建表:
create EXTERNAL table tabtext(IMSI string,
MDN string,
MEID string,
NAI string,
DestinationIP string,
DestinationPort string,
SourceIP string,
SourcePort string,
PDSNIP string,
PCFIP string,
HAIP string,
UserZoneID string,
BSID string,
Subnet string,
ServiceOption string,
ProtocolID string,
ServiceType string,
StartTime string,
EndTime string,
Duration string,
InputOctets string,
OutputOctets string,
InputPacket string,
OutputPacket string,
SessionID string,
RecordCloseCause string,
UserAgent string,
DestinationURL string,
DomainName string,
Host string,
ContentLen string,
ContentType string,
IfLink string,
Refer string,
HttpAction string,
HttpStatus string,
RespDelay string,
BehaviorTarget string)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘|‘;
load data inpath ‘/user/vendorultrapower/ck/car.txt‘ into table tabtext;
load data inpath ‘/user/vendorultrapower/ck/car.txt‘ into table tabtext;
set mapreduce.job.queuename=root.vendor.ven3;
create EXTERNAL table unmatch(url string);
load data local inpath ‘/home/vendorultrapower/ck/notnatch.txt‘ into table unmatch;
数据导入导出:
1.
Hive的几种常见的数据导入方式
这里介绍四种:
(1)、从本地文件系统中导入数据到Hive表;
(2)、从HDFS上导入数据到Hive表;
(3)、从别的表中查询出相应的数据并导入到Hive表中;
(4)、在创建表的时候通过从别的表中查询出相应的记录并插入到所创建的表中
1.从本地文件系统中导入数据到Hive表
1.1
[[email protected] hive-0.9.0-bin]$ bin/hive
创建ha表
hive> create table ha(id int,name string)
> row format delimited
> fields terminated by ‘\t‘
> stored as textfile;
[ROW FORMAT DELIMITED]关键字,是用来设置创建的表在加载数据的时候,支持的列分隔符。
[STORED AS file_format]关键字是用来设置加载数据的数据类型,默认是TEXTFILE,如果文件数据是纯文本,就是使用 [STORED AS TEXTFILE],然后从本地直接拷贝到HDFS上,hive直接可以识别数据。
1.2
操作系统中的文本
[[email protected] ~]$ cat haha.txt
101 zs
102 ls
103 ww
1.3导入数据
hive> load data local inpath ‘/home/hadoop/haha.txt‘ into table ha;
hive> select * from ha;
*****
和我们熟悉的关系型数据库不一样,Hive现在还不支持在insert语句里面直接给出一组记录的文字形式,也就是说,Hive并不支持INSERT INTO …. VALUES形式的语句。
*****
--------------------------------------------------
2.
从HDFS上导入数据到Hive表;
2.1
[[email protected] hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u5]$ bin/hadoop fs -mkdir abc
[[email protected] ~]$ cat hehe.txt
1001 aa
1002 bb
1003 cc
[[email protected] hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u5]$ bin/hadoop fs -put /home/hadoop/hehe.txt abc/.
(上传到 hdfs中)
2.2
hive> create table he(id int,name string)
> row format delimited
> fields terminated by ‘\t‘
> stored as textfile;
导入
hive> load data inpath ‘/user/hadoop/abc/hehe.txt‘ into table he;
---------------------------------------------------------
3.从别的表中查询出相应的数据并导入到Hive表中
3.1
hive> select * from he;
OK
1001 aa
1002 bb
1003 cc
hive> create table heihei(id int,name string)
> row format delimited
> fields terminated by ‘\t‘
> stored as textfile;
3.2
hive> insert into table heihei select * from he;
或
hive> insert overwrite table heihei select * from ha;
(insert overwrite 会覆盖数据)
--------------------------------------------------
4.在创建表的时候通过从别的表中查询出相应的记录并插入到所创建的表中
hive> create table gaga as select * from he;
================================================================
导出数据
(1)、导出到本地文件系统;
(2)、导出到HDFS中;
(3)、导出到Hive的另一个表中。
1.导出到本地文件系统;
hive> insert overwrite local directory ‘/home/hadoop/he1‘ select * from he;
[[email protected] ~]$ cd he1(he1为目录,目录下有000000_0文件 )
[[email protected] he1]$ cat 000000_0
(发现 列之间没有分割 )
可以下面的方式增加分割
hive> insert overwrite local directory ‘/home/hadoop/he1‘ select id,concat(‘\t‘,name) from he;
******
和导入数据到Hive不一样,不能用insert into来将数据导出
******
---------------------------------------------------------
2.导出到HDFS中。
hive> insert overwrite directory ‘/user/hadoop/abc‘ select * from he;
(/user/hadoop/abc 为hdfs下目录)
[[email protected] hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u5]$ bin/hadoop fs -ls abc
[[email protected] hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u5]$ bin/hadoop fs -cat abc/000000_0
-------------------------------------------------------------
3.导出到Hive的另一个表中
hive> insert into table he12 select * from he;