在进行激光攻击的脚本编写前，我们需要先进行一定程度的想象，激光和普通的远程攻击有哪些不太一样的地方。
正常的远程攻击例如子弹，箭矢，技能波等，都有明确的弹道，不可能同时命中多个敌人，而且一般只要命中敌人后就会被销毁。（特殊技能除外）
但激光可以认为是一种持续性的范围伤害，只是它的范围（长度）是不固定的，在激光的发射阶段，它会在第一个被命中的目标或障碍物处截断。
一旦整个激光成型后，一般来说，它将不再被运动的目标截断，反而是依靠它已经生成的光柱将目标弹开并造成伤害。
当然，如果之前被命中的目标或障碍物从激光的光柱范围内移开，这时激光会自动延长至下一被命中的目标或障碍物位置。
也就是说，激光一旦发出，在它的生命周期内，只延长不缩短，直至最后消失。
激光发射的过程如下：
1.从起始的发射点射出一条不断向前运动的射线，到达目标点的速度非常快，一般肉眼很难捕捉。直到遇到障碍物截断，不然持续向前延伸。
2.激光一开始是以极小的宽度开始扩散它的能量，它的宽度在发射过程中是由细到宽最终到达极限宽度的。而不是恒定不变的。
3.激光由于快速运动势必会与空气产生摩擦，一部分电光会在激光运动的轨迹周围闪现。
4.激光有生命周期，也可以是停止持续供能后衰减。但激光衰减的过程中长度不会发生变化，而是通过类似于能量迅速收束的方式使整个光柱逐渐变细直至消失，周围的电光也在此衰减过程中逐渐消失。
上面想象模拟了一束激光从生成到凋亡的整个过程，基于此，先定义几种状态：
1 public enum EmissionRayState
2 {
3 Off,
4 On
5 }
6
7 public enum EmissionLifeSate
8 {
9 None,
10 //创建阶段
11 Creat,
12 //生命周期阶段
13 Keep,
14 //衰减阶段
15 Attenuate
16 }
主循环的状态切换：
1 void Update()
2 {
3 switch (State)
4 {
5 case EmissionRayState.On:
6 switch (LifeSate)
7 {
8 case EmissionLifeSate.Creat:
9 ShootLine();
10 break;
11 case EmissionLifeSate.Keep:
12 ExtendLineWidth();
13 break;
14 case EmissionLifeSate.Attenuate:
15 CutDownRayLine();
16 break;
17 }
18 break;
19 }
20 }
属性列表：
1 //发射位置 2 public Transform FirePos; 3 //激光颜色 4 public Color EmissionColor = Color.blue; 5 //电光颜色 6 public Color EleLightColor = Color.blue; 7 //发射速度 8 public float FireSpeed = 30f; 9 //生命周期 10 public float LifeTime = .3f; 11 //最大到达宽度 12 public float MaxRayWidth = .1f; 13 //宽度扩展速度 14 public float WidthExtendSpeed = .5f; 15 //渐隐速度 16 public float FadeOutSpeed = 1f; 17 //电光数量 18 public int EleLightCount = 8; 19 //电光偏移值 20 public float EleLightOffse = .5f; 21 //击中伤害 22 public int Damage = 121;
每次发射时创建一个附带LineRenderer组件的物体，在发射前对其中的一些属性赋值：
1 public void FireBegin()
2 {
3 switch (State)
4 {
5 //只有在状态关闭时才可以开启激光
6 case EmissionRayState.Off:
7 //实例化激光组件
8 LineRayInstance = ObjectPool.Instance.GetObj(LineRayPrefab.gameObject, FirePos).GetComponent<LineRenderer>();
9 EleLightningInstance = ObjectPool.Instance.GetObj(EleLightningPerfab.gameObject, FirePos).GetComponent<LineRenderer>();
10 //设置状态
11 State = EmissionRayState.On;
12 LifeSate = EmissionLifeSate.Creat;
13 //初始化属性
14 RayCurrentPos = FirePos.position;
15 LineRayInstance.GetComponent<EmissionRay>().Damage = Damage;
16 LineRayInstance.positionCount = 2;
17 RayOriginWidth = LineRayInstance.startWidth;
18 LineRayInstance.material.SetColor("_Color", EmissionColor);
19 EleLightningInstance.material.SetColor("_Color", EleLightColor);
20 break;
21 }
22 }
该方法外部调用后自动切换到激光的生命周期循环，其中用到的对象池可详见：
https://www.cnblogs.com/koshio0219/p/11572567.html
生成射线阶段：
1 //生成射线
2 private void ShootLine()
3 {
4 //设置激光起点
5 LineRayInstance.SetPosition(0, FirePos.position);
6 var dt = Time.deltaTime;
7
8 //射线的终点按发射速度进行延伸
9 RayCurrentPos += FirePos.forward * FireSpeed * dt;
10
11 //在射线运动过程中创建一个单位长度的射线用来检测碰撞
12 Ray ray = new Ray(RayCurrentPos, FirePos.forward);
13 RaycastHit hit;
14 //射线长度为一帧的运动距离，保证不会因为运动过快而丢失
