一.相关类及其方法:
java.lang.reflect.Proxy,
Proxy
提供用于创建动态代理类和实例的静态方法.
newProxyInstance()
返回一个指定接口的代理类实例,该接口可以将方法调用指派到指定的调用处理程序
(详见api文档)
java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler,
InvocationHandler
是代理实例的调用处理程序
实现的接口。
invoke()
在代理实例上处理方法调用并返回结果。在与方法关联的代理实例上调用方法时,将在调用处理程序上调用此方法。
(详见api文档)
二.源代码:
被代理对象的接口及实现类:
package
com.ml.test;
public interface Manager {
public void
modify();
}
package com.ml.test;
public class
ManagerImpl implements Manager {
@Override
public void modify()
{
System.out.println("*******modify()方法被调用");
}
}
业务代理类:
package
com.ml.test;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import
java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class BusinessHandler implements
InvocationHandler {
private Object object =
null;
public BusinessHandler(Object object) {
this.object =
object;
}
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method
method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable
{
System.out.println("do something
before method");
Object ret =
method.invoke(this.object, args);
System.out.println("do
something after method");
return ret;
}
}
客户端类:
package
com.ml.test;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
public class Client
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 元对象(被代理对象)
ManagerImpl managerImpl = new
ManagerImpl();
// 业务代理类
BusinessHandler
securityHandler = new
BusinessHandler(managerImpl);
//
获得代理类($Proxy0 extends Proxy implements Manager)的实例.
Manager
managerProxy = (Manager)
Proxy.newProxyInstance(managerImpl
.getClass().getClassLoader(),
managerImpl.getClass()
.getInterfaces(),
securityHandler);
managerProxy.modify();
}
}
三.执行结果:
do
something before method
*******modify()方法被调用
do something after
method
四.机制分析:
Proxy.(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces,
InvocationHandler h)做了以下几件事.
(1)根据参数loader和interfaces调用方法
getProxyClass(loader,
interfaces)创建代理类$Proxy.
$Proxy0类实现了interfaces的接口,并继承了Proxy类.
(2)实例化$Proxy0并在构造方法中把BusinessHandler传过去,接着$Proxy0调用父类Proxy的构造器,为h赋值,如下:
class
Proxy{
InvocationHandler
h=null;
protected Proxy(InvocationHandler h)
{
this.h =
h;
}
...
}
下面是本例的$Proxy0类的源码(好不容易才把它提出来):
import
java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import
java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import
java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException;
public final class
$Proxy0 extends Proxy implements Manager {
private static Method
m1;
private static Method m0;
private static Method m3;
private static
Method m2;
static {
try
{
m1 =
Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals",
new Class[] {
Class.forName("java.lang.Object") });
m0
=
Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode",
new
Class[0]);
m3 =
Class.forName("com.ml.test.Manager").getMethod("modify",
new
Class[0]);
m2 =
Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString",
new Class[0]);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException
nosuchmethodexception) {
throw
new NoSuchMethodError(nosuchmethodexception.getMessage());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException
classnotfoundexception) {
throw
new
NoClassDefFoundError(classnotfoundexception.getMessage());
}
}
public
$Proxy0(InvocationHandler invocationhandler) {
super(invocationhandler);
}
@Override
public
final boolean equals(Object obj) {
try
{
return
((Boolean) super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[] { obj
}))
.booleanValue();
} catch (Throwable throwable)
{
throw
new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
@Override
public
final int hashCode() {
try {
return ((Integer)
super.h.invoke(this, m0, null)).intValue();
}
catch (Throwable throwable) {
throw
new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
public
final void modify() {
try {
super.h.invoke(this, m3,
null);
return;
}
catch (Error e) {
} catch (Throwable throwable)
{
throw
new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
@Override
public
final String toString() {
try {
return (String) super.h.invoke(this,
m2, null);
}
catch (Throwable throwable) {
throw
new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
}
接着把得到的$Proxy0实例强制转换成Manager.
当执行managerProxy.modify()方法时,就调用了$Proxy0类中的modify()方法.
在modify方法中,调用父类Proxy中的h的invoke()方法.
即InvocationHandler.invoke();
以上一段是原作者的原话,在此本人详细解说一下:
Manager
managerProxy = (Manager)
Proxy.newProxyInstance(managerImpl
.getClass().getClassLoader(),
managerImpl.getClass()
.getInterfaces(),
securityHandler);
此句中Proxy.newProxyInstance(..)方法执行时生成了$Proxy0的内存字节码文件并return出来赋给了
managerProxy,强制转化成了Manager接口,同时$Proxy0也实现了Manager接口中的所有方法,所以在
managerProxy.modify();
时就是调用了$Proxy0中的一下代码段:
public
final void modify() {
try {
super.h.invoke(this, m3, null);
//该段则执行了InvocationHandler.invoke(); super.h既是InvocationHandler
return;
}
catch (Error e) {
} catch (Throwable throwable)
{
throw
new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
这样动态代理机制就实现了。
所以JAVA的动态代理的关键就在Proxy.newProxyInstance(..)方法执行时生成了$Proxy0的内存字节码以及JDK的反射机制!
作者“林清杨--技术博客”