won‘t exist and without the native
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NTS)
也就是说，默认就是采用操作系统验证的，也许Oracle认为，拥有了SA权限，就拥有了系统最高权限，所以数据库DBA的sys用户也无需再验证密码了
如果设置成(NONE)，就表示采用数据库身份验证，还可以设置成(NONE,NTS)，其实这样设也没有意义了，只要括号中有NTS，就会采用操作系统验证，NONE就没有用了
这里要指出一点，有些文章中说还可以设置成(ALL)，但我设计测试下来，如果设置成(ALL)，会提示ERROR：
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期四 8月 28 21:26:06 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12641: 验证服务无法初始化