15 if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit, dt * FireSpeed))
16 {
17 RayCurrentPos = hit.point;
18 //向命中物体发送被击信号
19 SendActorHit(hit.transform.gameObject);
20
21 //切换状态
22 LifeSate = EmissionLifeSate.Keep;
23 RayCurrentWidth = RayOriginWidth;
24 RayLength = (RayCurrentPos - FirePos.position).magnitude;
25 //创建射线周围电光
26 CreatKeepEleLightning();
27 //开始计算生命周期
28 LifeTimer = 0f;
29 }
30 //设置当前帧终点位置
31 LineRayInstance.SetPosition(1, RayCurrentPos);
32 }
1 //发送受击信号
2 private void SendActorHit(GameObject HitObject)
3 {
4 var actor = HitObject.GetComponent<Actor>();
5 if (actor != null)
6 {
7 actor.OnHit(LineRayInstance.gameObject);
8 actor.OnHitReAction(LineRayInstance.gameObject, FirePos.forward.GetVector3XZ().normalized);
9 }
10 }
1 //生成电光
2 private void CreatKeepEleLightning()
3 {
4 EleLightningInstance.positionCount = EleLightCount;
5 for (int i = 0; i < EleLightCount; i++)
6 {
7 //计算偏移值
8 var offse = RayCurrentWidth / 2 + EleLightOffse;
9 var eleo = FirePos.position + (RayCurrentPos - FirePos.position) * (i + 1) / EleLightCount;
10 //在射线的左右间隔分布
11 var pos = i % 2 == 0 ? new Vector3(eleo.x + offse, eleo.y, eleo.z) : new Vector3(eleo.x - offse, eleo.y, eleo.z);
12 EleLightningInstance.SetPosition(i, pos);
13 }
14 }
注意这里本例中不用任何碰撞体来检测碰撞，而是单纯用射线检测，这里只用了一条，更好的做法是在激光的两条边缘发射两条射线检测。
生命周期阶段：
1 private void ExtendLineWidth()
2 {
3 //每帧检测射线碰撞
4 CheckRayHit();
5 var dt = Time.deltaTime;
6 //按速度扩展宽度直到最大宽度
7 if (RayCurrentWidth < MaxRayWidth)
8 {
9 RayCurrentWidth += dt * WidthExtendSpeed;
10 LineRayInstance.startWidth = RayCurrentWidth;
11 LineRayInstance.endWidth = RayCurrentWidth;
12 }
13 //生命周期结束后切换为衰减状态
14 LifeTimer += dt;
15 if (LifeTimer > LifeTime)
16 {
17 LifeSate = EmissionLifeSate.Attenuate;
18 }
19 }
1 private void CheckRayHit()
2 {
3 Ray ray = new Ray(FirePos.position, FirePos.forward);
4 RaycastHit hit;
5 //按当前激光长度检测
6 if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit, RayLength))
7 {
8 SendActorHit(hit.transform.gameObject);
9 }
10 }
衰减阶段：
1 private void CutDownRayLine()
2 {
3 var dt = Time.deltaTime;
4 //宽度衰减为零后意味着整个激光关闭完成
5 if (RayCurrentWidth > 0)
6 {
7 RayCurrentWidth -= dt * FadeOutSpeed;
8 LineRayInstance.startWidth = RayCurrentWidth;
9 LineRayInstance.endWidth = RayCurrentWidth;
10 }
11 else
12 FireShut();
13 }
关闭射线并还原设置：
1 public void FireShut()
2 {
3 switch (State)
4 {
5 case EmissionRayState.On:
6 EleLightningInstance.positionCount = 0;
7 LineRayInstance.positionCount = 0;
8 LineRayInstance.startWidth = RayOriginWidth;
9 LineRayInstance.endWidth = RayOriginWidth;
10 //回收实例化个体
11 ObjectPool.Instance.RecycleObj(LineRayInstance.gameObject);
12 ObjectPool.Instance.RecycleObj(EleLightningInstance.gameObject);
13 State = EmissionRayState.Off;
14 //发送射线已关闭的事件
15 EventManager.QueueEvent(new EmissionShutEvent());
16 break;
17 }
18 }
这里用到的事件系统可以详见：
https://www.cnblogs.com/koshio0219/p/11209191.html
完整脚本：
1 using UnityEngine;
2
3 public enum EmissionRayState
4 {
5 Off,
6 On
7 }
8
9 public enum EmissionLifeSate
10 {
11 None,
12 //创建阶段
13 Creat,
14 //生命周期阶段
15 Keep,
16 //衰减阶段
17 Attenuate
18 }
19
20 public class EmissionRayCtrl : MonoBehaviour
21 {
22 public LineRenderer LineRayPrefab;
23 public LineRenderer EleLightningPerfab;
24
25 private LineRenderer LineRayInstance;
26 private LineRenderer EleLightningInstance;
27
28 //发射位置
29 public Transform FirePos;
30 //激光颜色
31 public Color EmissionColor = Color.blue;
32 //电光颜色
33 public Color EleLightColor = Color.blue;
34 //发射速度
35 public float FireSpeed = 30f;
36 //生命周期
37 public float LifeTime = .3f;
38 //最大到达宽度
39 public float MaxRayWidth = .1f;
40 //宽度扩展速度
41 public float WidthExtendSpeed = .5f;
42 //渐隐速度
43 public float FadeOutSpeed = 1f;
44 //电光数量
45 public int EleLightCount = 8;
46 //电光偏移值
47 public float EleLightOffse = .5f;
48 //击中伤害
49 public int Damage = 121;
50
51 private EmissionRayState State;
52 private EmissionLifeSate LifeSate;
53
54 private Vector3 RayCurrentPos;
55 private float RayOriginWidth;
56 private float RayCurrentWidth;
57 private float LifeTimer;
58 private float RayLength;
59 void Start()
60 {
61 State = EmissionRayState.Off;
62 LifeSate = EmissionLifeSate.None;
63 }
64
65 public void FireBegin()
66 {
67 switch (State)
68 {
69 //只有在状态关闭时才可以开启激光
70 case EmissionRayState.Off:
71 //实例化激光组件
72 LineRayInstance = ObjectPool.Instance.GetObj(LineRayPrefab.gameObject, FirePos).GetComponent<LineRenderer>();
73 EleLightningInstance = ObjectPool.Instance.GetObj(EleLightningPerfab.gameObject, FirePos).GetComponent<LineRenderer>();
74 //设置状态
75 State = EmissionRayState.On;
76 LifeSate = EmissionLifeSate.Creat;
77 //初始化属性
78 RayCurrentPos = FirePos.position;
79 LineRayInstance.GetComponent<EmissionRay>().Damage = Damage;
80 LineRayInstance.positionCount = 2;
81 RayOriginWidth = LineRayInstance.startWidth;
82 LineRayInstance.material.SetColor("_Color", EmissionColor);
83 EleLightningInstance.material.SetColor("_Color", EleLightColor);
84 break;
85 }
86 }
87
88 void Update()
89 {
90 switch (State)
91 {
92 case EmissionRayState.On:
93 switch (LifeSate)
94 {
95 case EmissionLifeSate.Creat:
96 ShootLine();
97 break;
98 case EmissionLifeSate.Keep:
99 ExtendLineWidth();
100 break;
101 case EmissionLifeSate.Attenuate:
102 CutDownRayLine();
103 break;
104 }
105 break;
106 }
107 }
108
109 //生成射线
110 private void ShootLine()
111 {
112 //设置激光起点
113 LineRayInstance.SetPosition(0, FirePos.position);
114 var dt = Time.deltaTime;
115
116 //射线的终点按发射速度进行延伸
117 RayCurrentPos += FirePos.forward * FireSpeed * dt;
118
119 //在射线运动过程中创建一个单位长度的射线用来检测碰撞
120 Ray ray = new Ray(RayCurrentPos, FirePos.forward);
121 RaycastHit hit;
122 //射线长度为一帧的运动距离，保证不会因为运动过快而丢失
123 if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit, dt * FireSpeed))
124 {
125 RayCurrentPos = hit.point;
126 //向命中物体发送被击信号
127 SendActorHit(hit.transform.gameObject);
128
129 //切换状态
130 LifeSate = EmissionLifeSate.Keep;
131 RayCurrentWidth = RayOriginWidth;
132 RayLength = (RayCurrentPos - FirePos.position).magnitude;
133 //创建射线周围电光
134 CreatKeepEleLightning();
135 //开始计算生命周期
136 LifeTimer = 0f;
137 }
138 //设置当前帧终点位置
139 LineRayInstance.SetPosition(1, RayCurrentPos);
140 }
141
142 //发送受击信号
143 private void SendActorHit(GameObject HitObject)
144 {
145 var actor = HitObject.GetComponent<Actor>();
146 if (actor != null)
147 {
148 actor.OnHit(LineRayInstance.gameObject);
149 actor.OnHitReAction(LineRayInstance.gameObject, FirePos.forward.GetVector3XZ().normalized);
150 }
151 }
152
153 private void CheckRayHit()
154 {
155 Ray ray = new Ray(FirePos.position, FirePos.forward);
156 RaycastHit hit;
157 //按当前激光长度检测
158 if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit, RayLength))
159 {
160 SendActorHit(hit.transform.gameObject);
161 }
162 }
163
164 private void ExtendLineWidth()
165 {
166 //每帧检测射线碰撞
167 CheckRayHit();
168 var dt = Time.deltaTime;
169 //按速度扩展宽度直到最大宽度
170 if (RayCurrentWidth < MaxRayWidth)
171 {
172 RayCurrentWidth += dt * WidthExtendSpeed;
173 LineRayInstance.startWidth = RayCurrentWidth;
174 LineRayInstance.endWidth = RayCurrentWidth;
175 }
176 //生命周期结束后切换为衰减状态
177 LifeTimer += dt;
178 if (LifeTimer > LifeTime)
179 {
180 LifeSate = EmissionLifeSate.Attenuate;
181 }
182 }
183
184 //生成电光
185 private void CreatKeepEleLightning()
186 {
187 EleLightningInstance.positionCount = EleLightCount;
188 for (int i = 0; i < EleLightCount; i++)
189 {
190 //计算偏移值
191 var offse = RayCurrentWidth / 2 + EleLightOffse;
192 var eleo = FirePos.position + (RayCurrentPos - FirePos.position) * (i + 1) / EleLightCount;
193 //在射线的左右间隔分布
194 var pos = i % 2 == 0 ? new Vector3(eleo.x + offse, eleo.y, eleo.z) : new Vector3(eleo.x - offse, eleo.y, eleo.z);
195 EleLightningInstance.SetPosition(i, pos);
196 }
197 }
198
199 private void CutDownRayLine()
200 {
201 var dt = Time.deltaTime;
202 //宽度衰减为零后意味着整个激光关闭完成
203 if (RayCurrentWidth > 0)
204 {
205 RayCurrentWidth -= dt * FadeOutSpeed;
206 LineRayInstance.startWidth = RayCurrentWidth;
207 LineRayInstance.endWidth = RayCurrentWidth;
208 }
209 else
210 FireShut();
211 }
212
213 public void FireShut()
214 {
215 switch (State)
216 {
217 case EmissionRayState.On:
218 EleLightningInstance.positionCount = 0;
219 LineRayInstance.positionCount = 0;
220 LineRayInstance.startWidth = RayOriginWidth;
221 LineRayInstance.endWidth = RayOriginWidth;
222 //回收实例化个体
223 ObjectPool.Instance.RecycleObj(LineRayInstance.gameObject);
224 ObjectPool.Instance.RecycleObj(EleLightningInstance.gameObject);
225 State = EmissionRayState.Off;
226 //发送射线已关闭的事件
227 EventManager.QueueEvent(new EmissionShutEvent());
228 break;
229 }
230 }
231 }
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/koshio0219/p/12102577.html
时间： 2024-10-12 09:12:53